Oil source analysis of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation in Chepaizi area,in the northwest margin of Junggar basin

Well che89, located in the Chepaizi area in the northwest margin of Junggar basin, acquires high production industrial oil flow, which is an important breakthrough in the exploration of the south foreland slope area of Junggar basin. The Chepaizi area is near two hydrocarbon generation depressions of Sikeshu and Shawan, which have sets of hydrocarbon source rock of Carboniferous to Jurassic as well as Upper Tertiary. Geological and geochemical parameters are proper for the accumulation of mixed source crude oil. Carbon isotope, group composition and biomarkers of crude oil in Upper Tertiary of well Che89 show that the features of crude oil in Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation are between that of Permian and Jurassic, some of them are similar to these two, and some are of difference, they should be the mixed source of Permian and Jurassic. Geochemical analysis and geological study show that sand extract of Lower Tertiary Wulunguhe Formation has the same source as the crude oil and sand extract of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation, but they are not charged in the same period. Oil/gas of Wulunguhe Formation is charged before Upper Tertiary sedimentation, and suffered serious biodegradation and oxidation and rinsing, which provide a proof in another aspect that the crude oil of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation of well Che89 is not from hydrocarbon source rock of Lower Tertiary.

     

Study on low‐strain integrity testing of pipe‐pile using the elastodynamic finite integration technique

This study focuses on the three‐dimensional (3‐D) characteristics of wave propagation in pipe‐pile using elastodynamic finite integration technique. First, a real 3‐D pile‐soil model in cylindrical coordinate system is presented. Then, the governing equations are established. With the boundary and initial conditions, the numerical solution is obtained. The accuracy and feasibility of the self‐written code are further verified via comparing with the measured data. Velocity histories at different angles of pile top and pile tip are illustrated, and the snapshots reflecting the 3‐D characteristics of wave propagation are given. It shows that the interferences of Rayleigh waves can confuse the result interpretation for pile integrity testing. The increase of hammer contact time can effectively mitigate the interferences, and the interferences of Rayleigh waves are weakest at an angle of 90° from where hammer hits. Besides, surrounding soil can partly mitigate the wave interferences. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new model for the vibration isolation via pile rows consisting of infinite number of piles

In this study, on the basis of the Floquet transform method, a numerical model for the simulation of the vibration isolation via multiple periodic pile rows with infinite number of piles is established. By means of the fictitious pile method due to Muki and Sternberg, the second kind of Fredholm integral equations for the pile rows are developed by using the fundamental solutions for the half‐space and the compatibility conditions between the piles and half‐space. Employing the Floquet transform method, integral equations for the pile rows in the wavenumber domain are then derived. Solution of the integral equations yields the wavenumber domain solution for the pile rows. The space domain solution can then be retrieved by inversion of the Floquet transform. Numerical results show that the proposed model with the Floquet transform method is in a good agreement with those of the conventional direct superposition method. On the basis of the new model, influences of the spacing between neighboring piles, the Young's modulus of the piles, and the pile length on the vibration isolation effect of the pile rows are investigated. Numerical simulations conducted in this study show that compared with the direct superposition method, the efficiency of the proposed model for simulation of the vibration isolation via pile rows is very high. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On the Lagrangian residual current and residual transport in a multiple time scale system of shallow seas

A multiple time scale perturbation method is used to discuss the Lagrangian residual current and residual transport on the basis of a weakly nonlinear dynamic model of shallow seas. The governing equations for the long-term variation of zero order “apparent concentration” (which is a linear combination of salinity, temperature of seawater and the concentration of any tracer which is conservative and passive) and its mean value over tidal cycles are obtained for the system with single tidal constituent, and for the one with multi-constituents, winds and thermohaline. The equations for the two cases are in the same form and show this long-term variation resulted from the cumulative effect of residual convection and turbulent diffusion. The multiple time scale variation of current is caused by tides, winds, and the thermohaline and the nonlinear effects of the system. The derived set of governing field equations of the Lagrangian current for this multiple time scale system is also in the same form as that for a single time scale system.     

网袖扭转及其排除的模拟试验

网袖扭转是单拖渔轮用网囊引纲船舷一侧起网时有发生的现象。本模拟试验,可清楚地观察到网袖扭转的角度、方向,从而采取安全、简便快捷的方法排除。操作:面向船尾,右舷收网的顺时针方向扭转一周,左舷收网的逆时针方向扭转一周,排除时连接着网囊引纲一侧的网袖和混含纲保持不动,解开连接另一网袖叉纲一端的混合纲,顺其向绕另一混合纲一周并接回原处,网袖扭转便排除。     

空间无碰撞激波的数值研究

无碰撞激波是空间等离子体和宇宙等离子体中的重要物理现象。文中评述了数值研究空间无碰撞激波的两种方法－粒子模拟和混合模拟，给出了准垂直和准平行无碰撞激波的数值研究结果。还指出了一些尚未解决的研究问题。     

大坂山含“铬矿物”石英闪长岩岩石特征

大坂山“铬矿物”产出于灰绿色中细粒石英闪长岩中,笔者从区域地质特征、岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学、同位素等方面对石英闪长岩进行了较全面的研究后认为,该套岩石成因为壳幔混合型,构造环境为北祁连加里东洋盆收缩阶段板块俯冲作用下形成的火山弧,岩石成岩时代为早奥陶世,铬矿物形成深度约30km,受区域性岩石圈断裂带控制。     

配饵中不同大豆浓缩蛋白含量对中华绒螯蟹消化酶活力的影响(英文)

研究了大豆浓缩蛋白作为饵料蛋白源对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹消化酶活力的影响,初步探讨了中华绒螯蟹对饵料蛋白源的内在适应机理。根据中华绒螯蟹的营养需求,用大豆浓缩蛋白替代鱼粉作为蛋白源配制成6种近似等蛋白等能的饵料,其中大豆浓缩蛋白在饵料中的含量分别为0、11%、22%、33%、44%和56%(分别替代鱼蛋白质量的0、18.64%、37.93%、56.90%、77.19%和100%),对照饵料全部以鱼粉作为蛋白源。用上述6种饵料喂养中华绒螯蟹50 d后,测定蟹肝胰腺各种消化酶活力。结果表明:随着饵料中大豆浓缩蛋白含量的升高,胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活力均呈降低之势。当大豆浓缩蛋白含量达到44%时,与全鱼粉对照组相比,胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活力显著性降低(P<0.05);同时,淀粉酶稍呈升高之势,而纤维素酶则稍呈降低的趋势;A/T比例呈显著上升的趋势,当大豆浓缩蛋白含量达44%时,与对照组有显著性差异,说明河蟹对植物蛋白有很强的适应性。     

East Asian summer monsoon intensity inferred from iron oxide mineralogy in the Xiashu Loess in southern China

The Xiashu Loess, in comparison to the well-studied loess sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP), provides a good opportunity for studying East Asian monsoon variations from a southern China perspective. Here we present a study of the iron oxide mineralogy of the Xiashu Loess using integrated geochemical and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) measurements as well as magnetic data. Our results show that the free iron oxide (Fe_d) to total iron (Fe_t) ratio (Fe_d/Fe_t), hematite (Hm) to goethite (Gt) ratio (Hm/Gt) and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) to magnetic susceptibility (χ) ratio (SIRM/χ) all indicate particularly strong summer monsoons during the formation of paleosols PS5 and PS4 (equivalent to Marine Isotope Stage 13 and 11, respectively). However, magnetic susceptibility and Fe_d/Fe_t are not consistently reliable indicators of summer monsoon intensity for the whole section. Our results indicate that a multi-proxy approach can give a more reliable summer monsoon intensity reconstruction. The summer monsoon shows a cooling trend and a declining of precipitation from 0.5 to ～0.3 Ma, after which it becomes warmer and wetter towards the top of paleosol PS1 (equivalent to MIS 5). However, PS1 was formed under a relatively cooler temperature and wetter soil conditions in comparison to PS5 and PS4. Such supra-orbital variations in the East Asian summer monsoon superimposed on the effects of glacial–interglacial cycles in southern China are also reflected in the 0.4–0.5 Ma cycle of marine carbon isotopes in the global ocean, possibly indicating a strong link between terrestrial weathering and the global carbon cycle.