三道河水库浮游生物现状及其鱼产力的估算

本文报道1990年对三道河水库浮游生物现存量和浮游植物初级生产量的凋查结果。经初步鉴定,该水库浮蝣植物有8门39属,其中以绿藻门种类最多,占总属数的49％,其次为蓝藻和硅藻;浮游动物为37属,其中原生动物12属,轮虫13属,枝角类7属,桡足类5属。经测算,三道河水库1990年4—10月浮游植物数量和生物量分别为1139ind./L和2.085mg/L,浮游动物数量和生物量则分别为1253ind./L和1.327mg/L。浮游植物初级毛生产量平均为3.950g O_2/m~2·d。根据估算,该水库鲢鳙鱼产力为15×10~4kg左右。     

边角后方交会定点的多值问题

应用数学推证和几何作图两种方法,证明了边角后方交会法定成可能存在多值问题,并给出了一种能得以特定单值点位的测算方案。     

2011年云南盈江Ms5.8地震及其余震序列重定位

使用川滇地区三维走时表和三维速度模型,利用单纯形法对2011年3月10日云南盈江Ms5.8地震进行了重新定位.震中位置为97.901°E,24.677°N;震源深度13.1 km.使用双差定位方法对其余震序列进行了重定位.余震呈现明显的时空分布特征:余震主要分布在大盈江断裂的两侧及中段和北东段的转折处,余震带长度约12...     

冀东柳赞油田古近系沙河街组层序地层及岩相古地理?

柳赞油田位于河北省滦南县与唐海县交界处,是冀东油田的主力油田之一。构造上处于燕山褶皱带前缘，渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷的东部。受柏各庄断层活动及古斜坡地形的影响，该区古近系沙三段地层属于近源快速堆积沉积，分选差，成熟度低，岩相复杂，为典型的扇三角洲沉积。通过对沉积特征和沉积相带展布的分析，建立了工区扇三角洲的沉积模式。以层序地层学原理和方法为手段，应用测井和三维地震资料，通过不整合面、湖泛面等层序界面和沉积旋回的识别，将柳赞油田沙河街组地层划分为4个准层序组，12个准层序，建立了高分辨率的层序地层格架，分析了准层序在垂向上的叠置样式，把准层序组归纳为进积式和退积式两种类型，确定了优质储层在准层序和准层序组中出现的位置及分布规律。论文在分析沙河街组沉积时期古地形、古气候与古生态特征的基础上，应用砂岩厚度等值线图，恢复了柳赞油田古近系沙河街组岩相古地理面貌。研究表明，工区内发育扇三角洲前缘亚相，分支水道是主要的砂体微相，砂体沿北东－南西向延伸，与古物源方向基本一致。     

阿拉善盟“4·24”强沙尘暴天气过程分析

应用基本气象资料,对2010年4月24—25日阿拉善盟强沙尘暴天气过程进行了天气和动力诊断分析。结果表明:气旋后部有强冷暖空气交汇,造成水平温度梯度增大,从而加大了垂直切变偏差风。同时,强变压梯度和强斜压性形成了变压风,引起了不稳定能量的释放,从而引发地面大风,产生强沙尘暴。高空急流的活动会促使下沉运动,有利于地面气旋加强,造成低层辐合,高层辐散,非常有利于对流的发生与发展。     

气候变化对我国江南双季稻生产可能影响的数值模拟研究

在利用田间试验资料对双季稻生长动力（态）模拟模型进行验证的基础上,将基于GCMs的输出和历史气候资料相结合的气候变化情景与双季稻模式相连接,就气候变暖对我国江南双季稻主产区水稻生产的可能影响进行网格化定量模拟和客观评估,并就调整对策（改变播种日期和种植品种）在减缓气候变暖对双季稻生产影响中的作用作了初步的探讨。结果表明,在未来可能的气候变化情景下,若维持目前的品种和生产技术措施,双季稻产量将有不同程度的下降。产量变化的地域分布既有一定的规律性,又体现出气候变化影响的复杂性。适应对策分析表明,改种长生育期的     

Bivariate frequency analysis of nonstationary low‐flow series based on the time‐varying copula

Many studies have analysed the nonstationarity in single hydrological variables due to changing environments. Yet, few researches have been done to investigate how the dependence structure between different individual hydrological variables is affected by changing environments. To investigate how the reservoirs have altered the dependence structure between river flows at different locations on the Hanjiang River, a time‐varying copula model, which takes the nonstationarity in the marginal distribution and/or the time variation in dependence structure between different hydrological series into consideration, is presented in this paper to perform a bivariate frequency analysis for the low‐flow series from two neighbouring hydrological gauges. The time‐varying moments model with either time or reservoir index as explanatory variables is applied to build the time‐varying marginal distributions of the two low‐flow series. It's found that both marginal distributions are nonstationary, and the reservoir index yields better performance than the time index in describing the nonstationarities in the marginal distributions. Then, the copula with the dependence parameter expressed as a function of either time or reservoir index is applied to model the variable dependence between the two low‐flow series. The copula with reservoir index as the explanatory variable of the dependence parameter has a better fitting performance than the copula with the constant or the time‐trend dependence parameter. Finally, the effect of the time variation in the joint distribution on three different types of joint return periods (i.e. AND, OR and Kendall) of low flows at two neighbouring hydrological gauges is presented. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Study on the Forming Conditions of Basalts in Seamounts of the South China Sea

Volcanic rocks in seamounts of the South China Sea consist mainly of alkali basalt, tholeiitic basalt, trachyandesitic pumice, dacite, etc. Inclusions in the minerals of the volcanic rocks are mainly amorphous melt inclusions, which reflects that the volcanic rocks are characterized by submarine eruption and rapid cooling on the seafloor. Furthermore, fluid-melt inclusions have been discovered for the first time in alkali basalts and mantle-derived xenoliths. indicating a process of differentiation between magma and fluid in the course of mantle partial melting. Alkali basalts and inclusions may have been formed in this nonhomogeneous system. Rock-forming temperatures of four seamounts were estimated as follows: the Zhongnan seamount alkali basalt 1155 ∼ 1185 °C; the Xianbei seamount alkali basalt 960 ∼ 1200 °C; tholeiitic basalt 1040 ∼ 1230 °C; the Daimao seamount tholeiitic basalt 1245 ∼ 1280 °C; and the Jianfeng seamount trachyandestic pumice 880 ∼ 1140 °C. Equilibrium pressures of alkali basalts in the Zhongnan and Xianbei seamounts are 13.57 and 8.8 × 10⁸ Pa, respectively. Pyroxene equilibrium temperatures of mantle xenoliths from the Xianbei seamount were estimated at 1073 ∼ 1121 °C, and pressures at (15.58 ∼ 22.47)×10⁸Pa, suggesting a deep-source (e.g. the asthenosphere) for the alkali basalts. This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Guangzhou Marine Geology Survey.     

川西坳陷中段中侏罗统沙溪庙组碎屑组分特征对物源的约束

为了深入探讨川西坳陷中段中侏罗统沙溪庙组的物源及其源区属性,应用碎屑岩碎屑组分特征及其Dickinson三角投点特征对研究区物源及其源区属性进行了深入讨论。结果表明,研究区东北部的中江、新都等地具有低石英、高长石特征,属于切割岛弧、基底隆起、过渡大陆的构造背景,而研究区西部的鸭子河、孝泉等地区具有高石英、低长石特征,且具有相对高的变质岩岩屑,属于再旋回造山带的构造背景。结合沙溪庙组沉积时期周缘造山带的演化特征,认为研究区东北部的中江、新都等地区物源主要来自北部的米仓山-大巴山,而西部的鸭子河、孝泉等地区物源主要来自西部的龙门山。     

中国海相层序油气地质个性与勘探策略

中国海相地层的油气勘探直至近几年才获得重大突破,原因在于中国的海相油气地质的复杂性。中国古大陆板块的个性造就了中国海相盆地演化的多旋回性,由此形成烃源岩热成熟度高、目的层埋深大、保存条件差等个性。海相油气藏多具有多期次充注—调整改造—再充注的特点,且以气藏为主。中国海相油气勘探的策略应是以有效烃源岩、储集层及保存条件评价为基础,立足于古隆起发育区、海陆过渡相生储盖发育区、有效烃源岩与大面积储层的叠合区勘探,加强基础地质、地震、测井等综合研究,以提高勘探目标的预测性。