阿尔金断裂晚新生代左旋走滑位错的地质新证据

通过对沿阿尔金断裂中段 (位于东经 88°至 92°)发育的晚第三纪走滑盆地沉积历史和走滑变形过程的野外观测以及对第四纪索尔库里盆地形成和演化过程的沉积环境复原的分析 ,提出了阿尔金断裂中段晚新生代左旋走滑位错的地质新证据。研究表明 ,晚第三纪走滑盆地经历了中新世晚期至上新世早期斜张走滑拉分和上新世晚期以来左旋错动的演化过程 ,沉积体沿断裂的错位分布特征指示至少发生了 80 km的左旋走滑位错。发育于阿尔金山链内部的索尔库里盆地起源于晚第三纪早期强烈的侵蚀作用 ,成为柴达木盆地快速沉积的主要物源区。该侵蚀盆地于中晚更新世闭合并演化成一个独立的沉积盆地。通过侵蚀盆地外流通道的复原指示阿尔金断裂自晚第三纪以来累积了 80～ 1 0 0 km的左旋位错。在此基础上 ,结合穿越断裂构造的 级区域水系形成的洪积裙宽度和主干河道沿断裂迹线的拐折长度 ,探讨了阿尔金断裂晚新生代左旋走滑位错量沿走向分布的特征 ,估算了左旋走滑速率     

地形与双冷锋的锋生过程

本文利用半地转模式，讨论了双冷锋的锋生过程及其越过山脉的演变。结果显示，在变形场作用下，双冷锋在移行过程中会发生上层锋合并的现象。在锋生过程中，下层前一条冷锋加强远大于后一条，在上层则是后一条冷锋的加强远大于前一条。地形对双冷锋有重大影响，山的迎风坡对冷锋移行有阻挡作用，并削弱锋的强度，背风坡则加速锋的移行，并加强锋的强度。山对双冷锋的上层锋的合并有促进作用，并造成近地面锋区呈现鼻状突出；地形促使锋区垂直速度大大增大，并导致其产生跳跃式变化；地形对锋的影响限于下层锋区。     

Types and Ore-forming Conditions of Gold Deposits in the Jinsha River-Lancang River-Nujiang River Area

The Jinsha River-Lancang River-Nujiang River area is one of the important prospect areas for noble metal and nonferous metal deposits of China. Of a great variety of gold deposits present in this area, the following types seem to be economically most valuable and promising: tectonic alteration type in ophiolitic melange; polymetallic quartz vein type related to intermediate-acid intrusions; finely disseminated type in fracture zones; mixed hydrothermal type in tectonic fractures of carbonate rocks; hydrothermal type related to subvolcanic rocks; volcanic-hot spring type; submarine volcano exhalation-sedimentary-hydrothermal reformation type. Metallogenic epochs are exclusively Mesozoic and Cenozoic, and ore deposits and orebodies are controlled by linear structures. Magmatic activity has affected gold mineralization in varying degrees, and gold deposits are basically of mesothermal-epithermal type with ubiquitous and intense alterations. Ore-forming materials and hydrothermal solutions show multi-source character.     

大别山双河长英质片麻岩在1.0～4.5GPa下的结晶实验及其地质意义

在７５０～１２００℃、１．０～４．５ＧＰａ条件下对取自于大别山双河的长英质片麻岩进行了重结晶实验。在７５０℃时,随压力增加矿物生成顺序为：角闪石在１．７５ＧＰａ时出现,２．５ＧＰａ时消失;黑云母在１．７５ＧＰａ时通过水化反应生成多硅白云母;绿帘石可以稳定到＞３．５ＧＰａ,在４ＧＰａ时转变成硬柱石;石榴石和绿辉石在１．５ＧＰａ时开始出现,而斜长石在１．７５ＧＰａ时消失;石英在３ＧＰａ时转变为柯石英。这表明角闪岩相与榴辉岩相的转变发生在１．５～１．７５ＧＰａ,并且,榴辉岩相可进一步划分出角闪榴辉岩相、柯石英榴辉岩相和硬柱石榴辉岩相等,它们分别指示不同的压力区间。多硅白云母是长英质岩石在高压－超高压条件下的主要共生矿物,其水化反应特性及结构水的保存致使陆壳在深俯冲过程中未发生明显的脱水作用,这是大别山碰撞带未能形成钙碱性岩浆弧的主要原因。     

Geochemistry,zircon U–PB ages and HF isotopes of the Muong Luan granitoid pluton,Northwest Vietnam and its petrogenetic significance

The Indosinian Orogeny plays a significant role in tectonic background and magmatic evolution in Indochina and surrounding regions. Being a part product of the Indosinian magmatism in northwest Vietnam during late Permian–middle Triassic period, Muong Luan granitoid pluton dominantly consists of granodiorite, less diorite and granite. This pluton is located in the Song Ma suture and assigned to the Dien Bien complex. Geochemically, the Muong Luan granitoid rocks are characterized by a wide range of SiO₂ contents (59.9–75.1 wt%) and high K₂O contents. They display typical features of I‐type granites. The presence of hornblende and no muscovite and cordierite in the rocks further supports for I‐type character of granitoids. The emplacement age of the Muong Luan pluton obtained by LA–ICP–MS U–Pb zircon is at 242–235 Ma, corresponding to Indosinian time. Zircon ε_Hf values of –5.6 to –10.4, in combination with moderate Mg values of 34–45 suggested that the Muong Luan granitoid was derived from partial melting of mafic crustal source rocks, which are probably Paleoproterozoic in age as revealed by Hf model ages (T_DM2 = 1624–1923 Ma).     

燕山地区印支期构造应力场的计算分析

在区域构造解析的基础上,作者建立起燕山地区印支期古构造应力场,并利用有限元迭代法进行了构造应力场的数学模拟,取得了较为满意的结果。      

燕山地区平衡地质剖面研究

本文在深入分析燕山地区区域地质背景和地壳表层结构的基础上,确定了中生代构造形变平衡剖面计算的准则和主要滑脱层,对区内3条主要构造剖面进行了平衡计算,并运用各种尺度的多种应变测量数据对计算结果进行了有效核查,得出燕山造山带印支期SN方向缩短率为27.9%,燕山期缩短率为10.9%,较为准确地描述了燕山造山带中生代构造形变的面貌      

基于塑性损伤的黏土岩力学特性研究

一系列三轴压缩试验表明,黏土岩的力学特性与其应力状态相关。主要表现为：围压越大,黏土岩试样应力峰值越大,且峰值出现得越晚。这是因为高围压试样内部微裂纹闭合趋势更加明显,从而对于微裂纹的发展具有一定的抑制作用。但在软化过程中应力的跌落程度受围压影响不大,这是因为软化过程中,不同围压作用下试样内部的微裂纹均逐渐贯通,并发展成同类型的剪切面,对试样力学性能的削弱大致相同。在试验研究基础上,以微裂纹作为损伤基元,引入受应力状态影响的损伤演化方程（因微裂纹的发展受应力变化影响）,建立新的本构模型,通过Abaqus及子程序对新模型进行数值实现。模拟结果与试验结果对比表明,该模型可以有效地描述黏土岩的力学特性。研究成果为黏土岩相关地下工程施工提供了更可靠的理论指导。     

甘肃北山白墩子-小西弓韧性剪切带及其控矿作用

白墩子—小西弓韧性剪切带是甘肃北山地区8条韧性剪切带中最南侧的一条, 位于北山南带的白墩子—小西弓一带, 呈近东西向展布, 长160km, 宽5~8km。该韧性剪切带以近水平右行剪切为特点, 是一条形成于中低—中偏高温度、较低差应力条件(53~106MPa)下的韧性剪切带, 主应变(Rxz)为4~20, 剪应变(γ)1.41~2.42, 剪位移达10~25km。该韧性剪切带对金矿床控制作用明显, 在区域上控制金矿床(点)的分布, 在矿床范围内控制金矿化带、矿体的形态、产状和规模。压扭性韧性剪切变形特点决定了金矿化类型以蚀变糜棱岩型为主, 蚀变以交代作用为特色。金矿化稍晚于韧性变形。      

Fate of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in purple clam Hiatula rostrata,in outdoor culture and laboratory culture

Purple clams (Hiatula rostrata Lighttoot) accumulate paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins produced by a toxic strain of the dinoflagellate Alexandriun minutum Halim. The results confirm the data of our previous study concerning the muscle and siphon that were not showing a gradual rise in toxicity when shellfish accumulated more A. minutum. However, muscle and siphon are intermittently toxic both in exposure and depuration period in laboratory cultured purple clams. PSP toxins were detected in outdoor cultured purple clams, whereas no A. minutum were found in the culture pond during most of the survey time. The outdoor cultured purple clams need longer time to decrease toxicity to allowable levels than laboratory cultured purple clams. It was shown that laboratory data may not predict times over which pond-cultured purple clams may prove toxic to consumers.