单一地震事件与多个地震事件的定位方法及应用

主要介绍各种地震定位方法,概述各种地震定位方法的基本原理,重点介绍Geiger的经典方法以及在此基础上建立的各种线性方法:单一地震事件定位法与多个地震事件定位法以及对每一种地震定位方法的应用情况,尤其是国内的应用情况做了总结;同时指出各种方法的特点,并进行相应的比较.     

数字地震台网文件自动传输系统的设计

为完善数字地震台网数据服务处理功能,使用DOS脚本及汇编语言,设计开发了网络文件自动传输系统--AFTFRSD Version 1.0,每天完成前台机地震实时数据自动传输到后台机.本系统可应用于各省数字地震台网中心.     

南天山西段南缘断裂构造特征及对乌什凹陷发育的控制

乌什凹陷位于南天山西段以南,新生代受南天山崛起的陆内造山作用制约,与库车坳陷有相同的成盆动力学背景。因乌什凹陷南有温宿凸起阻挡了挤压应力的传播,东与库车坳陷间有北西向的构造变换带(西秋里塔格构造带)所隔,新生代变形与库车地区有不同的特征。以吉迪克组的泥岩层为滑脱面,乌什凹陷的中-新生界可分为上、下两个构造层,总体看上构造层以背冲构造为特征,下构造层则发育基底卷入的对冲构造。乌什凹陷的这一变形特征还与新生代挤压应力场自东向西迁移和走滑作用吸收了部分冲断变形有关,反映了南天山新生代构造对海西-印支期碰撞构造的继承性。文章简述了南天山造山带的构造演化,介绍了乌什凹陷周缘的主要断裂的特征,恢复了乌什凹陷中-新生代的演化并与库车坳陷进行了对比。在此基础上探讨了乌什凹陷的成盆动力学机制,分析了乌什凹陷与南天山造山带的耦合演化,指出该区的油气勘探应以三叠系为主要目的层。     

Facies character and geochemical signature in the late Quaternary meteoric diagenetic carbonate succession at the Xisha Islands,South China Sea

The late Quaternary shallow-water carbonates have been altered by a variety of diagenetic processes, and further influenced by high-amplitude global and regional sea level changes. This study utilizes a new borehole drilled on the Yongxing Island, Xisha Islands to investigate meteoric diagenetic alteration in the late Quaternary shallowwater carbonates. Petrographic, mineralogical, stable isotopic and elemental data provide new insights into the meteoric diagenetic processes of the reef limestone. The results show the variation in the distribution of aragonite,high-Mg calcite(HMC) and low-Mg calcite(LMC) divides the shallow-water carbonates in Core SSZK1 into three intervals, which are Unit I(31.20–55.92 m, LMC), Unit II(18.39–31.20 m, aragonite and LMC) and Unit III(upper 18.39 m of core, aragonite, LMC and HMC). Various degrees of meteoric diagenesis exist in the identified three units. The lowermost Unit I has suffered almost complete freshwater diagenesis, whereas the overlying Units II and III have undergone incompletely meteoric diagenesis. The amount of time that limestone has been in the freshwater diagenetic environment has the largest impact on the degree of meteoric diagenesis. Approximately four intact facies/water depth cycles are recognized. The cumulative depletion of elements such as strontium(Sr),sodium(Na) and sulphur(S) caused by duplicated meteoric diagenesis in the older reef sequences are distinguished from the younger reef sequences. This study provides a new record of meteoric diagenesis, which is well reflected by whole-rock mineralogy and geochemistry.     

Settlements of saturated clean sand deposits in shaking table tests

Shaking table tests were conducted on saturated clean Vietnam sand in the large biaxial laminar shear box (1880 mm×1880 mm×1520 mm) at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE), Taiwan. The settlement of sand specimens was measured and evaluated during and after each shaking test. Without liquefaction, the settlement of sand caused by shaking is very small. Significant volume changes occur only when there is liquefaction of sand. The volumetric strain of liquefied sand was calculated according to the measured settlement and the thickness of liquefied sand in the specimen. Relations between volumetric strain after liquefaction and the relative density of saturated clean sand were developed for various shaking durations and earthquake magnitudes. They are not affected by the shaking amplitude, frequency, and direction (one- or multidirectional shaking).     

Intergranular coesite and coesite inclusions in dolomite from the Dabie Shan: Constraints on the preservation of coesite in UHP rocks

Intergranular coesite is extremely rare in, and bears crucial information on the formation and preservation of, ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) rocks. Here, we report the first occurrence of intergranular coesite in a metasedimentary rock, which occurs in the Ganjialing area in the Dabie Shan, east‐central China, and contains abundant coesite inclusions in both garnet and dolomite. We investigated the content of structural water in these minerals with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Our new results undermine the ubiquity of the “pressure‐vessel” model and highlight the role of reaction kinetics in preserving coesite due to the availability of water in UHP rocks.     

论辽宁锦西杨家杖子杂岩体的岩浆成因演化及成矿作用

杨家杖子杂岩体中的二长闪长岩代表一种母岩浆,它是燕山早期库拉板块向欧亚板块下俯冲所产生的,并汇聚上升的安山质岩浆。粗粒似斑状二长花岗岩、细粒似斑状二长花岗岩和(碱长)花岗斑岩是二长闪长岩浆在7km深、弱还原环境、氧逸度为10~(-8)～10~(-10)Pa、1200°～1250℃的岩浆房中经结晶分异作用的派生物。以后,这些岩浆相继上侵,定位于2.5km深处。由这些岩浆岩侵入体所引起的镁夕卡岩、钙夕卡岩和岩浆期后酸性热液淋滤蚀变非常发育。只有来自细粒似斑状二长花岗岩和(碱长)花岗斑岩岩浆、富含Mo的酸性热液沿着裂隙侵入夕卡岩中,在240～330℃时,才形成Mo矿床。此种酸性热液也沿着裂隙侵入细粒似斑状二长花岗岩和(碱长)花岗斑岩中,而形成细脉浸染Mo矿床。因此,杨家杖子Mo矿床属于斑岩-夕卡岩型。     

热解石墨坩埚的应用

本文介绍本院研制的热解石墨坩埚的特性和应用情况。该坩埚具有纯度高、致密、耐高温、耐强酸强碱腐蚀、易洗涤等特点,已广泛应用于矿物、建材、玻璃等方面试样的前处理。与铂、银、镍、刚玉、石英等坩埚比较,具有引入杂质少成本低等优点。     

关于氡测量标定装置(氡室)和测量单位的统一

本文介绍了作者研制的8505—I型氡室,该氡室可用于准确和快速标定多种测氡装置。作者提出了相应的标定方法,并测定了野外常用的10种氡探测器的标定系数。根据法定计量单位选用了贝克(Bq)和贝克/升(Bq/L)。相应作为各种氡测量的[放射性]活度单位和氡浓度单位。