新疆伊吾阿勒吞昆多蛇绿混杂岩特征

前人将唐巴勒-卡拉麦里缝合线置于伊吾县以南哈尔里克山塔水河一线。1993年巴瑞士等在伊吾西北大黑山发现超镁铁岩-镁铁岩洋壳残片,认为卡拉麦里蛇绿岩从伊吾西北大黑山一带向东延伸。2009年笔者参与伊吾县阿尔通盖一带1∶5万区域地质矿产调查工作,于伊吾县以北阿勒吞昆多一带发现阿勒吞昆多蛇绿混杂岩,该蛇绿岩中斜长花岗岩形成于早石炭世((351±6)Ma),大地构造为哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块及准噶尔微板块、唐巴勒-卡拉麦里古生代沟弧体系。在研究前人资料基础上,提出阿勒吞昆多蛇绿混杂岩为卡拉麦里蛇绿岩(属唐巴勒-卡拉麦里缝合线)向东延伸部分,唐巴勒-卡拉麦里缝合线(沟弧体系)西起唐巴勒,向东经达拉布特-卡拉麦里-塔克扎勒-大黑山至伊吾县阿勒吞昆多一带,可能延伸至蒙古境内。     

北京广东典型地区室内氡气浓度与地质背景关系

为了解不同地质背景条件室内氡浓度水平,采用脉冲电离室测氡仪AlphaGUARD测量了北京广东不同地质背景典型测点的室内氡浓度,同时对广东某一测点进行了长期的室内氡监测。测量和研究结果表明：地表岩性是影响室内氡浓度高低的重要因素之一。地处花岗岩地区的建筑物内氡浓度高于其他岩性地区的室内氡浓度,广东室内氡水平明显高于北京地区,广东北京花岗岩地区的平均室内氡浓度分别为69.98 Bq/m^3和43.97 Bq/m^3,第四系覆盖地区的平均室内氡浓度分别为43.60 Bq/m^3和35.74 Bq/m^3。民用住宅卧室内的室内氡浓度略高于公共建筑物办公室内的室内氡浓度。因此,结合地质背景研究室内氡的水平与分布对指导开展室内氡调查中确定抽样方案、选择测点及进行区域尺度室内氡评价有重要的实用价值。     

Geochemistry of Permian Mafic Igneous Rocks from the Napo‐Qinzhou Tectonic Belt in Southwest Guangxi,Southwest China: Implications for Arc‐Back Arc Basin Magmatic Evolution

The Napo-Qinzhou Tectonic Belt (NQTB) lies at the junction of the Yangtze, Cathaysia and Indochina (North Vietnam) Blocks, which is composed of five major lithotectonic subunits: the Qinzhou-Fangcheng Suture Zone (QFSZ), the Shiwandashan Basin (SB), the Pingxiang-Nanning Suture Zone (PNSZ), the Damingshan Block (DB) and the Babu-Lingma Suture Zone (BLSZ). On the basis of geochemical compositions, the Permian mafic igneous rocks can be divided into three distinct groups: (1) mafic igneous rocks (Group 1) from the Longjing region in the PNSZ and Hurun region in the BLSZ, which are characterized by intermediate Ti, P and Zr with low Ni and Cr contents; (2) mafic igneous rocks (Group 2) from the Naxiao and Chongzuo region in the DB, characterized by low-intermediate Ti, P and Zr with high Ni and Cr concentrations; and (3) mafic igneous rocks (Group 3) from the Siming region in the Jingxi carbonate platform of the northwestern margin of the NQTB, with intermediate-high Ti, P and Zr and low Ni and Cr contents. The Group 1 rocks yield a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 250.5±2.8 Ma and are geochemically similar to basalts occurring in back-arc basin settings. The Group 2 rocks exhibit geochemical features to those basalts in island arcs, whereas the Group 3 rocks show geochemical similarity to that of ocean island basalts. All three groups are characterized by relatively low εNd(t) values (–2.61 to +1.10) and high initial 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios (0.705309–0.707434), indicating that they were derived from a subduction-modified lithospheric mantle and experienced assimilation, fractional crystallization, and crustal contamination or mixing during magmatic evolution. Accordingly, we propose the existence of an arc-back arc basin system that developed along the NQTB at the border of SW Guangxi Province (SW China) and northern Vietnam, and it was formed by continued northwestward subduction of the Cathaysian (or Yunkai) Block under the Yangtze Block, and northeastward subduction of the Indochina Block beneath the Yangtze Block during Permian time.     

基于球体层状介质模型的大地电磁正演

目前大地电磁测深法的一维正演理论,是基于平面波垂直入射水平层状介质的假设模型。但由于地球是一个球体,因此有必要研究基于球状介质模型的大地电磁正演理论。这里详细推导了基于球体层状介质模型的大地电磁正演公式,计算了若干理论模型。通过同基于水平层状介质模型的大地电磁正演结果对比,验证了正演公式的正确性。同时,指出当探测周期增加到上万秒时,阻抗相位会增大;而当探测周期增加到数十万秒时,视电阻率会减小。     

Mineralogy and Mineral Chemistry of the Cretaceous Duolong Gold‐Rich Porphyry Copper Deposit in the Bangongco Arc,Northern Tibet

The Early Cretaceous Duolong gold‐rich porphyry copper deposit is a newly discovered deposit with proven 5.38 Mt Cu resources of 0.72% Cu and 41 t gold of 0.23 g t^?1 in northern Tibet. Granodiorite porphyry and quartz diorite porphyrite are the main ore‐bearing porphyries. A wide range of hydrothermal alteration associated with these porphyries is divided into potassic, argillic and propylitic zones from the ore‐bearing porphyry center outward and upward. In the hydrothermal alteration zones, secondary albite (91.5–99.7% Ab) occurs along the rim of plagioclase phenocryst and fissures. Secondary K‐feldspar (75.1–96.9% Or) replaces plagioclase phenocryst and matrix or occurs in veinlets. Biotite occurs mainly as matrix and veinlet in addition to phenocryst in the potassic zone. The biotite are Mg‐rich and formed under a highly oxidized condition at temperatures ranging from 400°C to 430°C. All the biotites are absent in F, and have high Cl content (0.19–0.26%), with log (X_Cl/X_OH) values of ?2.74 to ?2.88 and IV (Cl) values of ?3.48 to ?3.35, suggesting a significant role of chloride complexes (CuCl₂^‐ and AuCl₂^‐) in transporting and precipitating copper and gold. Chlorites are present in all alteration zones and correspond mainly to pycnochlorite. They have similar Fe/(Fe+Mg), Mn/(Mn+Mg) ratios, and a formation temperature range of 280–360°C. However, the formation temperature of chlorite in the quartz‐gypsum‐carbonate‐chlorite vein is between 190°C and 220°C, indicating that it may have resulted from a later stage of hydrothermal activity. Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ ratios of chlorites have negative correlation with Al^IV, suggesting oxygen fugacity of fluids increases with decreasing temperature. Apatite mineral inclusions in the biotite phenocrysts show high SO₃ content (0.44–0.82%) and high Cl content (1–1.37%), indicating the host magma had a high oxidation state and was enriched in S and Cl. The highest Cl content of apatite in the propylitic zone may have resulted from pressure decrease, and the lowest Cl content of apatite in the argillic zone may have been caused by a low Cl content in the fluids. The low concentration of SO₃ content in the hydrothermal apatite compared to the magmatic one may have resulted from the decrease of oxygen fugacity and S content in the hydrothermal fluid, which are caused by the abundant precipitation of magnetite.     

天然气藏He的累积模式及定年应用初探

天然气藏He的聚集存在一定的年代累积效应,借鉴相关地质模型,引入气藏特征参数,对外部壳源以及气藏原位产生的He进行量化,明确天然气藏中He累积量与时间的数学关系,进而建立了约束天然气藏形成时代的新方法——He定年模型。将该方法应用于四川盆地威远气田,估算威远震旦系天然气成藏定型的时间约为31Ma,对应渐新世,处于喜马拉雅运动中期。该结果与威远气田成藏过程的研究成果相吻合,表明天然气藏He的年代累积效应可以用于成藏时代的研究,所建立的He定年模型具有一定的实用性和应用潜力。     

东濮凹陷上古生界致密砂岩优质储层发育特征及主控因素

文章探讨了东濮凹陷上古生界砂岩优质储层形成的主控因素,为预测优质储层提供依据。文章以东濮凹陷庆古3井为主要研究对象,通过岩心观察、铸体薄片、XRD、核磁共振冻融法及三束离子抛光—场发射扫描电镜联用等综合分析,研究了东濮凹陷二叠系储层发育特征及控制因素。研究表明：东濮凹陷上古生界砂岩以岩屑长石和长石岩屑砂岩为主,孔隙度值介于0.2%~12.8%,渗透率值介于0.0016~5.7 mD,属于特低孔致密型储层。溶蚀残余粒间孔、粒内溶蚀孔、晶间孔是东濮凹陷主要发育的孔隙类型,储集空间都是次生成因,各层段几乎未见原生孔隙留存,裂缝相对不发育。次生孔隙主要由长石颗粒和岩屑（包括凝灰质）溶蚀形成,在石千峰组和下石盒子组储层中较为常见。优质储层受沉积相、岩性和成岩作用的控制,石千峰组砂岩属于内陆河流相沉积,砂体发育,是东濮凹陷上古生界最有利的储集层系,长石的溶蚀是石千峰组优质储层形成的主要控制因素。下石盒子组属于三角洲沉积,由于沉积时期火山作用,导致大量的凝灰质沉积,凝灰质蚀变形成的高岭石晶间孔是该层储层形成的重要机制。山西组主要三角洲沉积,也是主要成煤期,煤系酸性流体导致溶蚀,但强烈的石英次生加大使砂岩致密化。     

双介质摄影测量共线理论研究

从摄影光学理论出发,推导摄影物镜成像系统的基点位置公式;利用针孔成像模型,分析得出摄影物镜的投影中心即为成像系统两节点的等效;简要阐述双介质摄影测量的传统观点,利用同一摄影物镜在不同介质中构成的光学系统,说明双介质摄影测量成像系统基点位置相对单介质时发生变化,并在此基础上提出与传统观点不同的看法——双介质摄影测量共线理...     

中国余数定理在双基线InSAR相位解缠中的应用

介绍了利用中国余数定理求解同余方程组的基本公式,并将中国余数定理引入到双基线InSAR相位解缠中。构造了关于干涉相位模糊数的同余方程组,设计了基于中国余数定理的双基线InSAR相位解缠方法,扩展了相位解缠的非模糊区间,为解决干涉相位欠采样区域的相位解缠难题奠定了基础。利用不同地区的多套DEM仿真的双基线InSAR干涉图进行了相位解缠实验,得到了满意的解缠结果,验证了该方法在干涉相位欠采样等区域的解缠能力。     

GPS拟合高程建立和精化山区大地水准面应用探讨

本文在分析大地水准面精化的目的意义及其发展现状的前提下,阐述了确定(似)大地水准面的原理,并针对贵州山区重力资料缺乏的现实情况,探讨了确定和精化山区局部区域大地水准面的方法;尤其对在贵州山区局部区域范围运用CPS水准资料结合地球重力场模型EGM96,拟合区域大地水准面的方法进行了详细的分析和讨论.通过运用原理和方法对实...