River channel sand body prediction by means of integrating well log and seismic attribute analysis in dense well patterns: a case study of the eastern Beierxi Block in the Sabei Development Area of Daqing Oilfield, China

The developmental areas in eastern China have been in the super-high water cut phase for a significant amount of time, and as a result the distribution of remaining oil has gradually become more and more complex. The effective prediction of the distribution of interwell river channel sand bodies in dense well patterns has become an urgent issue in enhanced oil recovery. In this paper, based on the comprehensive analysis of high-resolution well logs and seismic data, a case study of predicting interwell channel sand bodies is carried out, with the assistance of high-resolution well logs and 3D seismic data from the Beierxi Block of the Sabei Development Area. After interpretation of the horizons and faults, the seismic attributes are extracted on the premise of seismic horizon tracing in a dense well pattern, and seismic attributes on wells are determined by means of the inverse distance-weighted mean method. The linear statistical correlation, multivariate statistical correlation, clustering procedure correlation, and 2D crossplot analyses of the RAVE module between the seismic attributes and well logs are used to deduce the relationships between seismic data and physical information of the reservoir (including effective thickness and distribution of sedimentary facie). Finally, the possibility of using multiattribute results to foster an understanding of depositional-oriented trends in interwell river channel sand body distribution is demonstrated. The planar depositional microfacies distribution is mapped with the results of the well-seismic data, which will assist in achieving a new understanding of how remaining oil may be discovered and will also assist in making further decisions in terms of hydrocarbon exploration and development.     

关于地质勘查监理的性质、任务和作用的探讨

地质勘查监理是新兴的地质工作新领域,完全不同于建设工程的按图施工,其目的是取全取准第一性地质资料,体现在“三边”工作中就是发挥其专业特长,为工程进行咨询服务,指导勘查设计的优化与调整,实现全过程控制.诚信、公正、守法、科学是地质勘查项目监理的基本原则,它始终贯穿于项目的前期准备、设计、招投标、施工、报告编制等各个阶段的监理工作中,并在实施过程中实现工程质量达标、工期按时、投资合理、生产安全及报告优质.针对地质勘查项目监理的性质、特点、任务及阶段划分,提出适合当前地质勘查项目监理的十大方法与途径,如目标引导、沟通协调、巡查抽检、旁站重点、验收把关、督促“三边”等,而旁站是实现工程质量监控的最好方法,尤其是在开孔验收、采样、测井、封孔、地面物探等关键环节的旁站,可有效保证勘查工程质量.中煤涿州地质技术咨询开发中心成功的监理经验表明建立长期稳定的、经验丰富的专业化监理队伍是保证监理工程质量的关键,其监理项目的实效性也得到业界认可.     

基于ArcGIS的云GIS平台设计方案研究

当前云计算技术发展迅速,已不断融入GIS应用的开发建设中,通过构建云GIS平台来提供地理信息服务逐渐成为各级政府部门的共识。本文介绍了云GIS平台的建设内容,重点提出了基于ArcGIS建设云GIS平台的设计方案。     

“千年运河”品牌基因谱系识别与空间分异研究

“千年运河”品牌基因是“千年运河”国家文化旅游品牌塑造和发展的灵魂。本文以中国大运河沿线35个地级及以上城市为研究对象,运用共词分析法,从与大运河相关的网络游记中识别和提取“千年运河”品牌基因谱系。并运用基于机器学习的地理分区方法,进一步分析了“千年运河”品牌基因的空间分异特征。研究结果： ① 构建了由2个基因类别、4个基因维度和14个基因子维度组成的“千年运河”品牌基因识别框架。② 运河核心基因和运河衍生基因主要分布在京杭大运河沿线,隋唐大运河尤其是卫河河段沿线城市的边缘关联基因分布较多。③ 根据“千年运河”品牌基因的分布特征,可将运河沿线城市划分为6类地理区域,每类地理分区中的主导基因、功能定位不同。研究结果为“千年运河”国家文旅品牌塑造与发展提供参考,也为大运河文化遗产完整性保护与传承提供了新的切入点。     

Using Allan variance to analyze the error characteristics of GNSS positioning

Currently, we evaluate the positioning accuracy of GNSS mainly by providing statistical values that can represent the overall error level, such as CEP, RMS, 2DRMS, and maximum error. These are solid indicators of the general performance of the GNSS positioning. But some applications like GNSS/INS integrated system require a detailed analysis of the error characteristics and knowledge of the precise error model. This requirement necessitates the modeling of the error components of the GNSS positioning solutions. In our research, the Allan variance method is proposed to analyze the GNSS positioning errors, describe the error characteristics, and build the corresponding error models. Based on our research, four dominant noise terms are identified in the GNSS positioning solutions, that is, 1st order Gauss-Markov process, Gaussian white noise, random walk noise, and flicker noise, which indicates that white noise is not always enough and appropriate to model GNSS positioning errors for some applications. The results show that the Allan variance is a feasible and effective way to analyze the error characteristics of the GNSS positioning solutions.     

Analyses on integrated detection of the blizzard process in 19–20 March 2012 in Urumqi,Xinjiang China

Using the multi-source observation data from wind-profiling radar, microwave radiometer, Doppler weather radar, etc. during the blizzard event in 19–20 March 2012 in Urumqi, this paper analyzed the detailed characteristics of the atmospheric dynamics, thermodynamics, intensity and water vapor during the process of this blizzard weather. The findings suggest: (1) in the course of the blizzard weather, the near-surface atmosphere is mainly dominated by northwest airflows, the wind speed and relative humidity increase rapidly, temperature drops and air pressure ascends; (2) the blizzard weather this time is accompanied by cold front system whose entering time is about 16:00 BT 19 March; the shear line that develops from low to high is the position height of the frontal zone, and the variation of the high-level frontal zone directly reflects the altitude and layers where cold and warm air masses interact; (3) the radar equivalent reflectivity factor of the snowstorm process changes within the range 8–25 dBZ_e and its large-value zone is correlated well with the blizzard duration, the height for the formation of rain (snow) particles and the snow intensity; (4) before the occurrence of the blizzard, atmosphere is in the state of high temperature and high humidity, the maximum vapor density is around 6 g m^?3, water vapor mainly stays under the height of 5,000 m; affected by cold front system, cold airs gradually lift warm and moist airs so that the vapor condenses and deposits into water drops and snow particles, forming the snowstorm in the end.     

实时GNSS地震仪系统实现及精度分析

高频GNSS数据实时精密单点定位(RTPPP)可实时获得地表瞬时动态形变和地震波信号,为地震参数快速确定、地震快速响应及海啸预警提供实时的观测资料.本文构建了实时GNSS地震仪系统,主要包括RTPPP和实时探测两部分.利用RTPPP 方法处理了模拟的震动实验平台实验数据和2010年Baja California地震的数据,并与惯导(IMU)、事后PPP和差分相对定位结果比较,定量评估了实时GNSS地震仪系统的精度.结果表明,该系统可实现水平方向优于1cm,高程方向优于3cm的实时定位,且对Baja California地震的实时探测结果与南加州地震数据中心公布的结果相一致.     

Traffic assignment forecast model research in ITS

As an important role in the development of ITS, traffic assignment forecast is always the research focus. Based on the analysis of classic traffic assignment forecast models, an improved traffic assignment forecast model, multi-ways probability and capacity constraint (MPCC) is presented. Using the new traffic assignment forecast model to forecast the traffic volume will improve the rationality and veracity of traffic assignment forecast.     

基于WebGIS的空间数据更新技术研究

在分析WebGIS环境中空间数据更新内容的基础上,本文首先探讨了在WebGIS中空间数据更新所涉及的关键技术,并研究了空间数据更新主要采用的技术路线,进而探讨了基于地图服务的更新技术,为网络环境下空间数据的更新提供了新的思路。     

Identification of the best spectral indices to remotely trace the diurnal course of water use efficiency of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tamarix ramosissima</Emphasis> in the Gurbantunggut Desert,China

Water availability is one of the most important factors limiting photosynthetic assimilation of carbon dioxide and growth of individual plants in terrestrial ecosystems. Water use efficiency (WUE) of plants has been widely assessed using ecological methods in field measurements; however, approaches for remotely sensing WUE are still lacking, particularly in arid ecosystems. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of diurnal WUE via spectral indices in arid ecosystems was assessed. Analyses were conducted on a native dominant desert shrub, Tamarix ramosissima, in its original habitat on the southern periphery of the Gurbantunggut Desert, China. Based on diurnal measurements of spectral reflectance, photosynthesis, and micrometeorological variables, simple and useful spectral indices for estimating diurnal WUE at the assimilative organ scale were explored. From six types of spectral indices, ranging from simple to sophisticated, the best wavelength domains for a given type of index were determined by screening all combinations using correlation analysis. The coefficient of determination (R ²), ranging from 0.19 to 0.60, for WUE was calculated for all indices derived from spectra taken from the assimilative organs. With only two wavelengths and a significant correlation coefficient (R ² = 0.60, P < 0.001), the simple ratio (SR) type index was the most sensitive to WUE among all of the indices. Furthermore, SR is a useful indicator to determine the dynamic and diurnal processes of photosynthesis and transpiration of T. ramosissima. Although it has a few weaknesses, SR serves as a simple and robust indicator of WUE in arid ecosystems.