局部海洋磁力异常图的Coons曲面重构

针对地磁导航中地磁图的精化与制备的问题,采用了一种在地形拟合中使用的Coons曲面模型方法。探讨了使用不同的已知点数和边界曲线方法时Coons曲面的精度变化。针对某测区海洋地磁异常数据进行了实验,并与常用的Taylor多项式和Kriging插值两种方法进行了对比。由实验结果看出其精度优于其他两种方法,为在进行地磁匹配导航时得到更为精细的地磁图提供了一种参考方法。     

Trimble GNSS数据后处理引擎(PPE)在GPS中-短基线定位中的应用分析

美国Trimble公司研发的GNSS数据后处理引擎(PPE),为高精度GPS数据解算提供了一种新的可能方式.详细分析适用PPE处理的条件(基线长度、数据时长),并与GAMIT软件解算结果进行对比,以验证PPE引擎处理的精度及可靠性,对PPE的推广应用具有较大的参考价值.     

基于遥感影像变化检测技术的地形图更新

在总结现有地形图更新方案的基础上,对遥感影像变化检测技术进行分析,在选定的试验区域进行基于遥感影像变化检测技术的更新采集试验,并对试验结果作定性及定量分析,提出基于遥感影像变化检测技术的地形图更新方法。     

基于地理信息系统的空间认知

地理信息系统作为地图的扩展和延伸,为人们进行空间认知提供了更为有力的工具。文章总结了地理信息系统的特点和应用方式,分析了用户使用地理信息系统的认知过程,得出了地理信息系统认知的一般规律。为在地理信息系统中的空间信息表达和认知提供了理论依据。     

基于GPRS的监控软件和网站的设计与实现

针对野外恶劣自然环境条件制约冻土温度现场采集和远程监控的问题,本文设计和开发基于通用分组无线业务(GPRS)的冻土实时监控软件和监控中心网站。冻土远程实时监控软件实现野外冻土温度数据的自动采集、实时显示、数据存储和远程控制等功能,降低数据采集的成本,提高数据采集的效率,已经成功应用于野外现场监控。配套开发的监控中心网站将冻土温度数据发布至Internet网络,解决冻土数据共享问题,扩大冻土温度监控的范围,实现多用户的实时数据远程监控。     

Integrated navigation system and experiment of a low-cost and low-accuracy SINS/GPS

When SINS (strap-down inertial navigation system) is combined with GPS, the observability of the course angle is weak. Although the course angle error is improved to some extent through Kalman filtering, the course angle still assumes a divergent trend. This trend is aggravated further when using low-cost and low-accuracy SINS. In order to restrain this trend, a method that uses AHRS to substitute for SINS course angle information is put forward aimed at the hardware component characteristic of the low-cost and low-accuracy SINS including AHRS (attitude and heading reference system) and IMU (inertial measurement unit). Real static and dynamic experiments show that the method can restrain the divergent trend of the navigation system angle effectively, and the positioning accuracy is high.     

Integrated data processing method for GPS and INS field test over Rocky Mountain

The method of integrated data processing for GPS and INS(inertial navigation system) field test over the Rocky Mountains using the adaptive Kalman filtering technique is presented. On the basis of the known GPS outputs and the offset of GPS and INS, state equations and observations are designed to perform the calculation and improve the navigation accuracy. An example shows that with the method the reliable navigation parameters have been obtained.     

A 3-dimensional data model for visualizing cloverleaf junction in a city model

The research work has been seldom done about cloverleaf junction expression in a 3-dimensional city model (3DCM). The main reason is that the cloverleaf junction is often in a complex and enormous construction. Its main body is bestraddle in air, and has aerial intersections between its parts. This complex feature made cloverleaf junction quite different from buildings and terrain, therefore, it is difficult to express this kind of spatial objects in the same way as for buildings and terrain. In this paper, authors analyze spatial characteristics of cloverleaf junction, propose an all-constraint points TIN algorithm to partition cloverleaf junction road surface, and develop a method to visualize cloverleaf junction road, surface using TIN. In order to manage cloverleaf junction data efficiently, the authors also analyzed the mechanism of 3DCM data management, extended BLOB type in relational database, and combined R-tree index to manage 3D spatial data. Based on this extension, an appropriate data structure for cloverleaf junction in 3DCM is proposed.     

The Impact of Tibetan Plateau Snow Cover on the Summer Temperature in Central Asia

The current work examines the impact of the snow cover extent (SCE) of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) on the interannual variation in the summer (June?July?August) surface air temperature (SAT) over Central Asia (CA) (SAT_CA) during the 1979?2019 period. The leading mode of the summer SAT_CA features a same-sign temperature anomalies in CA and explains 62% of the total variance in SAT_CA. The atmospheric circulation associated with a warming SAT_CA is characterized by a pronounced high-pressure system dominating CA. The high-pressure system is accompanied by warm advection as well as descending motion over CA, favoring the warming of the SAT_CA. Analysis shows that the interannual variation in the summer SAT_CA is significantly positively correlated with the April SCE over the central-eastern TP. In April, higher than normal SCE over the central-eastern TP has a pronounced cooling effect on the column of the atmosphere above the TP and can persist until the following early summer. Negative and positive height anomalies appear above and to the west of the TP. In the following months, the perturbation forcing generated by the TP SCE anomalies lies near the western center of the Asian subtropical westerly jet (SWJ), which promotes atmospheric waves in the zonal direction guided by the Asian SWJ. Associated with this atmospheric wave, in the following summer, a significant high-pressure system dominates CA, which is a favorable condition for a warm summer SAT_CA.     

海水硝酸盐氮、氧同位素组成研究进展

海洋中氮的生物地球化学循环影响着海洋生态系统的结构和功能,并和全球气候变化有着密切的联系,一直是海洋科学研究的重点和热点。海水硝酸盐的15N/14N和18O/16O比值可以反映海洋中氮循环的主要过程,因而成为研究海洋氮循环的一个重要手段。综述海水硝酸盐氮、氧同位素组成的测定方法,同化吸收作用、硝化作用、反硝化作用、生物固氮作用等氮循环过程所导致的氮、氧同位素分馏及其在海洋学研究中的应用。海洋生态系中硝酸盐氮、氧同位素的分布可以提供支持生物生产力的氮来源信息,以及氮在不同储库迁移转化的路径与机制。未来的研究需要发展适用于低含量硝酸盐的同位素测量方法,构筑海洋氮的收支平衡,掌握影响上层海洋硝酸盐氮、氧同位素变化的过程,获取全球海域有关硝酸盐氮、氧同位素组成的更多数据。