Regional population redistribution in the USSR: 1979-84

"The primary purpose of this paper is to assess very broadly the regional growth and redistribution of the total, urban and rural populations of the USSR, as well as aggregate, regional and city size patterns of urbanization for the 1979-84 period. In order to investigate the continuity or reversal of trends, comparisons with preceding intercensal periods will also be undertaken, particularly with the 1970-79 period." It is found that "regional rates of population change between 1979 and 1984 were generally lower than those of 1970-79, primarily due to a general decline in natural increase rates. In addition, regional variations in rates of population change for the 1979-84 period were similar to those of the 1970-79 period.... The USSR has apparently reversed its long-term trend of deconcentration in the sense that the population as a whole is becoming more concentrated again, but this time in a new area of concentration, Central Asia, which is now the most populous economic region."     

中川地区一次负地闪的起始过程研究

利用ＧＰＳ同步的多点慢天线电场变化仪在甘肃中川地雷暴过程中测量得到的资料,对一次负地闪的起始过程进行了分析。发现地闪产和在击发之前常有持续１７０－３００ｍｓ的去２内放电过程发生,它可有数据不等的Ｋ变化组成。     

石油地化中测定痕量元素的仪器中子活化分析法与感应耦合等离子体…

本文对测定原油、石油馏分和源岩沥青中痕量元素的ＩＮＡＡ法与ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ法进行了比较。多种原油测定结果表明，对许多有重要地球化学意义的元素，两种方法都能测定，且测定结果有良好的一致性。对于另外一些元素两种方法可互为补充。本文还对地化勘探程序中的ＩＮＡＡ和ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ法的优缺点进行了比较，并举出了应用实例。     

The Characteristics of Ground Flashes in Beijing and Lanzhou Regions

Over twenty thousand lightning location data obtained by using Lightning Location System(LLS) from Lanzhou and Beijing regions have been analysed to ascertain the characteristics of ground flashes in both regions. The strength of positive flashes is 5 times higher in Lanzhou than in Beijing. The strength of positive flashes is 3 times and 2.2 times as large as negative flashes in Beijing and in Lanzhou respectively. It has been found that the strength of positive and negative flashes is submitted to the normal distribution, and is independent of the characteristics of thunderstorm. So the lightning strength obtained by DF may be used to forecast the coming of thunderstorm. Although the stroke number in both regions decreases as exponent regulation, the maximum number of return stroke for one lightning in Beijing is more than that in Lanzhou. The peak flash rate occurs in late afternoon for both regions, but the maximum and minimum flash rate appeared an hour earlier in Beijing than in Lanzhou.The relati     

Achieving environmentally relevant organochlorine pesticide concentrations in eggs through maternal exposure in Alligator mississippiensis

Alligator mississippiensis eggs from organochlorine pesticide (OCP) contaminated sites in Florida exhibit high rates of embryonic mortality compared to reference sites (P < 0.05). The objective of the present study was to use captive adult alligators to test the hypotheses that maternal exposure to OCPs results in increased OCP concentrations in eggs, and that increased exposure is associated with increased embryonic mortality. A total of 24 adult alligators (8 males and 16 females) were housed in eight pens. Eight females in four pens were dosed with a mixture of p,p'-DDE, toxaphene, dieldrin, and chlordane at a rate of 0.2+/-0.01 mg/kg/day for 274+/-8 days. Treated females produced eggs containing higher OCP concentrations (12,814+/-813 ng/g yolk) than controls (38+/-4 ng/g yolk). Eggs of treated females exhibited decreased viability (13+/-22%) as compared to controls (45+/-20%). Results indicated that 0.6% of administered OCPs were maternally transferred to the eggs of American alligators, and that maternal exposure is associated with decreased egg/embryo viability in this species.     

高原地区云对地闪电首次回击的光谱研究

用无狭缝光栅摄谱仪,获得了青海西宁地区云对地闪电首次回击过程400～700nm波 长范围的光谱,并首次在闪电的单次回击光谱中记录到了波长为604.6nm和619.4nm的谱线. 将原子结构的理论应用于闪电光谱的研究,用多组态Dirac Fock方法,计算了有关光谱线 的 波长、振子强度以及相应的激发态能量等参数,理论与试验观测资料进行比较分析后发现, 高原地区闪电首次回击光谱的结构及跃迁特性与其他地区有明显的区别,除NII离子n=3 的低 激发态产生的跃迁谱线外,激发能量为13～14eV左右的中性NI和OI的跃迁增多,但很难观测 到OII离子的跃迁谱线.     

云闪放电通道的光谱及温度特性

利用无狭缝光栅摄谱仪在西藏地区进行了自然闪电的光谱观测试验,首次拍得了7幅分辨比较清晰的云闪通道的光谱,并与地闪光谱相对比,对云闪光谱的结构特征进行了分析．结果表明,这些云闪光谱显示出两种不同的结构特征：一类与地闪光谱具有相似的谱线结构,而另一类与以往得到的地闪光谱完全不同．同时,与同一地区的地闪光谱相比,在这些云闪光谱中记录到的激发能较高的OII离子谱线比较多．依据谱线波长和相对强度等信息,计算了放电通道的温度,并对通道不同位置处的温度分布进行了分析．从光谱结构和通道温度的特征推断：与地闪相比,在一次闪击过程中,云闪通道内发生的物理过程变化速度更快、变化范围更大;两类光谱对应的云闪通道放电特性有一定的差异．