Protective and treatment measures against major harmful organisms in cotton-growing belt of Xinjiang

1 Harmful Organisms in Xinjiang Cotton-Growing BeltThe harmful organisms in Xinjiang cotton-growing belt are mainly diseases, insects and weeds. The diseases include Verticillium albo-atrum, cotton-root decaying disease and cotton-boll decaying disease, while the harmful insects include cotton aphids (Aphis gosspii), cotton mites, cotton boll-worms (Heliothis armigera), cotton thrips (Thrips. sp), Lygus pratersis and cutworms. Their harmful effects vary in different places but all of them …     

Imaging the recent sediment dynamics of the Galicia Bank region (Atlantic,NW Iberian Peninsula)

Multibeam bathymetry, high resolution multi-channel, and very high resolution single-channel (3.5 kHz) seismic records were used to depict the complex geomorphology that defines the Galicia Bank region (Atlantic, NW Iberian Peninsula). This region (≈620–5,000 m water depth) is characterized by a great variety of features: structural features (scarps, highs, valleys, fold bulges), fluid dynamics-related features (structural undulations and collapse craters), mass-movement features (gullies, channels, mass-flow deposits, slope-lobe complexes, and mass-transport deposits), bottom-current features (moats, furrows, abraded surface, sediment waves, and drifts), (hemi)pelagic features, mixed features (abraded surfaces associated to mixed sediments) and bioconstructions. These features represent architectural elements of four sedimentary systems: slope apron, contouritic, current-controlled (hemi)pelagic, and (hemi)pelagic. These systems are a reflection of different sedimentary processes: downslope (mass transport, mass flows, turbidity flows), alongslope (bottom currents of Mediterranean Outflow Water, Labrador Sea Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, and Lower Deep Water), vertical settling, and the interplay between them. The architectural and sediment dynamic complexities, for their part, are conditioned by the morphostructural complexity of the region, whose structures (exposed scarps and highs) favor multiple submarine sediment sources, affect the type and evolution of the mass-movement processes, and interact with different water masses. This region and similar sedimentary environments far from the continental sediment sources, as seamounts, are ideal zones for carrying out submarine source-to-sink studies, and can represent areas subject to hazards, both geologic and oceanographic in origin.     

关于停止刊登华北、首都圈地区和全球地震目录的说明

自1992年起,《国际地震动态》杂志开始连载华北地区(330°~420°N,1110°~1250°E)ML≥30地震和首都圈地区(380°~410°N,1130°~1200°E)ML≥20地震的地震目录,并且自1996年开始连载全球M≥50地震目录,这给广大地震预报工作者提供了目录查询的方便,对地震预报研究工作起到了间接的帮助作用。然而,随着互联网的发展,各种地震资料已实现网上共享,广大地震预报研究工作者可以通过互联网获取数据,而且方便快捷。因此,经《国际地震动态》编委会研究,决定从2005年第1期,停止刊登上述两地区及全球的地震目录。在需要延用上述地震目录的读…     

Sustainable mineral resources management: from regional mineral resources exploration to spatial contamination risk assessment of mining

Wide-spread environmental contamination associated with historic mining in Europe has triggered social responses to improve related environmental legislation, the environmental assessment and management methods for the mining industry. Mining has some unique features such as natural background contamination associated with mineral deposits, industrial activities and contamination in the three-dimensional subsurface space, problem of long-term remediation after mine closure, problem of secondary contaminated areas around mine sites, land use conflicts and abandoned mines. These problems require special tools to address the complexity of the environmental problems of mining-related contamination. The objective of this paper is to show how regional mineral resources mapping has developed into the spatial contamination risk assessment of mining and how geological knowledge can be transferred to environmental assessment of mines. The paper provides a state-of-the-art review of the spatial mine inventory, hazard, impact and risk assessment and ranking methods developed by national and international efforts in Europe. It is concluded that geological knowledge on mineral resources exploration is essential and should be used for the environmental contamination assessment of mines. Also, sufficient methodological experience, knowledge and documented results are available, but harmonisation of these methods is still required for the efficient spatial environmental assessment of mine contamination.     

物理海洋学家──王涛研究员

王涛,男,出生于1934年1月,山东昌邑人,汉族。1960年毕业于山东海洋学院海洋系,同年分配至中国科学院海洋研究所,从事海浪学研究。研究员。1963年,他首先提出了能描述成长与消衰全过程的涌浪谱。其中引进了波散概念和滤波理论。1966－1968年,他通过大规模观测和模型实验,系统研究了海军561291程的缺陷,提出了消除灾害的工程方案,取得了良好效果,获得舰队好评。1978年,在与日本合作开发渤海BZ28—l油田中,他通过反复论证,与日方3个专家组进行辩论,力主将日方专家坚持已应用的12m设计波高减至78m以下,从此为渤海石油平台设计…