Oil source analysis of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation in Chepaizi area,in the northwest margin of Junggar basin

Well che89, located in the Chepaizi area in the northwest margin of Junggar basin, acquires high production industrial oil flow, which is an important breakthrough in the exploration of the south foreland slope area of Junggar basin. The Chepaizi area is near two hydrocarbon generation depressions of Sikeshu and Shawan, which have sets of hydrocarbon source rock of Carboniferous to Jurassic as well as Upper Tertiary. Geological and geochemical parameters are proper for the accumulation of mixed source crude oil. Carbon isotope, group composition and biomarkers of crude oil in Upper Tertiary of well Che89 show that the features of crude oil in Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation are between that of Permian and Jurassic, some of them are similar to these two, and some are of difference, they should be the mixed source of Permian and Jurassic. Geochemical analysis and geological study show that sand extract of Lower Tertiary Wulunguhe Formation has the same source as the crude oil and sand extract of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation, but they are not charged in the same period. Oil/gas of Wulunguhe Formation is charged before Upper Tertiary sedimentation, and suffered serious biodegradation and oxidation and rinsing, which provide a proof in another aspect that the crude oil of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation of well Che89 is not from hydrocarbon source rock of Lower Tertiary.

     

Study on low‐strain integrity testing of pipe‐pile using the elastodynamic finite integration technique

This study focuses on the three‐dimensional (3‐D) characteristics of wave propagation in pipe‐pile using elastodynamic finite integration technique. First, a real 3‐D pile‐soil model in cylindrical coordinate system is presented. Then, the governing equations are established. With the boundary and initial conditions, the numerical solution is obtained. The accuracy and feasibility of the self‐written code are further verified via comparing with the measured data. Velocity histories at different angles of pile top and pile tip are illustrated, and the snapshots reflecting the 3‐D characteristics of wave propagation are given. It shows that the interferences of Rayleigh waves can confuse the result interpretation for pile integrity testing. The increase of hammer contact time can effectively mitigate the interferences, and the interferences of Rayleigh waves are weakest at an angle of 90° from where hammer hits. Besides, surrounding soil can partly mitigate the wave interferences. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Electron density diagnostic potential of the Si x ion and its application in Procyon

Theoretical electron density sensitive line ratios   R ₁– R ₆  of Si  x soft X-ray emission lines are presented. We found that these line ratios are sensitive to electron density n _e, and the ratio R ₁ is insensitive to electron temperature T _e. For reliable determination of the electron density of laboratory and astrophysical plasmas, atomic data, such as electron impact excitation rates, are very important. Our results reveal that the discrepancy of the line ratios from different atomic data calculated with the distorted wave (DW) approximation and the R-matrix method is up to 19 per cent at   n _e= 2 × 10⁸ cm⁻³  . We applied the theoretical intensity ratio R ₁ to the Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (LETGS) spectrum of the solar-like star Procyon. By comparing the observed value (1.29) with the theoretical calculation, the derived electron density n _e is  2.6 × 10⁸ cm⁻³  , which is consistent with that derived from  (C  v < 8.3 × 10⁸ cm⁻³)  . When the temperature structure of the Procyon corona is taken into account, the derived electron density increases from   n _e= 2.6 × 10⁸  to  2.8 × 10⁸ cm⁻³  .     

Data assimilation with a barotropically unstable shallow water system using representer algorithms

The cycling representer algorithm of Xu and Daley (2000) is a weak constraint four-dimensional variational data assimilation algorithm. It was successfully applied to a one-dimensional transport problem and was able to successfully extract the signal from noisy and sparse observations. The algorithm, however, has not previously been applied to a multivariate, multidimensional system with dynamic instability. The algorithm is also very computationally demanding and awaits considerable enhancement in computer power before being practical for operational forecast models. We have two objectives in this paper. The first is to apply the cycling representer algorithm to a two-dimensional, multivariate barotropically unstable linear shallow water system. The second objective is to formulate and test an accelerated representer algorithm that is much more computationally tractable than the cycling representer algorithm itself. A linear shallow water system with a barotropically unstable basic state was used as a test bed to conduct data assimilation experiments. The evolution of a 'neutral' eastward-propagating singular vector was selected as the 'truth', against which all data assimilation experiments were to be evaluated. The results indicated that the cycling representer algorithm was capable of providing satisfying state estimates for a multivariate, multidimensional system. The results from the accelerated representer algorithm were very encouraging because it is sufficiently computationally tractable to be used on present day multi-processor machines for operational applications.     

运动目标轨迹数据管理的关键技术研究

运动目标的轨迹数据是空间信息系统的重要信息源。只有科学、合理、高效地利用运动目标的轨迹数据,才能更好地掌握多维动态变化的空间环境。在介绍运动目标的概念和国内外研究现状之后,重点分析运动目标时空数据模型(Moving Objects Spatio-temporal Data Model)相关的关键技术并提出相应的解决方案。     

GIS技术在无线电波场强分析中的应用研究

无线电波场强分析在广播电视台站规划中是一项重要的工作,采用传统的电波传播模型进行场强预测时,相关的计算大多依据纸质地图用手工进行,工作强度高,结果精确性低。本文结合地理信息系统(GIS)的空间数据管理、数字地形分析等技术,构建台站与发射机实体对象,基于地理空间信息环境实现了典型电波传播场强分析模型,提高了场强计算的效率和空间位置精度,同时将人口分布信息应用到模型中,增强了台站规划的科学性;最后讨论了GIS技术在电波传播模型中进一步应用的前景。     

粒子群算法及多阈值指数熵的遥感影像变化检测方法研究

在遥感影像检测中,一般采用多变化阈值来提高检测精度,但会导致运算量的增加。为解决该问题,提出利用粒子群算法及多阈值指数熵的遥感影像变化检测新方法。首先采用影像差值法构造差异影像;然后提出利用粒子群和多阈值指数熵的遥感影像分割方法,并将其用于对差异影像进行分割获取变化区域;最后对选取的实验数据进行变化检测,并与基于模糊C均值、双阈值指数熵、三阈值指数熵的非监督变化检测方法进行比较。实验结果显示,提出的变化检测方法其精度为94.77%,本案方法是一种有效地、可靠的遥感影像变化检测方法。     

交叉裂隙岩体裂纹扩展试验及混合有限-离散元数值模拟研究

对预制交叉裂隙岩石试样进行裂纹扩展试验,研究了裂纹萌生、扩展、聚合过程,分析了主裂隙和轴向载荷夹角及主次裂隙夹角对裂纹起裂应力和聚合应力的影响,并用混合有限元-离散元程序,即图形处理器并行化的3D Y-HFDEM代码对试验进行了仿真计算,实现了岩石破坏从连续介质向非连续介质的过渡,对裂纹类及损伤破坏模式进行了识别,捕捉到了试验中难以发现的现象。研究表明：随主裂隙与轴向载荷夹角增加,裂纹聚合区的拉伸裂纹数量增加;裂纹起裂和聚合应力与主裂隙与轴向载荷夹角成正比;主次裂隙夹角增加,岩石的破坏模式由拉伸破坏转为剪切破坏,交叉裂隙加剧岩石破碎程度;主裂隙尖端萌生扩展的拉伸-剪切混合裂缝引起的破坏在岩石破坏中占主导地位,是导致岩体失去承载能力的主控裂纹;混合有限元-离散元仿真软件GPGPU并行化的3D Y-HFDEM IDE在岩石裂纹扩展研究中具有优势,可以捕捉实验室难以发现的损伤断裂类型,可以作为岩石裂纹扩展研究的有力工具。     

海南岛抱伦金矿床双峰式侵入杂岩地球化学特征及对金成矿作用的启示

位于海南岛西南部的抱伦金矿产于尖峰岩体外接触带,与辉绿岩脉密切伴生,这些侵入岩蕴含了金矿成矿作用与岩浆活动-构造演化-成矿体系关系的重要信息。文章报道了对抱伦尖峰花岗岩和辉绿岩开展岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、元素和Sm-Nd同位素地球化学研究的成果。本次工作获得了尖峰花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS方法锆石U-Pb年龄为(234.9±2.8)Ma,与辉绿岩构成双峰式侵入杂岩组合。辉绿岩属亚碱性玄武岩系列,相对富集Th、Nb、Ta等强不相容元素,无Nb、Ta、Ti亏损,显示与富集洋中脊玄武岩(E-MORB)相似的地球化学特征,其ε_Nd(t)值为4.11,指示了亏损的源区性质;尖峰花岗岩属高钾钙碱性岩系的铝质A型花岗岩,相对富集K、Rb、Th、Ce等元素,相对亏损Sr、Ba、Nb、Ta、P、Ti等元素,其ε_Nd(t)值为-7.61～-7.80,指示了再循环地壳源区。抱伦辉绿岩为交代型地幔降压熔融的产物,而尖峰花岗岩起源于中元古界泥质和杂砂岩地壳源岩于低压、高温环境下的部分熔融,该双峰式侵入杂岩与金成矿作用形成于造山后伸展-减薄构造背景。双峰式侵入杂岩的...