基于改进的数学形态学算法的LiDAR点云数据滤波

数学形态学在数字图像处理中有广泛的应用.首先介绍传统数学形态学算法的特点,对这一理论用于LiDAR点云数据滤波的不足进行了分析.在此基础上,对相应的算法进行扩展和改进,提出针对不同地形特点的自适应滤波算法.在数学形态学"开"算子的基础上,提出增加一个"带宽"参数用于点云数据滤波的方法.最后利用三组实际点云数据进行试验,以验证这一算法的有效性.     

基础地理信息时空数据库管理系统的应用及其测试

地理信息具有空间分布特性和时态特性,地理信息数据的快速更新已成为目前研究热点。本文首先通过建立大庆高新技术开发区基础地理信息时空数据库管理系统的应用实例,从数据的收集、组织与处理、数据库建立等过程进行详细的阐述,并实现了数据库的动态关联与更新、时空回溯以及动态可视化等。最后通过对系统功能模块的应用分析,提出对系统软件测试的测评建议。该应用数据库管理系统的建立,为基础地理信息动态数据库的建设提供一个比较完整的解决方案,也为今后的应用推广提供必要的技术支持和基础保障。     

高速公路地籍调查技术和方案的探讨

对广靖、锡澄高速公路地籍调查的工作依据和技术方案进行了阐述;并对带状地块的地籍调查工作方法、土地权属界线的确定、土地他项权利的确定、地籍测量、土地面积量算汇总统计、数据库建设等具体的工作方法和技术方案进行了探讨。     

钢筋混凝土框架结构直接基于位移的抗震设计

直接基于位移的抗震设计方法是对基于力的抗震设计方法的重大改进。按此方法进行设计时,需要解决的关键问题是确定结构的目标位移和相应的侧移模式。提出用框架梁节点截面屈服时的位移作为目标位移,并推导了层间屈服位移的计算公式;然后用结构近似的第一振型曲线作勾其侧移模式,对层间屈服位移进行修正。算例表明,本方法计算结果合理。     

火山活动对热带高空温度变化的影响

本文利用序列回归分析、对比分析和个例分析法分析了火山活动对热带高空大气的温度效应. 主要结论为：火山活动影响最显著的高度是平流层70 hPa约22 km高空,由此高度向上或向下,火山活动的影响都逐渐减小;火山活动将引起平流层大气升温、对流层大气降温,其分界线大致位于对流层顶300 hPa附近;火山活动对于热带70 hPa高空温度距平变化的影响超过了总方差的457%;单独考察几次强火山活动（如阿贡火山、皮纳图博火山和厄尔奇冲火山等）的温度效应表明,在热带地区强火山爆发后的20个月内,对热带高空温度的影响超过了其距平变化的80%！成为该时段高空温度变化的决定性因素.     

青海格尔木驼路沟喷流沉积型钴(金)矿床的黄铁矿Re-Os定年

青海驼路沟矿床是新近发现的中国西北首例独立大型喷流沉积型钴(金)矿床,赋矿岩石为富钠的热水沉积岩——石英钠长石岩。利用Re-Os同位素体系(ICP-MS方法)对不同类型矿石中的7件黄铁矿样品进行了定年,结果表明尽管它们的Re(0.122×10-9~8.988×10-9)和Os(0.00313×10-9~0.05366×10-9)的含量很低,但在两种相关图解上分别得到432±23Ma和442±17Ma较好等时线年龄。该Re-Os定年结果不仅进一步厘定区域纳赤台群地层的主体时代为早古生代,而且为确定东昆仑造山带晚奥陶世板块裂解及成矿作用提供了新的重要证据,对深入认识区域成矿规律和探讨地质构造演化具重要意义。     

滇西北红山晚白垩世花岗斑岩型Cu-Mo成矿系统及其大地构造学意义

红山铜多金属矿床位于滇西北中甸红山一带,其一直被认为是印支期夕卡岩型矿床。新的研究结果表明红山矿区存在两个成矿系统:1与印支期石英二长斑岩有关的夕卡岩型铜多金属成矿系统,其典型矿床是与石榴子石夕卡岩伴生的含铜磁铁矿体与磁黄铁矿体;2与花岗斑岩有关的斑岩型Cu-Mo-Pb-Zn成矿系统,其包括地表喷溢沉积成因的含铁钙硅质岩、可能为流体通道相的Cu-Mo多金属石英网脉与大脉、充填于岩溶洞穴中的层状Pb-Zn矿体、花岗斑岩内部的浸染状Cu-Mo矿化、及岩体外接触带夕卡岩型多金属矿床。含矿石英脉6个辉钼矿样品Re-Os模式年龄介于75.46~78.46Ma之间,等时线年龄为77Ma,红山矿区花岗斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床形成时代为晚白垩世。红山矿区晚白垩世花岗斑岩及其伴生斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床和大规模流体活动是滇西地区晚白垩世区域构造-流体-成矿体系的一部分,其形成与印度—亚洲大陆碰撞有关,据此可推断印度—亚洲大陆的碰撞作用及其伴生的大规模成矿作用在77Ma就已开始。红山矿区晚白垩世斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床成矿系统的厘定对于斑岩型矿床成矿流体结构模型和区域成矿与构造学的研究具重要的启示意义。     

支持向量分类机LIBSVM方法识别天然地震、爆破与塌陷

对天然地震、爆破及塌陷的波形数据进行小波变换,并用小波转换系数提取香农熵特征,采用支持向量分类机LIBSVM多类模式识别方法对香农熵特征进行分类识别,识别率在80%~95%之间。结果表明,采用LIBSVM对波形特征进行分类的方法可以较好地识别天然地震、爆破与塌陷。     

Ciliate Uronema marinum is the causative agent of scuticociliatosis in farm raised turbot Scophthalmus maximus

To identify the pathogen that causes scuticociliatosis in farmed-raised turbot Scophthalmus maximus,we isolated a ciliate from the brain tissue of an infected turbot and identified it as Uronema marinum based on morphological and molecular evidence.We then infected the turbots in artificial laboratory settings with pure cultured U.marinum.The infected turbots showed syndromes similar to those observed in naturally infected ones.Furthermore,microscopic examination and PCR detection confirmed the presence of the ciliate in the tissues of those laboratory-infected turbots.To our best knowledge,this is the first report of scuticociliatosis caused by U.marinum in farm-raised turbot S.maximus in China.     

Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on uniaxial mechanical properties of cohesive coarse-grained soils

Freeze-thaw cycles are closely related to the slope instability in high-altitude mountain regions. In this study, cohesive coarse-grained soils were collected from a high-altitude slope in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau to study the effect of cyclic freeze-thaw on their uniaxial mechanical properties. The soil specimens were remolded with three dry densities and three moisture contents. Then, after performing a series of freeze-thaw tests in a closed system without water supply, the soil specimens were subjected to a uniaxial compression test. The results showed that the stress-strain curves of the tested soils mainly performed as strain-softening. The softening feature intensified with the increasing dry density but weakened with an increase in freeze-thaw cycles and moisture content. The uniaxial compressive strength, resilient modulus, residual strength and softening modulus decreased considerably with the increase of freeze-thaw cycles. After more than nine freeze-thaw cycles, these four parameters tended to be stable. These parameters increased with the increase of dry density and decreased with the increasing moisture content, except for the residual strength which did not exhibit any clear variation with an increase in moisture content. The residual strength, however, generally increased with an increase in dry density. The soil structural damage caused by frozen water expansion during the freeze-thaw is the major cause for the changes in mechanical behaviors of cohesive coarse-grained soils. With results in this study, the deterioration effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical properties of soils should be considered during the slope stability analysis in high-altitude mountain regions.