鄂尔多斯盆地庆城地区延长组7段致密油特征及油源分析

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组7段(长7段)半深湖—深湖相优质油源岩是油气的重要来源,包括黑色页岩和暗色泥岩,作为盆地重要的供烃源岩一直是研究的热点。为了明确不同烃源岩的贡献及油气来源,通过对庆城地区长7段致密油特征进行分析,对原油进行精细划分,并对源岩有效性进行分析,进一步明确油源对应关系,研究表明,庆城地区长7段黑色页岩和暗色泥岩均对油气成藏有贡献,其中黑色页岩贡献最大,长7₃段暗色泥岩次之,长7₂和长7₁段暗色泥岩贡献较小;原油为低密度、中—低黏度和低凝固点的轻质油。根据生标物特征将原油划分为3类,A类原油具有低C₃₀重排藿烷/C₂₉藿烷、低C₂₉Ts/C₂₉藿烷、低Ts/Tm的特征,由黑色页岩贡献,主要分布于长7₁段;C类原油具有高C₃₀重排藿烷/C₂₉藿烷、高C₂₉Ts/C₂₉藿烷、高Ts/Tm的特征,主要由暗色泥岩贡献,...     

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷碳酸盐岩潜山表生岩溶储层特征与演化模式

潜山储层是潜山油气成藏的重要条件, 潜山领域是涠西南凹陷今后的重要勘探领域。本文综合运用岩心观察、薄片鉴定、碳-氧同位素测定、包裹体测温、钻录井及测井资料对涠西南凹陷碳酸盐岩潜山储层开展研究。研究表明, 涠西南碳酸盐岩潜山储层主要为岩溶储层, 并且发育同生-准同生期岩溶、埋藏岩溶和表生岩溶三种不同环境的岩溶作用, 其中以表生岩溶作用为主; 表生岩溶储层自上而下划分为表层岩溶带、垂直渗流带和水平潜流带; 各个岩溶带在横向上具有可对比性。工区碳酸盐岩岩溶发育程度受沉积相、古地貌及后期构造运动控制: 潮坪沉积环境下的白云岩的岩溶储层更发育; 古地貌的岩溶斜坡区岩溶更发育; 新生代断裂构造作用调整了原始岩溶储层带的分布深度, 导致现今不同潜山间的岩溶储层带分布深度有差异。     

Precambrian Tectonic Affinity of the Southern Langshan Area, Northeastern Margin of the Alxa Block: Evidence from Zircon U-Pb Dating and Lu-Hf Isotopes

The Alxa Block is the westernmost part of the North China Craton (NCC), and is regarded as one of the basement components of the NCC. Its geological evolution is of great significance for the understanding of the NCC. However, the Precambrian basement of the Alxa Block is still poorly studied. In this study, we present new in situ LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotope data from the Diebusige Metamorphic Complex (DMC) which located in the eastern Alxa Block. Field and petrological studies show that the DMC consists mainly of metamorphic supracrustal rocks and minor metamorphic plutonic rocks and has experienced amphibolite-granulite facies metamorphism. Zircon U-Pb dating results suggested that the amphibolite sample yields a crystallization age of 2636 ± 14 Ma and metamorphic ages of 2517–2454 Ma and 1988–1952 Ma, proving the existence of exposed Archean rocks in the Langshan area and indicating that late Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic metamorphic events existed in the Alxa Block. Two paragneiss samples show that the magmatic detrital zircons from the DMC yield 207Pb/206Pb ages ranging from 2.48 Ga to 2.10 Ga with two youngest peaks at 2.13 Ga and 2.16 Ga, respectively, and they were also overprinted by metamorphic events at 1.97–1.90 Ga and 1.89–1.79 Ga. Compilation of U-Pb ages of magmatic detrital and metamorphic zircons suggested that the main part of the DMC may have been formed at 2.1–2.0 Ga. Zircon Lu-Hf isotope data show that the source materials of the main part of the DMC were originated from the reworking of ancient Archean crust (3.45–2.78 Ga). The Hf isotope characteristics and the tectonothermal event records exhibit different evolution history with the Khondalite Belt and the Yinshan Block and the other basements of the Alxa Block, indicating that the Langshan was likely an independent terrain before the middle Paleoproterozoic and was subjected to the middle to late Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal events with the Khondalite Belt as a whole.     

Experimental Simulation Study of the Dominant Enrichment Area of Terrestrial Organic Matter in the Shallow-Delta Sedimentary System of the Yacheng Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin

Shallow-delta sedimentary systems receive both terrestrial and marine organic matter. As oil and gas exploration activities determine that the source rocks of the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin, northern South China Sea, are generally rich in and even dominated by terrestrial organic matter, this has led many researchers to examine the rules governing terrestrial organic matter enrichment in shallow-delta sea sedimentary systems. However, the deep burial of source rocks in deep-water areas and the relatively small amount of drilling undertaken have greatly restricted the study of these rules. In this study, the ‘forward modeling’ research method was used to observe and analyze the deposition and preservation of terrestrial organic matter through flume experiments, where the depositional results were carefully depicted and sampled. The total organic carbon content of selected samples was measured and when combined with qualitative observations and quantitative comparison results, the dominant enrichment areas of terrestrial organic matter were identified. The experimental results show that the overbank parts of the delta front, the dune countercurrent surface, the low-lying parts, the delta front slope area and the shallow-prodelta sea area are where terrestrial organic matter is predominantly enriched. This provides an important basis and guidance for the prediction of the development areas of marine source rocks with terrestrial input in the deep-water areas of the Qiongdongnan Basin.     

Distribution Patterns of Calcite Cement in the Turbidite Sandstones of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression, Eastern China

Calcite cements are volumetrically dominant among the most diagenetic constituents in turbidite sandstones of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Depression. The results show carbonate cements mainly occur in three phases: Calcite I (pre-compaction), Calcite II (post-compaction) and ankerite in the turbidite sandstone. The isotopic composition of Calcite I and Calcite II range from ?4.3‰ to 4.4‰, ?3.5‰ to 4.3‰ PDB, respectively, suggesting that the calcite cements are mainly derived from the interbedded shales. The early calcite cement precipitated from the mixing of lacustrine and meteoric waters at 38–69°C. The late-phase calcite precipitated from pore waters modified by water-rock interactions at 64–126°C. Two distribution patterns of calcite cements can be identified, depending on their position within the sandstone. The peripheral cementation of the sandstones is near the sand-shale contact. The development of cement is controlled by sandstone thickness and the properties of the interbedded shale. For scattered cementation, the distribution of the calcite cement is not controlled by the sand-shale contact. Calcite cement was preferentially distributed in coarse-grained sandstones, indicating that sandstones with high original permeability are the preferred pathway for the migration of early diagenetic fluids.     

应用电感耦合等离子体质谱/光谱法研究上扬子区新华磷块岩稀土元素特征及沉积学意义

新华磷矿床是我国重要的富集稀土元素的沉积型含稀土磷块岩矿床,本文利用电感耦合等离子体质谱/光谱法(ICP-MS/AES),辅以岩矿鉴定等分析技术,结合沉积学理论研究了新华磷块岩稀土元素地球化学特征及相关问题。结果表明,新华磷块岩稀土总量(∑REEs)较高,集中值介于800×10-6~1200×10-6,其组成属轻稀土+钇型,稀土元素主要以类质同象形式存在于胶磷矿中;新华磷块岩和昆阳磷块岩具相似的REEs配分曲线和明显铈负异常,δCe介于0.28~0.36,表明上扬子区南缘成磷环境为氧化条件,且为稳定的滨浅海被动大陆边缘沉积环境;但新华磷块岩与其上覆黑色岩系REEs配分曲线迥异,后者表现出不明显的铈、铕异常,说明黑色岩系主要形成于深海-半深海静水还原环境,从梅树村期早期至晚期经历了海平面升高的过程,地层层序整体显示向上变深的沉积相变,磷块岩和黑色岩系之间的接触面可能为三级层序甚至更小层序级别的界面。这些沉积学的认识揭示了上扬子区下寒武统层序地层学意义和海相沉积环境特征,对华南早寒武世生命大爆发和层序地层学深入研究提供了证据。     

西藏改则县多龙矿集区斑岩型铜金矿床的地质特征与成矿-找矿模型

多龙矿集区位于班公湖_怒江成矿带西段、羌塘地块南缘的岩浆弧中。过去十多年来,西藏地勘局第五地质大队在多龙矿集区内已发现和评价了多不杂、波龙、地堡那木岗、拿若、荣那等5处大型、超大型铜金多金属矿床,目前已探明的铜资源量近1000万吨,金300余吨。区内以斑岩型铜金矿床为主,兼有斑岩_浅成低温热液型和斑岩_角砾岩型矿化组合。研究发现,矿区黄铁矿的δ34S值变化于-2.2‰~2.3‰之间,平均为0.2‰,峰值在-1‰~1‰之间,塔式效应明显,接近幔源硫,显示成矿物质来源于深部岩浆;成矿温度介于250~420℃之间,成矿深度1~5 km,成矿流体为残余岩浆流体,大气降水在成矿过程中的作用不明显。作者根据多年的勘查实践,总结出多龙矿集区斑岩型铜金矿最有效的找矿勘查方法技术组合是:地质+化探(水系沉积物)+物探(高精度磁测、激电中梯)+钻探。     

试论新疆成矿体系与时空演化模式

文章探讨了成矿体系的内涵,在以往研究成果和编制1∶1 500 000中国新疆维吾尔自治区矿床成矿系列图的基础上,根据先时间、后空间、再成因的总体思路,完善了新疆前寒武纪、早古生代、晚古生代、中生代、新生代五个时段成矿体系,初步构建了各时段成矿体系的时空演化模式,总结出5个时段成矿体系的特点是:前寒武纪为基底陆壳的形成与发展各具特色的成矿体系;早古生代板块体制早期发育具中亚成矿域特色的成矿体系;晚古生代板块体制晚期发育具中亚成矿域特色的成矿体系;中生代新疆北部发育板内西域成矿特色的成矿体系和新疆南部发育特提斯成矿域特色的成矿体系;新生代发育板内西域成矿特色的大陆成矿体系。     

西藏厅宫斑岩铜矿床地质、蚀变及矿化特征研究

本文对西藏厅宫大型铜矿进行了详细研究,矿床详细的地质岩相学-蚀变以及典型剖面填图表明,矿区存在2个岩浆事件高峰,即始新世的钾长花岗岩(~50 Ma)和中新世的斑状二长花岗岩、英云闪长斑岩及闪长玢岩(约13~17 Ma)。野外和室内研究发现,厅宫矿区存在2期重要的矿化事件,即始新世(~50 Ma)铜矿化及中新世(~15Ma)的铜钼矿化。始新世含矿岩体为钾长花岗岩,其最主要的特点是其成矿岩体结构的特殊性,表现在该矿床的成矿岩体没有典型的斑状结构,而是独特的细晶-似伟晶结构,说明含矿岩浆发生过骤冷,可能是流体突然逃逸,矿物结晶的固相点发生漂移所致。同时,该岩体还发育大量显微文象结构、显微晶洞构造等,均说明岩浆曾经富水,并且曾经流体饱和;中新世含矿岩体为具有埃达克岩特征的斑状二长花岗岩,主要以脉状的铜、钼矿化为主。该矿床蚀变分带类似于冈底斯带其他斑岩矿床。时间上,分别为早期的钾硅酸盐化、转换阶段的青磐岩化、随后的绢英岩化及最晚期的泥化蚀变;空间上,以含矿岩体为中心向外依次为钾硅酸盐化、绢英岩化、青磐岩化,最晚期的泥化呈补丁状或条带状叠加早期各类蚀变。铜矿化主要发生在始新世的黑云母化阶段和中新世的绢英岩化阶段,而钼矿化主要发生在中新世的钾硅酸盐化和绢英岩化的转换阶段。