渤海海域莱州湾凹陷油气超晚期成藏与油气运移滞后效应

油气运移滞后效应是指油气从烃源岩中生成并排出的时间早,而聚集成藏的时间晚,油气经历了长时间长距离运移,已聚集成藏的油气相态与成熟度低于现今烃源岩成熟演化的现象.这种油气运移滞后效应在东部新生代陆相断陷盆地中普遍存在,在斜坡带表现最为明显.通过利用地球化学分析,平衡剖面技术、盆地模拟、包裹体分析等手段,对渤海海域莱州湾凹...     

造山带中增生楔识别与地质意义

增生楔主要由海沟复理石、远洋—半远洋沉积和洋岛/海山等大洋板块地层岩石及蛇绿岩共同构成,是汇聚板块边缘古俯冲带构造—沉积作用的综合产物,以发育叠瓦状逆冲断层、双冲断层和紧闭—倒转褶皱,以及片理、碎裂构造、小型褶皱、膝折等不同尺度的构造为特征。增生楔组成包括连续单元和混杂岩两部分,严格受滑脱面位置控制。增生楔是增生型造山带最基本大地构造相,它与弧前盆地、岛弧/大陆边缘弧的时空配置关系可直接指示大洋板块俯冲极性、揭示洋盆演化与造山作用方式。准确识别增生楔,详细解剖其结构特征与组成特征,综合判别并恢复大洋板块地层,可为古板块边界与古大洋盆地消亡位置确定、造山带结构精细划分及造山作用过程重建提供基本依据。大比例尺地质填图是研究增生楔结构和组成、以及大洋板块地层重建的有效手段。以南祁连拉脊山石灰窑增生楔为例,地质填图结果表明它是由中寒武世—早奥陶世洋壳物质构成,自北而南依次可分为海沟—大洋盆地—海山OPS和六道沟SSZ型蛇绿岩,被南倾逆冲断层分割成多个岩片。海沟—大洋盆地OPS岩片基本保留完整地层序列,海山OPS岩片包括连续单元和混杂岩两部分。顶帽山增生楔主要由海山OPS构成,内部结构层序相对完好,是南祁连构造带中保留最为完整、规模最大的海山OPS岩石组合序列。上述不同类型OPS片段和六道沟SSZ型蛇绿岩组成的增生楔与其南侧岛弧带同时代。增生楔—岩浆弧的时空配置暗示寒武纪—早奥陶世时期原特提斯洋自北向南俯冲极性。这些认识为南祁连早古生代火山—岩浆—沉积构造演化以及是否存在古洋盆与古洋盆演化重建提供基本佐证。     

新近系松散-半胶结砂砾石含水层的注浆改造试验及效果

矿井斜井开拓安全通过新近系砂砾石含水层是一个普遍的难题,为给斜井地面预注浆或帷幕注浆法过砾石层提供依据,新矿集团在内蒙古自治区上海庙西矿区黑梁煤矿主副斜井附近对总厚20—30m的新近系砾石层（夹砂质粘土层）进行了专门注浆试验及抽水、取心等对比验证工作。结果表明。松散一半胶结砾石层虽然在超过1MPa的注浆压力“阀值”后具有一定的可注性,但浆液扩散范围小于2-3m,而且扩散方式不规则、不可控、形不成可靠的浆液扩散加固圈,对砾石层的含、导水性未发现有改善效果。通过本次试验,较好地掌握了松散一半胶结砾石层注浆性能,获得了有关注浆参数和经验,对类似地层的注浆改造和井巷工程的安全施工具有指导意义。     

Timing of mineralization at the Shihu gold deposit in the middle segment of the Taihang Mountain,China

The Shihu gold deposit, located in the middle-south section of the core of the Fuping mantle branch structure, is hosted in the Archean Fuping Group and adjacent to the quartz diorite porphyrite. The gold deposit is the only large gold deposit with reserves of more than 30 tons gold discovered in western Hebei Province so far. In order to constrain the timing of mineralization of this ore deposit, this paper focuses on the isotopic dating of zircon and pyrite. Zircons in gold-bearing quartz veins are magmatic in origin and no hydrothermal zircon has been found in such quartz veins, indicating that zircons were derived from the wall rocks. U–Pb ages of zircons fall mainly in the two domains: 2492 ± 82 and 136 ± 4 Ma, respectively, indicative of the contribution of the Fuping-Group TTG gneiss and Yanshanian igneous rocks, respectively. The Re–Os isotopic compositions of pyrites in the gold-bearing quartz veins yield an isochron age of 127 ± 31 Ma. Combined with other dating results, we suggest that the main metallogenic age of the Shihu gold deposit is 120–127 Ma.     

羌塘地块东南部上三叠统巴贡组软沉积变形特征及其意义

羌塘地块东南部巴青、索县一带,在上三叠统巴贡组内发育大量未固结状态下发生的软沉积变形。其形态特征主要表现为枕状、球状、链状以及卷曲状,在平面较大范围内均有发现,纵向上密集分布,100余米长的扎德改剖面中发育有7层明显的软沉积变形构造。经过详细地变形特征描述与比对,认为这些软沉积变形主要是与地震振动相关的震积岩,部分变形清晰地显示出受伸展背景的控制。震积岩是软沉积物对古构造活动的记录,研究区内巴贡组震积岩的密集发育表明巴贡组沉积期区域构造活动强烈,对比晚三叠世早期地层中震积岩的发育状况,发现构造活动在诺利中晚期更加强烈,与羌塘地块中晚三叠世火山岩的年代呼应。     

Paleogene Deformation and its Control Mechanism in the Central Part of Raoyang SagEI北大核心CSCD

Various Palaeogenic deformations have been recognized in the central part of the Raoyang Sag. Based on seismic interpretation, the sedimentary sequences, structure features and activity of main faults have been studied. The results show that the Xianxian detachment fault, which is located in the eastern boundary of the Raoyang Sag, was still active during the Cenozoic and controlled the basinal deformation. The detachment depth and deformation of the Xianxian detachment fault are discussed based on the area-balance theory. The results reveal that patterns of the Paleogene structures vary considerably from the north to the south. Activity of the main faults in the hanging wall of the Xianxian detachment led to a westward migration of the deposition center. On the other hand, the uplifting of the dome related to the detachment resulted in fast denudation of the overlying sediments in locals. The deformation of detachment fault and activities of the major faults controlled the Paleogene deformation in the central part of the Raoyang Sag. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.     

Characteristics of wind-blown sand in the region of the Crescent Moon Spring of Dunhuang, China

Based on the detailed wind data, this paper aims to investigate wind regime, drift potential and the movement of mega-dunes at the Crescent Moon Spring, an important scenic spot in western China and to clarify the dominant factors that control sand transport in this region. The results of this paper revealed that the dominant wind directions at the spring were NW and SW. The spring region belonged to a low-energy wind environment. The wind regime and sand drift potential were hugely influenced by local topography, and the regional atmospheric circulation intensified the complexity of their variations. Besides, the movement of the southern and northern mega-dune towards the spring greatly endangered the preservation of this scenic spot. These results provide insights into the characteristics of wind-blown sand at the Crescent Moon Spring that will guide efforts to control sand damages.     

Analysis of the ore-controlling role of Guojiadian mantle branch structure, Northwest Shandong Peninsula, China

Metallogenesis in the gold ore-concentrated zone of Northwest Shandong Peninsula is closely related to deep processes.The region in the eastern part of North China entered into the stage of mantle plume evolution during the Yanshanian movement,following the long-time stage of stable platform evolution during Paleozoic time.At that time,the ore-concentrated zone of Northwest Shandong Peninsula just entered into the development-evolution stage of the Laiyang sub-mantle plume and the Guojiadian mantle branch structure in its periphery.The core-mantle-source gold was present in the gas-liquid form,and it migrated through mantle plume→sub-mantle plume→mantle branch structure→favorable tectonic expansion zone to the favorable loci of the mantle branch structure,where gold was deposited as ores,thereafter constituting a series of large-to medium-sized gold deposits distributed around the Guojiadian mantle branch structure.This study also dealt with the Jiaojia fault as the main detachment(fault altered rock) belt on the northwestern margin of the mantle branch structure and also presented a basic cognition about the fact that the Sanshandao fault as the listric fault on the hanging wall of the detachment belt.Furthermore,on this basis,this study also pointed out the orientation for further ore prospecting in this region.     

中国硫矿主要矿集区及其资源潜力探讨

介绍了两个主要矿集区成矿地质背景、成矿条件,及其典型矿床的研究,总结其成矿规律,建立成矿模式。中国硫铁矿的资源潜力,寄于深部找矿和前寒武纪古老地层的开发,应转移硫铁矿的工作重点于中、西部,扩大找矿线索,开辟新的找矿基地。     

郯庐断裂带中-南段中生代岩浆活动的构造背景与深部过程

郯庐断裂带内岩浆岩及糜棱岩的年龄及野外研究表明以中-酸性为主的岩浆活动主要发生在早白垩世走滑运动的晚期,岩石化学以富钾、富碱为特征;稀土元素以轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损为特征;微量元素表现出富集大离子亲石元素,尤其是强不相容元素;同位素组成显示岩浆来源于壳幔过渡带.带内岩浆活动明显受断裂带控制,走滑晚期的岩浆活动起源于地幔底侵、壳幔相互作用下的壳幔过渡带,在伊泽奈崎板块斜向俯冲、中国东部遭受区域性剪切-挤压的背景下出现.在此背景下中国东部发生了岩石圈减薄,同时出现了一系列北东-北北东向已深切至壳幔边界的左行平移断裂系,从而诱发了大规模的岩浆活动.