柴达木盆地西部地区咸化湖盆天然气地球化学特征及成因类型判识指标——以古近系—新近系为例

根据天然气地球化学基本理论,对柴达木盆地西部（柴西）地区天然气的地球化学特征进行分析。测试和收集该地区18个油气田及含油气构造的83个天然气样品,分析其组分和C同位素数据,结果显示,该区天然气以烃类气体为主,烃类含量介于79.24%~99.81%之间,天然气比重介于0.72~1.36之间,天然气干燥系数（C1/C2+）介于1.04~617.8之间,甲烷C同位素值介于-51.4‰~-24.2‰之间,乙烷C同位素值介于-34.2‰~-17.4‰之间。在此基础上,对该区不同构造带的天然气成因类型进行研究。研究结果表明,柴达木盆地西部地区天然气类型可划分为腐泥型气、腐殖型气、混合气3类,柴西北部天然气主要为腐泥型气和混合气,少量腐殖型气;柴西南部主要为腐泥型气,少量混合气。同时,建立了天然气成因类型的判识指标,对该区的天然气地球化学特征有了较为深入的认识,对今后的天然气勘探具有指导意义。     

2021年6月10日双柏MS5.1地震序列精定位及发震构造分析

1 地震背景 据中国地震台网( CENC)测定,2021年6月10日19时46分07秒,在云南省楚雄州双柏县发生MS5.1地震,震中(24.34°N,101.91°E),震源深度8 km.本次地震共造成楚雄州双柏县、玉溪市峨山县和易门县3个县5个乡镇不同程度受灾,2人受伤,直接经济总损失3440万元(引自云南省地震局关于双柏MS5.1地震灾害直接经济损失评估工作报告).     

一个海气耦合模式对东亚夏季气候预测潜力的评估

利用一个具有较高分辨率的海气耦合模式SINTEX-F(Scale Interaction Experiment-Frontier Research Center for Global Change coupled GCM)的多年回报结果,评估了该海气耦合模式对东亚区域,尤其是中国地区气候异常的预测潜力.与观测实况的比较结果表明:SINTEX-F模式对夏季降水、500 hPa高度场和地表气温都有一定的预测技巧,但是相比而言降水与高度场的回报技巧要高于地表气温;而且耦合模式对东亚地区气候异常的主要空间分布和年际变化特征也有较好的预测潜力,对500 hPa高度场效果较好;对降水异常的年际变化也有一定的预测潜力,尤其是我国中部地区效果较好,但是模式预测的降水异常的幅值较观测相对偏弱;此外对我国西部的极端气候也有一定的预测潜力.     

Uncertainty analysis of CO_2 flux components in subtropical evergreen coniferous plantation

We present an uncertainty analysis of ecological process parameters and CO2 flux components (Reco, NEE and gross ecosystem exchange (GEE)) derived from 3 years’ continuous eddy covariance meas-urements of CO2 fluxes at subtropical evergreen coniferous plantation, Qianyanzhou of ChinaFlux. Daily-differencing approach was used to analyze the random error of CO2 fluxes measurements and bootstrapping method was used to quantify the uncertainties of three CO2 flux components. In addition, we evaluated different ...     

Fault Systems and their Control of Deep Gas Accumulations in Xujiaweizi Area

A study of faults and their control of deep gas accumulations has been made on the basis of dividing fault systems in the Xujiaweizi area. The study indicates two sets of fault systems are developed vertically in the Xujiaweizi area, including a lower fault system and an upper fault system. Formed in the period of the Huoshiling Formation to Yingcheng Formation, the lower fault system consists of five fault systems including Xuxi strike-slip extensional fault system, NE-trending extensional fault system, near-EW-trending regulating fault system, Xuzhong strike-slip fault system and Xudong strike-slip fault system. Formed in the period of Qingshankou Formation to Yaojia Formation, the upper fault system was affected mainly by the boundary conditions of the lower fault system, and thus plenty of multi-directionally distributed dense fault zones were formed in the T2 reflection horizon. The Xuxi fault controlled the formation and distribution of Shahezi coal-measure source rocks, and Xuzhong and Xudong faults controlled the formation and distribution of volcanic reservoirs of Y1 Member and Y3 Member, respectively. In the forming period of the upper fault system, the Xuzhong fault was of successive strong activities and directly connected gas source rock reservoirs and volcanic reservoirs, so it is a strongly-charged direct gas source fault. The volcanic reservoir development zones of good physical properties that may be found near the Xuzhong fault are the favorable target zones for the next exploration of deep gas accumulations in Xujiaweizi area.     

煤层气在煤储层中的扩散及其影响因素

煤层气在煤储层中的扩散是指从煤基质孔隙表面上解吸的煤层气运移到割理系统的主要过程。发生扩散的前提条件是气体浓度差的出现，衡量扩散能力大小的重要参数是扩散系数。前者为由解吸速度、解吸气量和煤层气产量、井孔压力降等因素控制的动态参数，而后者为主要受扩散物质性质、扩散介质特征、扩散系统的温度、压力和孔隙结构形态等因素影响的静态参数。煤层气在煤储层中的扩散量与煤层气浓度差和扩散系数呈正比关系。     

水中氯代烃单体碳同位素分析中预富集方法进展

高精度准确测定氯代烃单体碳同位素对示踪污染物来源,了解污染物的生物降解过程具有重要意义。在环境转化过程中,有机污染物的同位素组成可能是稳定不变的,也有可能发生改变。若污染物的同位素组成在迁移转化过程中不变,根据其同位素组成可以示踪污染物的来源;若同位素组成变化,根据同位素分馏结果,可以评价环境中有机污染物降解发生的可能性和程度。本文综述了固相微萃取、静态顶空进样、吹扫-捕集、多级串联技术等前处理方法与气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比值质谱仪(GC-C-IRMS)联用分析水中氯代烃单体碳同位素的研究进展,比较了分析方法的优缺点。液-液萃取较少用于水中氯代烃的单体同位素分析。静态顶空进样、固相微萃取、吹扫-捕集都是无溶剂富集技术,与GC-C-IRMS联用分析水中氯代烃单体同位素过程中不存在或存在小且恒定的可校正的同位素分馏,分析精度一般优于1‰,没有二次污染,降低了杂质干扰,提高了GC-C-IRMS的分辨率和分析精度,降低了检测限。从静态顶空进样、固相微萃取、吹扫-捕集,到多级串联等技术与GC-C-IRMS联用分析水中氯代烃单体同位素比值,检测限逐渐降低。目前,吹扫-捕集-GC-C-IRMS在分析水中氯代烃中应用最广泛,重现性好、检测限低。针内微萃取、管内微萃取、搅动棒吸附萃取和顶空进样吸附萃取等前处理方法与GC-C-IRMS仪联用具有一定的应用前景。     

Textural and Geochemical Characteristics of Proglacial Sediments: A Case Study in the Foreland of the Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica

This paper presents a detailed study on the textural and geochemical characteristics of the proglacial sediments near the edge of modern Nelson Ice Cap, Antarctica. The grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are characteristic of glacigenic deposits, but very different from those of aeolian and lacustrine sediments. Moreover, the grain size distributions of the proglacial sediments are fractal with a dimension of about 2.9, and the fractal dimensions can be used as another summary statistical parameter for quantifying the relative amounts of coarse and fine materials. Correlations between the absolute element abundances of the proglacial sediments are very weak due to mineral partitioning and other effects of glacial processes, but correlations between the element/Rb ratios are statistically significant. This finding indicates that element/Rb ratios can be used to reduce or eliminate the effects of glacial processes, evaluate geochemical data and determine the sediment provenance in the for     

北方某废弃矿区地下水污染帷幕注浆应急处置研究

随着我国煤炭资源的枯竭,大量矿山关闭,遗留了广大的地下采空区场地。不少化工企业向废弃矿井内倾倒化学废液等导致了矿区地下水污染事故,威胁地下水水源地的水源安全。针对此类复杂场地条件下污染事故的应急处置案例和经验都非常少,本文以北方某废弃矿区地下水污染注浆帷幕应急处置为例,通过对矿区地质条件的分析、地下空间结构和地下水流场的刻画,构建三维地质模型,以模型为基础设计帷幕注浆工程并实施,研究复杂场地条件下开展帷幕注浆应急处置的重要内容和决定因素,并利用场地地下水样品监测结果,分析研究帷幕内外污染物浓度分布特征及差异,找出地下水运移规律,评价注浆帷幕效果。研究表明：在事故井周边100 m范围实施的帷幕注浆工程,对污染物运移的封堵效果显著,帷幕注浆内外污染物含量差距明显。一期检测结果显示帷幕注浆范围内地下水中二氯甲烷浓度最高1390 μg/L,帷幕范围外最高浓度仅为8. 07 μg/L;二期检测结果为污染物检出浓度大于5 μg/L的区域全部位于帷幕范围内,帷幕范围外均未检出。同时污染物的分布特征指示着地下水沿巷道运移成为最主要的形式,对地下空间结构的精准刻画是决定帷幕注浆工程成效的重要因素。