Bioerosion on Late Pleistocene Marine Mollusks: A Paleoclimatological and Paleoecological Comparison of MIS 7 and MIS 5e with Modern Beaches (Río Negro, Argentina)

The Late Pleistocene littoral ridges of southern South America, especially those of the north of Argentinean Patagonia, contain remains of mollusk shells with bioerosion traces. Eleven sites from marine isotope stages (2 from MIS 7, 4 from MIS 5e) and five sites from modern beaches from northern Río Negro Province, with 40 taxa (17 bivalves and 23 gastropods) were analyzed, in the area between west of Baliza San Matías and Las Grutas (41°S). Three ichnogenera were identified in deposits of MIS 7: Entobia, Gastrochaenolites (Domichnia) and Oichnus (Praedichnia) with one ichnospecies (G. torpedo). Six ichnogenera were identified in deposits of MIS 5e: Entobia, Meandropolydora, Pinaceocladichnus, Iramena, Caulostrepsis and Oichnus with one ichnospecies (O. simplex). Seven ichnogenera were identified from modern beaches: Entobia, Meandropolydora, Iramena, Caulostrepsis, Pinaceocladichnus, Gastrochaenolites (Domichnia) and Oichnus (Praedicnia), with two ichnospecies (O. simplex and O. paraboloides). On this basis, it is inferred that Pleistocene benthic communities were constituted from cheilostome bryzoans and polychaete annelids, together with drilling bivalves, predatory gastropods and overall warm-water species of mollusks. Of these, Chama iudicai was found on Plicatula gibbosa from MIS 7 and MIS 5e. The record of warm temperature species suggests a higher sea surface temperature (SST) than the present one and/or the influence of the warm southward Brazilian Current affecting the waters of Golfo San Matías. On the modern beaches surveyed, there is an increase in polychaete annelids, cheilostome bryzoans, temperate-cold species and drilling bivalves, as well as sandy substrate species, which together with an increase of Gastrochaenolites and Caulostrepsis, suggest a colder climate due to the greater influence of the Malvinas Current during the Holocene.     

喀喇沁—北票地区太古宙花岗岩—绿岩地体特征及其对金矿控制作用探讨

通过对区内太古宙变质岩的岩石类型、产状特征、原岩类型讨论认为，喀喇沁－北票地区的太古宙变质岩石属于火山－沉积岩和花岗侵入岩变质建造。可以划分为两种不同系列的组成：（１）斜长角闪岩＋磁铁石英岩＋角闪石岩、辉石岩，代表了本区的“绿岩”组分；（２）斜长片麻岩，代表了太古宙中酸性侵入体（ＴＴＧ岩套）。本区的太古宙花岗岩－绿岩地体经受了早期塑性变形和后期脆性变形、中生代的强烈花岗质岩浆侵入作用，金矿床受“绿     

辽河油田大民屯凹陷东部陡坡带的构造演化特征

通过叠前时间偏移三维连片地震资料的对比解释,对辽河油田大民屯凹陷的地质结构、形成演化有了新的认识。始新世至渐新世为典型的东断西超伸展型箕状断陷,东部形成陡坡带,西部为斜坡,沉积沉降中心位于荣胜堡洼陷。东部陡坡带构造演化主要经历了伸展裂陷、压扭走滑断裂系改造、坳陷和挤压反转4个阶段。早期伸展断层被后期压扭断裂系改造后形成多种构造样式和圈闭,这些构造圈闭紧邻生油洼陷,具有优越的成藏条件,尤其是在原始伸展断面基础上形成的花状构造带、挤压背斜、逆冲断块、浅层反转构造等均具有良好的勘探前景。     

双台子河口区水中重金属污染评价及其生态效应分析

对研究区的地表水、地下水以及海水分别采样，并进行重金属含量分析研究，参照有关标准进行了水中重金属污染评价，结果表明：地下水中基本上不存在重金属污染；各种水中不存在砷污染；镉污染相对比较普遍；在海水中，翅碱蓬退化与重金属铜、锌、铅、铬、镍的污染关系密切。     

南黄海低信噪比地震资料处理技术探索

随着南黄海海相碳酸盐岩油气地震调查的展开,提高海相碳酸盐岩目标层低信噪比地震资料的成像品质,已成为地震处理工作的主要任务。在充分分析了地震地质条件和原始资料特征的基础上,总结了成像处理存在的主要问题,探索了针对性处理技术流程并进行了攻关试验工作,建立了以叠前综合多域噪声压制、多次波联合衰减、大偏移距各向异性动校正、各向异性叠前时间偏移等关键技术方法组成的处理流程。资料处理结果表明,地震剖面的成像精度显著提高,各种地质现象反射特征突出,有效地提高资料解释的准确性。     

Assessment of phosphogypsum impact on the salt-marshes of the Tinto river (SW Spain): role of natural attenuation processes

About 120 Mton of phosphogypsum from the fertiliser industry were stack-piled on the salt-marshes of the Tinto river (Spain). This paper investigates the capacity of salt-marshes to attenuate contamination due to downward leaching from phosphogypsum. Solids and pore-waters were characterized at different depths of the pile to reach the marsh-ground. In superficial zones, metals were highly mobile, and no reduced sulphur was found. However, pollutant concentration decreased in the pore-water in deeper oxygen-restricted zones. Metal removal occurred by precipitation of newly formed sulphides, being this process main responsible for the contamination attenuation. Pyrite-S was the main sulphide component (up to 2528 mg/kg) and occurred as framboids, leading to high degrees of pyritization (up to 97%). The sulphidization reaction is Fe-limited; however, excess of acid-volatile sulphide over other metals cause precipitation of other sulphides, mainly of Cu and As. This decrease in metal mobility significantly minimises the impact of phosphogypsums on the salt-marshes.     

珠峰农牧社区山地景观下的雪豹栖息地利用特征（英文）

雪豹(Panthera uncia)是青藏高原南缘喜马拉雅山地的顶级捕食者,其中段的珠峰国家级自然保护区是雪豹的重要栖息地之一。随着保护区内外几十年来快速的经济发展和人口增长,雪豹面临许多人为干扰和栖息环境改变所带来的压力。为了更好地了解该区域雪豹的栖息地利用情况,以及人类活动对雪豹栖息地利用的影响,我们采用景观生态学动态视角,基于多尺度和占域模型开展了本研究。首先,我们在面积 825 km²的样地系统布设 118 台红外相机开展野外调查。进而依据雪豹生态学特性和当地环境特征,选取若干自然环境与人为干扰因子,并利用各因子间的组合构建栖息地利用模型,基于红外相机数据,分别对雪豹栖息地利用进行了冬夏两个不同季节(共计 180 天)的比较研究。结果表明,冬夏两季的最佳模型分别是栖息地(HABITAT)模型和人为影响(ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE)模型(AICc_w≤2)。就模型总体表现而言,冬季优于夏季,表明夏季雪豹栖息地利用存在有未被探测到的变量的可能性;单变量模型表明雪豹在冬季倾向于利用较高崎岖度和更大尺度的栖息地(多尺度焦点...     

Oil spill detection with fully polarimetric UAVSAR data

In this study, two ocean oil spill detection approaches based on four scattering matrices measured by fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) are presented and compared. The first algorithm is based on the co-polar correlation coefficient, ρ, and the scattering matrix decomposition parameters, Cloud entropy (H), mean scattering angle (α) and anisotropy (A). While each of these parameters has oil spill signature in it, we find that combining these parameters into a new parameter, F, is a more effective way for oil slick detection. The second algorithm uses the total power of four polarimetric channels image (SPAN) to find the optimal representation of the oil spill signature. Otsu image segmentation method can then be applied to the F and SPAN images to extract the oil slick features. Using the L-band fully polarimetric Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle – synthetic aperture radar (UAVSAR) data acquired during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster event in the Gulf of Mexico, we are able to successfully extract the oil slick information in the contaminated ocean area. Our result shows that both algorithms perform well in identifying oil slicks in this case.     

泰国湾第四纪准层序建造及气候控制的旋回性

泰国湾第四系显示出很好的旋回性。通过高分辨率二维地震(布玛)剖面图及工程钻井资料,共识别出8个准层序。在典型准层序中,沉积物自下而上,从海相泥沉积逐渐过渡为泛滥平原沉积。在每个准层序顶部都发育下切河体系及古土壤层,说明在每个准层序形成之后,都曾暴露过地表并遭受到侵蚀。每个准层序都代表一个海进和海退的过程。这些准层序的厚度为6～22m不等,平均厚度13m左右。通过与第四纪氧同位素曲线对比得出,这8个旋回的形成年代可追溯到距今730～10ka,平均91ka为一个循环周期,表明这些旋回应该是由气候因素所驱使的海平面升降导致的。该频率的气候变化周期相当于Milankovitch旋回中地球围绕太阳运动椭球体偏心率的变化周期,因此,在更早的地质历史时期中,类似的旋回也应该存在,并具有全球可对比性。