Use of rare earth element patterns to trace the provenance of the atmospheric dust near Beijing, China

Atmospheric dust is one of the important indicators of urban air quality. In this study, atmospheric dust and topsoil samples were collected monthly from four sites in Beijing and surrounding areas, and analyzed for rare earth elements (REEs). Total REE concentrations (∑REE) in the dusts ranged from 43.10 to 164.43 mg kg^?1; concentrations in Beijing and Miyun were higher than those in Zhangbei and Fengning. Most of sampling sites showed the same seasonal depletion in dust ∑REE concentrations in summer, probably caused by the “dilution effect” of added organic matter in summertime samples. Most of the dusts have consistent Ce-anomaly (Ce/Ce*) values (0.91–1.00) and Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*) values (0.93–1.36); some dusts show slight positive Eu anomalies. The REE patterns of both the dusts and topsoils (normalized to post-Archean shales from Australia, PASS) show different signatures at different sites, whereas the temporal patterns are consistent at each site. These results suggest that local topsoils are likely to be the main provenance of the dusts in the study area.     

Investigations on the extraction of molybdenum and vanadium from ammonia leaching residue of spent catalyst

Extraction of molybdenum and vanadium from ammonia leaching residue (main chemical composition: 2.05% Mo, 0.42% V, 65.6% Al₂O₃ and 10.7% SiO₂) of spent catalyst was investigated by roasting the residue with soda carbonate, followed by hydrometallurgical treatment of the roasted products. In the roasting process, over 91.3% of molybdenum and 90.1% of vanadium could be extracted when a charge containing a sodium carbonate to spent catalyst ratio of 0.15 was roasted at 750 °C for 45 min and the roasted mass was leached with water (liquid to solid ratio of 2) at 80–90 °C for 15 min. After the purification of leach liquor, an extraction solvent consisting of 20 vol.% trialkylamine (N₂₃₅, commercialized in China) and 10 vol.% secondary octyl alcohol (phase modifier) dissolved in sulfonated kerosene was used to extract molybdenum and vanadium in leach liquor. 10 wt.% ammonia water was used as stripping agent. Adding 30 g/l NH₄NO₃ to the stripping solution and adjusting the pH to 7–8.5, over 99% of vanadium can be crystallized as ammonium metavanadate. Over 98% of molybdenum can be crystallized as ammonium polymolybdate when pH is between 1.5 and 2.5 (pH is adjusted by HNO₃). Ammonium metavanadate and ammonium polymolybdate were calcinated at 500–550 °C, the purity of MoO₃ and V₂O₅ was 99.08% and 98.06% respectively. In the whole process, 88.2% of molybdenum and 87.1% of vanadium could be achieved. The proposed roasting, leaching and separation steps give a feasible alternative for the processing of ammonia leaching residue of spent catalyst and can be applied in the comprehensive utilization of low grade molybdenum ores.     

在线液-液萃取微型万用分相器的设计和应用Ⅲ.流动注射液-液萃取-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱测定矿石中钼和钨

设计的在线液-液萃取分相器及相应流路系统与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱联用具有良好的分析性能.用于测定地质样品中的Mo和W,检出限(3σ)分别为3.6 μg/L和28 μg/L,两元素在0～2.0 mg/L有良好的线性.对于1 mg/L的Mo和W的测定,RSD(n=7)分别为4.0%和2.7%,测定速率为25～30/h.     

晚三叠世卡尼期黑色页岩事件在龙门山地区的沉积学和古生物学响应

龙门山前缘地区卡尼阶-诺利阶马鞍塘组中部发育一套薄-中层状黑灰色、灰黑色、黑色（含介壳）钙质泥（页）岩,在该套岩石中瓣鳃类生物多见,原生二价金属硫化物（黄铁矿）发育,水平层理发育,显示着低能环境贫氧条件的典型特征。与马鞍塘组中部黑灰色、灰黑色钙质泥（页）岩相当层位的卡尼期晚期沉积,在松潘-甘孜地区、昌都地区、可可西里地区均可见到,多显示为黑色、灰黑色色调,岩性为泥（页）岩或粉砂质板岩、钙质板岩,反映了一次黑色页岩地质事件在中国西部古特提斯东部地区产生了大范围的影响。全球对比表明,该套深色泥（页）岩在西特提斯、印度喜玛拉雅等地均有分布,覆盖在卡尼期早期碳酸盐沉积之上。据此,作者认为晚三叠世卡尼期特提斯范围的黑色页岩事件,很有可能与卡尼期全球性的碳酸盐生产危机有关,马鞍塘组中部发育的深色泥（页）岩即是此次事件在扬子地台西缘的反映。根据对川西北地区绵竹汉旺、安县雎水、江油马鞍塘等剖面的实际考察与研究,认为代表缺氧事件沉积的马鞍塘组中部黑灰色泥（页）岩之下为卡尼阶灰岩段（即汉旺组中下部灰岩段,主要为鲕粒灰岩、海绵礁灰岩等）,之上为诺利阶灰色粉、细砂岩夹灰岩、泥岩段（相当于石元组）。黑灰色钙质泥（页）岩不仅是该组岩性变化的转折点,亦是古生物、古生态急剧变化的转折点。在马鞍塘组下部广泛可见的六射海绵、海百合、苔藓虫、珊瑚等海相化石在马鞍塘组中上部地层（上卡尼阶至诺利阶底部）中很少看到,仅见丰富的瓣鳃类、菊石、腕足类等有壳类动物化石。
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普朗斑岩型铜矿区矿化蚀变特征矿物填图及找矿潜力分析：来自资源一号02D遥感卫星的证据

随着近年来取得重要找矿突破的普朗斑岩型铜矿的规模化开采，进一步摸清首采区外围资源潜力任务紧迫。遥感技术尤其是国产卫星资源一号02D星等高光谱卫星成功发射，为我国高海拔艰苦地区快速精准识别与矿化相关的蚀变矿物提供了可能。针对以往对植被覆盖区高光谱矿物识别有效性方法探索不足，本文选取普朗铜矿区为研究，采用资源一号02D高光谱遥感数据，使用比值植被指数划分植被覆盖区及非植被覆盖区。基于实测波谱，分层次构建了植被覆盖区及非植被覆盖区与普朗铜矿矿化密切相关的绢云母、绿泥石、绿帘石蚀变特征矿物波谱曲线，并采用匹配滤波方法开展了蚀变矿物填图示范应用。野外验证表明：该方法可有效探测普朗斑岩型铜矿外围尤其是首采区东侧植被覆盖区绢云母等蚀变特征矿物分布信息，结果显示普朗首采区东侧具有较大找矿潜力。     

Non-Darcian effect on a sinusoidal pumping test in a leaky confined aquifer

Hydrogeology Journal - Sinusoidal pumping tests have been widely used to determine aquifer hydraulic properties because of the advantages of separable background pressure, lower disposal costs for...