Characteristics and Dolomitization of Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician Dolomite from Outcrop in Keping Uplift, Western Tarim Basin, Northwest China

Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician sedimentary rocks in the western Tarim Basin, Northwest China, are composed of shallow-marine platform carbonates. The Keping Uplift is located in the northwest region of this basin. On the basis of petrographic and geochemical features, four matrix replacement dolomites and one type of cement dolomite are identified. Matrix replacement dolomites include (1) micritic dolomites (MD1); (2) fine–coarse euhedral floating dolomites (MD2); (3) fine–coarse euhedral dolomites (MD3); and (4) medium–very coarse anhedral mosaic dolomites (MD4). Dolomite cement occurs in minor amounts as coarse saddle dolomite cement (CD1) that mostly fills vugs and fractures in the matrix dolomites. These matrix dolomites have δ18O values of ?9.7‰ to ?3.0‰ VPDB (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite); δ13C values of ?0.8‰ to 3.5‰ VPDB; 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.708516 to 0.709643; Sr concentrations of 50 to 257 ppm; Fe contents of 425 to 16878 ppm; and Mn contents of 28 to 144 ppm. Petrographic and geochemical data suggest that the matrix replacement dolomites were likely formed by normal and evaporative seawater in early stages prior to chemical compaction at shallow burial depths. Compared with matrix dolomites, dolomite cement yields lower δ18O values (?12.9‰ to ?9.1‰ VPDB); slightly lower δ13C values (?1.6‰–0.6‰ VPDB); higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.709165–0.709764); and high homogenization temperature (Th) values (98°C–225°C) and salinities (6 wt%–24 wt% NaCl equivalent). Limited data from dolomite cement shows a low Sr concentration (58.6 ppm) and high Fe and Mn contents (1233 and 1250 ppm, respectively). These data imply that the dolomite cement precipitated from higher temperature hydrothermal salinity fluids. These fluids could be related to widespread igneous activities in the Tarim Basin occurring during Permian time when the host dolostones were deeply buried. Faults likely acted as important conduits that channeled dolomitizing fluids from the underlying strata into the basal carbonates, leading to intense dolomitization. Therefore, dolomitization, in the Keping Uplift area is likely related to evaporated seawater via seepage reflux in addition to burial processes and hydrothermal fluids.     

陕西境内国家地质公园特征

地质公园是地质遗迹景观和生态环境的重点保护区,也是地质科学研究与普及的基地.目前陕西省已获批准建立的国家级地质公园有8处.     

雷州异类婚配传说的情节单元研究

雷州异类婚配传说的情节单元具有很高的同质性,它们与相同题材的故事形态在"惩罚"情节单元的"有无""考验"与"考验解除"情节单元的对应关系等方面具有明显差异。故事和传说性质的不同,是导致这些差异的原因。     

EFFECTS OF INDIAN OCEAN SSTA WITH ENSO ON WINTER RAINFALL IN CHINA

Based on Hadley Center monthly global SST, 1960-2009 NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and observation rainfall data over 160 stations across China, the combined effect of Indian Ocean Dipole （IOD） and Pacific SSTA （ENSO） on winter rainfall in China and their different roles are investigated in the work. The study focuses on the differences among the winter precipitation pattern during the years with Indian Ocean Dipole （IOD） only, ENSO only, and IOD and ENSO concurrence. It is shown that although the occurrences of the sea surface temperature anomalies of IOD and ENSO are of a high degree of synergy, their impacts on the winter precipitation are not the same. In the year with positive phase of IOD, the winter rainfall will be more than normal in Southwest China （except western Yunnan）, North China and Northeast China while it will be less in Yangtze River and Huaihe River Basins. The result is contrary during the year with negative phase of IOD. However, the impact of IOD positive phase on winter precipitation is more significant than that of the negative phase. When the IOD appears along with ENSO, the ENSO signal will enhance the influence of IOD on winter precipitation of Southwest China （except western Yunnan）, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China. In addition, this paper makes a preliminary analysis of the circulation causes of the relationship between IOD and the winter rainfall in China.     

长期施肥影响下亚热带红壤性水稻土团聚体组成及氮储量分布特征

以亚热带典型红壤性水稻土为研究对象,利用干筛法研究长期单施化肥和化肥配施有机肥对耕作层和犁底层土壤团聚体组成及其全氮储量分布的影响.结果表明:＞5 mm的块状结构是土壤团聚体的主要组分,其含量比例高达65.7％～83.4％;同时,该级团聚体中全氮储量占土壤总储量的比例亦高达63.1％～82.7％,是土壤全氮储量的主要载体.随土层加深,块状结构体比例增加,其他粒级团聚体含量降低.除＜0.25 mm粒级外,团聚体中全氮含量随其粒径减小而增大,而全氮储量则呈降低趋势.施肥特别是化肥配施有机肥后同土层0.25～5 mm大团聚体含量显著增加.团聚体稳定性增强,2～5、0.5～2、0.25～0.5 mm团聚体及土壤中全氮含量和储量显著增加(P＜0.05),新增氮储量主要向大团聚体,特别是2～5 mm团聚体中富集.施肥对团聚体组成及其全氮含量的影响随土层加深而减弱.与单施化肥相比较,化肥配施有机肥显著提升犁底层和全层土壤全氮储量(P＜0.05),是更好的施肥模式,可在亚热带红壤性水稻土分布区推广应用.     

氢氧化镁作为吸附剂的应用研究进展

由于氢氧化镁具有较强的吸附特性,且具有活性强、缓冲性好、无腐蚀性等特点,作为一种安全、无毒的吸附剂,在环保领域有较广泛的应用。全面综述了氢氧化镁作为吸附剂在各种水质废水(包括酸性废水、印染废水、含重金属工业废水、含磷和铵城市废水)处理,以及在海(卤)水除硼和烟气脱硫等方面的应用研究。     

黑龙江金厂铜金矿床闪长玢岩地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学

黑龙江省东宁金厂铜金矿床为最新勘查突破的特大型矿床,矿床矿体类型以角砾岩型为主,且角砾岩型矿体与闪长玢岩岩体空间关系密切。岩相特征显示闪长玢岩为多斑-基质隐晶结构,斑晶以斜长石、角闪石为主,并见少量辉石。闪长玢岩SiO2含量为54.62%～67.82%,平均60.33%;Al2O3含量为14.52%～18.25%,平均16.62%,且K2O/Na2O为0.06～0.31,均小于0.5,属于亚碱性岩系并具钙碱性演化趋势,但钾含量较低。稀土元素的LREE/HREE值较高,介于5.06～14.24之间,平均9.16;δEu为0.85～1.46,平均1.21,表现为正Eu异常。微量元素以低Y和Yb,高Sr为特征,其Sr/Y值为35.87～111.4,平均57.57(>40);此外,微量元素富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HSFE),尤以Nb、Ta和Ti亏损最为显著,且见Pb富集明显。地球化学特征显示闪长玢岩具有埃达克质岩的特征,表明闪长玢岩不仅为重要的含矿母岩,而且指示金厂金矿具备进一步找矿的潜力。同时,闪长玢岩的地球化学特征还显示其岩浆演化以结晶分异为主,而岩浆则可能起源于俯冲流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融,岩浆上涌时受地壳混染。闪长玢岩的锆石U-Pb年龄介于118.1±1.6Ma～115.7±2.0Ma之间,结果表明118.1±1.6Ma可以代表金厂斑岩型铜金矿床尤其是角砾岩型矿体的成矿时代,与区域120～110Ma的大规模岩浆活动时间一致,说明金厂斑岩型铜金矿床的成矿可能与早白垩纪太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关。区域上寻找同时期的斑岩型-浅成低温热液型铜金矿床潜力巨大。     

泡沫油稳定性主控因素实验研究

泡沫油在天然能量开采过程中具有"原油粘度高、生产气油比低、原油日产水平高、产量递减慢、天然能量开采采收率高"等特有的开采特征;而泡沫的稳定性是决定"泡沫油现象"存在时间长短的最关键因素。为定量描述泡沫稳定性的主控因素,自主研制了高温高压泡沫油可视化稳定性测试模型,并利用该模型开展了温度、溶解气油比、降压速度及孔隙尺寸对泡沫稳定性的单因素影响规律评价实验。实验结果表明,泡沫油中泡沫稳定存在的最高温度为60℃,最低极限原始溶解气油比为5 m3/m3,最低降压速度为0.08 MPa/min;同时发现,在越接近油藏实际孔隙尺寸的多孔介质中,泡沫的存在时间越长,表明在实际油藏天然能量开发过程中,"泡沫油现象"将会长期存在。以上认识有效地指导了MPE-3油藏天然能量开发,对于类似稠油/超稠油油藏确定合理的开发操作策略,实现经济高效开发具有重要指导意义。     

大别山玉的相关特征及形成机制

利用光薄片观察,结合X衍射和化学分析,揭示大别山玉的颜色、光泽及“水草”形成机制.结果表明,大别山玉原生颜色为无色,系石英集合体的自生色;绿色、墨绿色系含一定量的绿泥石所致;白色系孔隙引起的假色.籽料大别山玉的红—黄色系氧化或充填致色,为玉石所含铁质矿物氧化和外来铁质浸润引起;光泽的不同主要由石英粒度引起;“水草”由铁锰质沿裂隙贯入形成.     

基于滨线轨迹的古水深定量计算新方法①--以古近系沙三中段东营三角洲为例

古水深确定是沉积学分析中难点问题,目前主要依据“标志物-水深”的定性-半定量方法确定,但存在原始样品获取难、预测精度低等诸多问题。该方法依据滨线轨迹迁移规律获取在点物源背景条件下一个三级层序内可容纳空间与沉积物供给速率之间变化关系或定量函数,进而采用回剥法和正演法相结合获取不同点原始沉积物厚度和相应的可容空间,其中回剥法获取每个单元原始沉积厚度,正演法获取每个单元随沉积物覆盖后顶层可容空间增量。三角洲平原区为补偿区,其原始沉积物厚度等于可容纳空间增量,三角洲前缘区为欠补偿区,其水深等于可容空间增量与原始沉积物厚度之差。这一新方法不仅考虑到不同点构造沉降差异,而且还考虑了三级层序内沉积物供给速率的变化趋势,因而,较为准确地预测三角洲区的古水深变化。该方法成功地应用于东营地区三角洲沉积区水深变化,该区沙三中（Es3-2）共发育9期进积体,最大水深为180 m,出现于t3时刻。该方法揭示了9期三角洲朵体发育时期水深变化,为该区沉积体空间展布预测提供了有效的定量预测方法。