Artificial upwelling in regular and random waves

Mathematical modeling conducted in this study evaluated the hydrodynamic performance of a wave-driven artificial upwelling device in ocean waves off the Hawaiian islands. The device consisted of a buoy (4.0 m in diameter) and a tail pipe (1.2 m in diameter, 300 m in length) with a flow controlling valve. Random ocean waves off the Hawaiian islands used in the device's modeling analysis were synthesized from a wave spectrum obtained from available data. For comparison, the device's performance was also evaluated in regular waves whose height and period are the same as the significant wave height and wave period of random Hawaiian waves. Modeling results indicated that an upwelling flow of 0.95 m³/sec can be generated by this device in random Hawaiian waves and an upwelling flow rate of 0.45 m³/sec can be generated in regular waves. A simple mathematical model which assumed that the device exactly follows the incident waves was used in previous studies. Analysis results also indicated that the simple model cannot satisfactorily simulate the relative velocity and acceleration of the water column in the device. Since the relative velocity and acceleration are important factors in determining the rate of upwelling flow, the simple model must be applied with caution.     

对合成2,4,6-三异丙基-1,3,5-三氧杂环已烷的改进(英文)

报道一种以环已烷为溶剂由异丁醛经环化三聚合成2,4,6-三异丙基-1,3,5三氧杂环已烷的方法。与苯作溶剂的方法相比,其优点是产物的收率高、毒性低。同时提出一种异丁醛环化三聚的反应机理。     

海洋资源的化学XX盐化工废弃物高低温盐有效利用的研究

报道利用盐化工废弃物高低温盐制取无机阻燃剂氢氧化镁和具有广泛用途的氟硅酸钠的几种新方法。本文采用沉淀法，使高低温盐中的Ｍｇ２＋、Ｎａ＋得以有效的利用，其利用率可达１００％     

Numerical modeling of wind and waves for Typhoon Betty (8710)

Ｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌ　ｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇ　ｏｆ　ｗｉｎｄ　ａｎｄ　ｗａｖｅｓ　ｆｏｒ　ＴｙｐｈｏｏｎＢｅｔｔｙ（８７１０）TXＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｍｏｄｅｌｉｎｇｏｆｗｉｎｄａｎｄｗａｖｅｓｆｏｒＴｙｐｈｏｏｎＢｅｔｔｙ（８７１０）ＹｕＷｅｉｄｏｎｇ，Ｑｉａ...     

Flow-Induced Vibration of A Nonlinearly Restrained Curved Pipe Conveying Fluid

Investigated in this study is the flow-induced vibration of a nonlinearly restrained curved pipe conveying fluid. The nonlinear equation of motion is derived by equilibrium of forces on microelement of the system under consideration. The spatial coordinate of the system is discretized by DQM (differential quadrature method). On the basis of the boundary conditions, the dynamic equation is solved by the Newton-Raphson iteration method. The numerical solutions reveal several complex dynamic motions for the variation of the fluid velocity parameter, such as limit cycle motion, buckling and so on. The result obtained also shows that the sub parameter regions corresponding to the several motions may change with the variation of some parameters of the curved pipe. The present study supplies a new reference for investigating the nonlinear dynamic response of some other structures.     

过硫酸钾氧化法测定水中总有机碳

根据《海洋监测规范》规定的总有机碳分析方法 ,利用HW 5 61 0非色散红外CO2 气体分析仪 ,设计制造成功总有机碳分析装置 ,对《海洋监测规范》的方法进行了根本的改进 ,方法成熟可靠。用该仪器和方法测定TOC ,检出限低于 0 .0 1mg/L ,重现性优于 1 % ,达到了与进口TOC分析仪相近的分析精度及再现性 ,而该TOC分析仪的制造成本仅相当于进口仪器价格的 1 / 1 0～ 1 / 5 ,值得海洋、河流、湖泊等有关监测和研究部门借鉴。     

Composite Stratigraphy of the Sailinhudong Group and Ore-bearing Micrite Mounds in the Bayan Obo Deposits,Inner Mongolia,China

Based on studies of sequence stratigraphy, event stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and lithostratigraphy, it is concluded that the Sailinhudong Group is a part of the Bayan Obo Group. Some trilobite fragments are first found in thin sections of the rock from the lower part of the Sailinhudong Group and some Ordovician acritarchs and chitinozoans are also found in this group. A formationa unit of carbonate seismites is first recognized in the upper part and a huge micrite mound is first identified at the top. Dolomite, the host rock of the super giant Bayan Obo Fe-Nb-REE deposits, is neither an igneous carbonatite nor a common bedded sedimentary carbonate, but a huge micrite mound. It has the same macroscopic characters as the micrite mounds at the top of the Sailinhudong Group, which suggests that they should be of the same horizon. According to the fossils, the Sailinhudong and Bayan Obo Groups should be of the Early Palaeozoic rather than the Middle Proterozoic. The new discovery and new idea will throw l     

Review of the Seabed Sediment Resuspension by Internal Solitary Wave

Internal Solitary Waves (ISWs) are nonlinear, large amplitude motions of the interface between two fluids with different densities in the stratified ocean. Because of their strong vertical and horizontal current velocity, and the vortex, turbulent mixing caused by breaking, they affect marine environment, seabed sediment and man-made structures in the ocean. In the paper, we systematically analyzed and summarized the ISW-induced shoaling break mechanisms, models of suspension, and seabed dynamical response. Then, we discussed the ISW-induced sediment resuspension criteria, forming bottom and intermediate nepheloid layer and the capacity to suspend sediments in the seabed, and further put forward the unsolved problems based on the conducted work and related achievements. In shallow seas with complex terrain variations, shoaling can cause ISWs to deform, break, and split. Studies on the propagation of ISWs of depression over sloping topography have shown that an adverse pressure gradient causes the rotation of the flow separation, which produces vortices, and this results in global instability of the boundary layer and ISW burst. The separation vortices increase the bottom shear stress, vertical velocity, and near-bottom Reynolds stress, which leads to sediment resuspension and transport in the flow and vortex core. Although episodic, ISW-induced resuspension is hypothesized to be important enough to shape the topography. Shoaling ISWs may erode, resuspend and transport mud-like sediments, first towards shore by boluses, and subsequently offshore through the generation of intermediate nepheloid layers. Shoaling ISWs might be an important mechanism of muddy sediment dispersal along continental shelves. Furthermore, recent hypotheses suggest that sediment mobilization and transport caused by internal waves in general, and ISWs in particular, may be at the origin of some sedimentary structures found in the sedimentary rock record and also the hummocky-cross stratification. Observed on-shelf propagating frontal ISW most likely interacts with the sand waves, sediment waves or sand dunes. ISWs contribute to their generation, as they are trailed by considerable shear-induced turbulence and high-frequency internal waves close to the buoyancy frequency. This work is of great value for further understanding the process of ISW-induced sediment resuspension, transportation, and the capacity to suspend sediments in the seabed. It helps further study of the dynamic process of marine ecological environment dynamic process by ISW and the deep sea sedimentation process.     

西天山查岗诺尔矿区构造变形研究:对阿吾拉勒成矿带构造控矿模式的启示

阿吾拉勒成矿带是西天山重要成矿带之一,经历了多期构造作用,并伴生多期成矿作用。本文对成矿带内查岗诺尔矿区及邻区构造变形特征以及变形序列精细解析,探讨构造变形对铁矿的成矿作用以及后期改造作用的影响,为西天山地区铁矿床成因和找矿方向提供新启示。野外构造观察发现,研究区断裂构造主要分为NW-NWW向高角度韧性-韧脆性走滑断层及逆冲推覆断层,以近EW向、近SN向为主的高角度共轭脆(韧)性走滑断层和近SN向脆性右行走滑断层。年代学研究表明,断层分别形成于燕山晚期-喜马拉雅早期、喜马拉雅中期和喜马拉雅晚期,均为成矿期-成矿期后的构造记录。早期高角度韧性-韧脆性走滑断层是区域性控矿构造,而逆冲推覆断层是矿区主导控制性构造;中期共轭脆(韧)性走滑断层对矿体具有较为强烈的破坏和改造作用;晚期脆性右行走滑断层对矿体影响较小。查岗诺尔和智博矿区的断裂构造主要表现为对矿体的破坏和改造作用,而在松湖和塔尔塔格矿区,韧性-韧脆性剪切带是主要的控矿构造。主矿脉与构造密切伴生,具体表现为与成矿作用密切相关的磁铁矿化、绿泥石绿帘石化、碳酸盐化等蚀变多沿构造裂隙发生。     

基于局地气候分区的济南市热环境空间分异及其 影响因素

城市地表覆被及空间结构不同,导致热岛效应不同,城市热环境存在空间差异。局地气候分区（LCZ）在城市热岛研究方面得到了广泛应用。合理划分LCZ、科学制定LCZ分类标准,是基于LCZ研究城市热岛的关键技术问题。本文基于济南市城市路网、DEM和建筑大数据划分LCZ,利用Landsat 8遥感影像反演地表温度,采用克里金法进行气温空间插值,以地表温度和气温综合表达城市热环境。在此基础上,采用方差分析方法研究了城市热环境的空间分异特征和LCZ类内热环境差异,采用相关分析方法研究了城市热环境的影响因素。结果表明：① 济南市地表温度和4:00、8:00、14:00的气温空间分布格局差异明显,存在较高温度异常值的LCZ数量分别占全市LCZ总数的0.25%、1.60%、4.05%和3.96%。建筑密集区域地表温度较高,同时包含分散的较高气温区,呈现热岛效应;② 不同类型LCZ的地表温度和不同时刻气温平均值存在明显差异。高层低密度、高层中密度、中层低密度等类型存在较高气温异常值的数量分别占较高异常值总数的47.37%和33.33%、9.65%,类内热岛效应明显;③ LCZ类型不同,类内热岛效应存在差异。低层低密度、中层低密度、高层低密度和高层中密度等类型所处位置高程不同,其方差分析的P值均小于0.05,热岛效应存在显著差异;④ LCZ所处位置高程不同,建筑空间分布指标对城市热环境的影响各异。总体而言,地表温度与建筑平均高度呈负相关,且达到了0.05以上的显著性水平,而气温与之呈正相关,且达到了0.001的显著性水平;城市热环境与建筑基底面积及建筑体积的平均值和标准差、建筑密度、容积率等指标的正相关性达到了0.001的显著性水平,这些指标对城市热环境的正向影响作用明显。