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91.
A coupled regional air-sea model is developed by using the regional climate model (P-σ RCM)and the regional ocean model (POM),which is used to simulate East Asian monsoon and oceanicelements in East Asian coastal waters.The simulated surface layer oceanic elements are basicallyconsistent with the reality and can reflect the interaction between the monsoon and the surfacelayer currents.The great difference with the reality is “cold drift” of the simulated surfacetemperature.The coupled model has certain ability to simulate the atmosphere geopotential heightfields,precipitation and low-level southwest wind from May to August in 1998.It can display theprocess of summer monsoon onset during the third dekad of May and the evolution features afterthe onset.The differences between the simulation results of the coupled model and that of thesingle P-a RCM are shown mainly in the low-level atmosphere and the model internal regions.  相似文献   
92.
An ocean biogeochemistry model was developed and incorporated into a global ocean general circulation model (LICOM) to form an ocean biogeochemistry general circulation model (OBGCM). The model was used to study the natural carbon cycle and the uptake and storage of anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean. A global export production of 12.5 Pg C yr-1 was obtained. The model estimated that in the pre-industrial era the global equatorial region within 15o of the equator released 0.97 Pg C yr-1 to the atmosphere, which was balanced by the gain of CO2 in other regions. The post-industrial air-sea CO2 flux indicated the oceanic uptake of CO2 emitted by human activities. An increase of 20-50 mol kg-1 for surface dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations in the 1990s relative to pre-industrial times was obtained in the simulation, which was consistent with data-based estimates. The model generated a total anthropogenic carbon inventory of 105 Pg C as of 1994, which was within the range of estimates by other researchers. Various transports of both natural and anthropogenic DIC as well as labile dissolved organic carbon (LDOC) were estimated from the simulation. It was realized that the Southern Ocean and the high-latitude region of the North Pacific are important export regions where accumulative air-sea CO2 fluxes are larger than the DIC inventory, whereas the subtropical regions are acceptance regions. The interhemispheric transport of total natural carbon (DIC+LDOC) was found to be northward (0.11 Pg C yr-1), which was just balanced by the gain of carbon from the atmosphere in the Southern Hemisphere.  相似文献   
93.
速度型记录设备的地震速报,一般直接使用记录到的波形数据计算震级(速度震级).编写台网观测报告,需要把速度波形仿真成位移后再计算震级(仿真震级).本文利用北京市地震台网2003年以来1 000多条记录,以全网、单台两种方式研究了上述两种震级的关系,结果表明.它们之间存在很好的线性关系,且与震中距、台基、设备等因素有关.建议在速报阶段,可用震级差和线性关系两种方法对仿真震级进行估计.  相似文献   
94.
By Using the P-σ five-layer primitive equation model,three sets of numerical experiments are performedwith normal zonal mean SST(the control case),the positive SST anomalies in the Kuroshio current andeast-of-Japan Ocean(the midlatitude western Pacific),and positive SST anomalies over both the midlatitudeand the equatorial western Pacific.The experimental results show that the positive SST anomalies over themidlatitude western Pacific have great influence on the Asian summer monsoon:the Indian monsoon is weak-ened and the East Asian monsoon is intensified.This happens just reverse to the effects of positive SSTanomalies over the equatorial westero Pacific on the Asian summer monsoon.Further,the influence mechanismof the SST anomalies over the midlatitude westcrn Pacific on the Asian summer monsoon is discussed.  相似文献   
95.
A coupled regional air-sea model is developed by using the regional climate model (P-σ RCM) and the regional ocean model (POM),which is used to simulate East Asian monsoon and oceanic elements in East Asian coastal waters.The simulated surface layer oceanic elements are basically consistent with the reality and can reflect the interaction between the monsoon and the surface layer currents.The great difference with the reality is "cold drift" of the simulated surface temperature.The coupled model has certain ability to simulate the atmosphere geopotential height fields,precipitation and low-level southwest wind from May to August in 1998.It can display the process of summer monsoon onset during the third dekad of May and the evolution features after the onset.The differences between the simulation results of the coupled model and that of the single P-σ RCM are shown mainly in the low-level atmosphere and the model internal regions.  相似文献   
96.
波浪会对海床产生反复的作用力,由此引起的土体颗粒间孔隙水压力变化是造成土体液化的主要原因。使用自行研发的孔压监测设备,对黄河口埕岛海域易液化区海底孔压进行了长时间、高精度的观测,并对孔隙水压力、波高以及潮位间的关系进行分析。监测结果显示,本次监测条件下波浪最大作用深度介于0.5~1.5 m之间,超过该作用深度后孔压无明显变化。土体内部孔隙水压力的变化主要由潮位和波高决定,潮位的作用可使孔压缓慢平滑的变化且对超孔压无影响;波高的作用可使孔压快速、剧烈地振荡并导致超孔压的出现。  相似文献   
97.
刘勇  袁海锋  高耀  赵永福  徐国盛 《地质学报》2017,91(11):2573-2583
准噶尔盆地西北缘哈山地区经历了多期强烈构造活动,石炭系、二叠系裂缝发育且普遍充填方解石脉。通过对充填方解石脉的碳、氧、锶同位素和流体包裹体等地球化学分析,探讨了该区石炭系、二叠系成缝期后的地层流体活动及其与油气成藏的关系。结果表明,充填的方解石普遍受火山热液与油源流体的双重影响,δ13 C特征反映形成方解石的碳元素存在两类来源:地幔和大气CO2,δ18 O偏负特征主要反映高温流体介质的影响,87Sr/86Sr比值说明其受幔源锶和壳源锶的混合叠加影响;综合分析认为,区内裂缝充填的方解石脉存在三种成因机制:火山热液成因、油源流体改造成因和大气水改造成因,分别对应于三类流体活动,第一类,二叠纪火山热液的活动,第二类,晚二叠世以来的油源流体,第三类,燕山期—喜马拉雅期的大气水。与油源流体有关的方解石脉中次生含烃盐水包裹体的均一温度分布在70~80℃,100~110℃,130~160℃三个温度区间,分别对应二叠纪末、三叠纪末、白垩纪末三期油源流体充注,油源流体活动对区内石炭系、二叠系的油气成藏具有重要贡献。  相似文献   
98.
本文用美国普林斯顿大学海洋模式(POM)的南海版本(SCS-POM) 模拟了持续冬季风风应力作用下,南海海流的响应特征。结果表明,从静止的海洋 出发,定常冬季风风应力驱动下的南海海流有明显的时间变化,垂直积分后的海流 (全流)约需120天左右的时间,方能达到准稳定态,表层、次表层和深层海流的时 间演变也有类似特征。模拟结果还表明,SCS-POM有能力模拟出南海边界流、沿 岸流和海流的涡旋状结构。  相似文献   
99.
索马里低空气流的数值模拟   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3  
本文用P-σ混合坐标系五层初始方程模式,模拟了索马里过赤道低空气流的发展过程并对其形成机制进行了讨论.指出,索马里低空气流的发展可分为二个基本阶段:第一个阶段为低空气流在贴近地面的层次上发展,略高的层次上有序的气流尚未形成;第二个阶段为低空气流在近地层继续加强,同时较高层次上也出现了有序的气流.结构分析表明,索马里低空气流一般在700hPa以下,在索马里海岸附近有一个热力性垂直环流,索马里低空气流穿过其中。有关形成机制的模拟实验表明,在边界层中,气流的发展主要决定于非绝热加热的海陆不均匀分布,与地形高低的  相似文献   
100.
The atmospheric dynamic equations have been transformed from the z-coordinate system into a generalized vertical coordinate system by using a so-called DDD transformation method. Then the general-ized system is assumed being pressure, sigma or incorporated pressure-sigma coordinate system and corre-sponding equations are obtained with the second-order accuracy. It is pointed out that the usual equations are only of the first-order accuracy when their space-differential terms are approximated by central finite differences. Therefore the usual forms of the equations may result in quite large errors on steep slopes of mountains included in a model.  相似文献   
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