应用卫星资料分析和预报热带气旋强度的方法

1.引言利用卫星云图监视热带风暴差不多有20年的历史了。1963年首次提出利用云图确定风暴强度的方法,当时是根据风暴云的形状以及它的云带和眼的外貌来确定强度。六十年代后期开始,一天已有几次的云图用来观察热带气旋,极轨卫星上的红外探测设备开始提供昼夜的观测,而早期的地球静止卫星提供白天时刻的连续监视,用卫星云图分析其强度。但是风暴云的特征与它的强度之间的关系,随时间有很大的变化,而且其特征的短时间的波动很大,有时足以模糊风暴发展的总趋势。单用一张云图做分析时,往往会使强度估计产生很大的误差。为了解决这个问题,提出了根据一系列云图特征,而不是仅仅依靠一张云图特征来估计每天强度的技术。     

还我分析！

我们这一代的预报员和气象员认为搞分析是理所当然的事。我们已忘记了,在刚参加工作时由于工作不合要求曾经是如何地苦恼,也忘记了只是在辛苦地分析了几百张图之后才达到了技术合格的要求。我们从来没有有意识地想过“分析”这个技术包括哪些内容和怎样才能保持这一技术。我们考虑这是因为我和我的同事们都已经掌握它了,所以既不感到它特别可贵,也不觉得它特别困难,尽管我记得有一次我曾因一位卓越的高空大气物理学家竟不懂简单的平流层臭氧观测方法而困惑不解。自1960年天气卫星问世以来,它提供前所未有的观测纪录给分析员带来了极好的机会,能把分析技巧运用于这个奇妙的新要素场,可以大大提高分析水     

Comparison of manual and automatic methods for measurement of methane emission from rice paddy fields

The methane emission flux from rice paddies was simultaneously measured with automatic and manual methods in the suburban of Suzhou. Both methods were based on the static chamber/ GC-FID techniques. Detail analysis of the experimental results indicates: a) The data of methane emission measured with the automatic method is reliable. b) About 11 or 19 o’clock of local time is recommended as the optimum sampling time for the manual spot measurement of methane emission from rice paddies. The methane emission fluxes measured by manual sampling at local time other than the optimum time have to be corrected. The correction coefficient may be determined by automatic and continuous measurement. c) In order to get a more accurate result, an empirical correction factor, such as 18%, is recommended to correct the seasonally total amount of measured methane emission by enlarging the au-tomatically measured data or reducing the manually measured ones.     

澳大利亚前寒武系和寒武系迭层石的分布

前言我们在澳大利亚工作的目的是检验苏联迭层石分类及其分带方案(Scheme)的可靠性。我们发现他们的分类,如在别处讨论过的一样,在我们的迭层石中一般是可应用的。我们尽可能广泛地获得了迭层石在地理和时代(temporal)上分布范围的资料。普里斯(1971)对阿得累德(Adelaide)地槽前寒武纪和寒武纪迭层石作了详细的地层和岩相研究。沃尔特(1970,1972)研究了阿马德斯(Amadeus)、乔治纳(Georgina)、麦卡阿瑟     

OBSERVATIONS ON THE QUATERNARY GEOLOGY OF THE LADAKH RANGE, NORTHWEST INDIAN HIMALAYA

OBSERVATIONS ON THE QUATERNARY GEOLOGY OF THE LADAKH RANGE, NORTHWEST INDIAN HIMALAYA     

Study on the Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Sea Cucumber(Paracaudina chinens var.) Gelatin Hydrolysate

Gelatin from the sea cucumber(Paracaudina chinens var.) was hydrolyzed by bromelain and the hydrolysate was found to have a high free radical scavenging activity. The hydrolysate was fractionated through an ultrafiltration membrane with 5 kDa molecular weight cutoff(MWCO). The portion(less than 5 kDa) was further separated by Sephadex G-25. The active peak was col-lected and assayed for free radical scavenging activity. The scavenging rates for superoxide anion radicals(O2·-) and hydroxyl radi-cals(·OH) of the fraction with the highest activity were 29.02% and 75.41%,respectively. A rabbit liver mitochondrial free radical damage model was adopted to study the free radical scavenging activity of the fraction. The results showed that the sea cucumber gelatin hydrolysate can prevent the damage of rabbit liver and mitochondria.     

Expression of the Phycoerythrin Gene of Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) in E. coli and Evaluation of the Bioactivity of Recombinant PE

Phycoerythrin (PE) is one of the most important proteins involved in light capturing during photosynthesis in red algae. Its potential biological activities had gained wide concerns. In the present study, tumor cytotoxic and hydroxyl radical assay were preformed to detect the bioactivity of recombinant PE. Recombinant plasmids pGEX-PE and pBGL were transformed into E.coli BL21 to make two recombinant strains BEX (pGEX-PE) and BGL (pBGL). PE expressing in BEX (pGEX-PE) was validated by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the PE-GST fusion protein was mostly inclusion bod- ies. Specific expression of PE was confirmed by Western blotting analysis. The recombinant E. coli BEX (pGEX-PE) cells were col- lected and sonicated. The supernatants were reserved for the tumor cytotoxic experiments. The result of tumor cytotoxic assay indi- cated that the supernatants containing PE had the activity of inhibiting the growth of Hela cells and with the increase of protein con- centration, the inhibiting rate increased from 37.31% to 63.26%, which showed significant difference from the control. Hydroxyl radical scavenging effect was tested with supernatants of BEX (pGEX-PE) and BGL (pBGL) cell lysates treated with sonication and heating. For the sonication samples, the scavenging rates of the supernatants of BEX (pGEX-PE) and BGL (pBGL) cell lysates were significantly higher than the negative control BL21(pGEX-4T) (P<0.02), and the scavenging rates increased slowly following the increase of the protein content. For the heating samples, except for the 0.2 mg mL-1 BGL (pBGL) products, the scavenging effects of the supernatants of BEX (pGEX-PE) and BGL (pBGL) cell lysates were stronger than that of negative control BL21(pGEX-4T). However, the effect intensity was not positively correlated with the increase of the protein concentration. Though a partially de- creased hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was led by heating, the biological activity was still retained and conspicuous. This re- search showed that phycoerythrin protein expressing in E. coli has the potential medical and sanitarian value.     

A Metallogenic Model of Gold Deposits of the Jiaodong Granite-Greenstone Belt

An analysis of trace elements and isotopic geochemistry suggest that the ore-forming materials of gold deposits in the Jiaodong granite-greenstone belt have multiple sources, especially the mantle source. Seismic wave, magnetic and gravity fields show that the crust-mantle structure and its coupling mechanism are the fundamental dynamic causes for the exchange and accumulation of materials and energy in the metallogenic system. Considering the evolution history of the structural setting, the tectono-metallogenic dynamics model of the area can be summarized as follows: (1) occurrence of the greenstone belt during the Archean-Proterozoic-the embryonic form of Au-source system; (2) stable tectonic setting in the Paleozoic-an intermittence in gold mineralization; (3) intensive activation and reformation of the greenstone belt in the Mesozoic-tectono-mineralization and tectono-diagensis; (4) posthumous structural activity in the Cenozoic-destruction of orebodies in the later stage. In the middle and late Ind