The prediction method of similar cycles

The concept of degree of similarity(η),is proposed to quantitatively describe the similarity of a parameter(e.g.the maximum amplitude Rmax)of a solar cycle relative to a referenced one,and the prediction method of similar cycles is further developed.For two parameters,the solar minimum(Rmin)and rising rate(βa),which can be directly measured a few months after the minimum,a synthesis degree of similarity(ηs)is defined as the weighted-average of theηvalues around Rmin and βa,with the weights given by the coef...     

Lensing clusters of galaxies in the SDSS-Ⅲ

We identify new strong lensing clusters of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS DR8) by visually inspecting color images of a large sample of clusters of galaxies. We find 68 new clusters showing giant arcs in addition to 30 known lensing systems. Among 68 cases, 13 clusters are almost certain lensing systems with tangential giant arcs, 22 clusters are probable and 31 clusters are possible lensing systems. We also find two exotic systems with blue rings. The giant arcs have angular separatio...     

The mini-QSO's contribution to cosmic reionization

By employing an improved simulation of the evolution of black holes(BHs)based on the merger tree of dark matter halos,we explore the relationship between the central BH mass Mbh and velocity dispersion σflat high redshift z≥6 and quantify the mini-QSO's(with BH mass M=200-105M)contribution to cosmic reionization.The simulation demonstrates how seed BHs migrate onto the MBH-σ* relation by merging with each other and accreting gas at z≥6:1.The correlation between BHs and their host halos increases as the BHs ...     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY OF HAIL CLOUD—PART Ⅰ:THE NUMERICAL MODEL

In order to study mechanisms of hailstone formation and hail suppression with seeding and toobtain optimum seeding technique for hail cloud,a 3-D compressive numerical seeding model forhail cloud is developed.The water substance in hail cloud is divided into 8 categories,i.e.,watervapor,cloud droplet,raindrop,ice crystal,snow.graupel,frozen drop and hail,and the detailedmicrophysical processes are described in a spectrum with two variable parameters and morereasonable particle number/size distributions.Then,the model is able to predict concentration andwater content of various particles.Especially.it can calculate the number of hailstones whosecores are graupel or frozen drop and apply to study mechanism of hailstone formation.Additionally,a conservative equation of AgI as seeding or glacigenous agent is found andnucleation by condensation of artificial nucleus,and nucleation by freezing of cloud droplet or raindrop which contact with AgI particle are considered.The dynamic energy flux of hail shooting onground is used to verify seeding effect.Therefore the model is also used to study mechanism of hailsuppression with seeding and the seeding technique,     

Resonant Heating of Ions by Parallel Propagating Alfvén Waves in Solar Coronal Holes

Resonant heating of H, O+5, and Mg+9 by parallel propagating ion cyclotron Alfven waves in solar coronal holes at a heliocentric distance is studied using the heating rate derived from the quasilinear theory. It is shown that the particle-AlfVen-wave interaction is a significant microscopic process. The temperatures of the ions are rapidly increased up to the observed order in only microseconds, which implies that simply inserting the quasilinear heating rate into the fluid/MHD energy equation to calculate the radial dependence of ion temperatures may cause errors as the time scales do not match. Different species ions are heated by Alfven waves with a power law spectrum in approximately a mass order. To heat O+5 over Mg+9 as measured by the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) in the solar coronal hole at a region ≥1.9.R, the energy density of Alfven waves with a frequency close to the O+5-cyclotron frequency must be at least double of that at the Mg+9-cyclotron frequency. With an appropriate wa     

AN IMPROVED LAND-SURFACE PROCESS MODEL AND ITS SIMULATION EXPERIMENT—PART II:COUPLING SIMULATION EXPERIMENT OF LAND-SURFACE PROCESS MODEL WITH REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL

The Land-surface Process Model(LPM-ZD)has been successfully coupled with the regionalclimate model RegCM2 of NCAR.Then thus-obtained coupled model(CRegCM)has been appliedto simulate the climate characteristics of heavy rain in middle and East China for three months fromMay to July 1991.and compared with model output of NCAR-RegCM2 using BATS as land-surface process scheme,abbreviated as NRegCM.The results show that CRegCM has good abilityand performance.CRegCM successfully simulates the extreme precipitation event and thesimulations of CRegCM for surface temperature and some physical variables related to land surfaceprocess are more reasonable than those of NRegCM.     

DINSAR数学模型的探讨

过去众多阐述INSAR或DINSAR的论文中，往往采用平行射线近似处理方法，舍去干涉图中随距离位置不同形成的相位成分，从而大大简化了后续的推导工作。但对于星载雷达而言，不能忽略微小项。通过平地相位去除处理，建立了严密的DINSAR用于形变量提取的数学模型。采用平行射线近似处理方法，即使通过类似的平地相位去除处理，尽管可以得到同样的数学表达式，但无法表达干涉相位准确的物理意义，论证也不严密。为此．对当前几乎已成定论的推论进行了修正，并进一步推出：如果观测期间没有发生形变，经过平地相位去除的干涉相位的比值与基线垂直分量的比值相等，与地形无关。     

The Relation between Tectonic Movement and Climatic Change

1SeesawphenomenonofoceaniccrustSince 1996, Yoshino etal.(2002) have been us-ing the space geodetic techniques to observe crustal deformation at four sites in Tokyo metropolitan area. It is called Keystone project (KSP). At the end of June in 2000, volcanic and seismic events star-ted at Izu islands, south of Tokyo. Following the ev-ent, extraordinary crustal deformation was observed not only around the Izu islands, but also at the Key-stone network, where the closest site is over 100…     

Early Jurassic Flora and Stratigraphy from Shansonggang of Southern Jilin,China

1IntroductionThe Shansonggang Basin, one of the Mesozoic coal-bearing basins in northeastern China, is located in southern Jilin Province, China and covering about 30 km2(Fig.1). The basin is lying in the northwest-ern margin of the Longgang anticline, just opposite to the Yihe Basin which lies in the southeastern margin of the anticline. During 1940s~1970 s, a lot of work on the survey of coal geology was made in the basin, but there has been a little knowledge about the plant fossils…     

The Kiloparsec-scale Structure of 3C 286

We present radio images of the compact steep spectrum (CSS) quasar 3C 286 acquired with the Very Large Array (VLA) at 8.4 and 22.5 GHz. The source exhibits a two-sided core-jet structure with a bright central component and two extended components one to the east (P.A. 100°) and another to the southwest (P.A. - 116°). From the compact core, an extension runs towards the southwest component up to - 0.7 arcsecond. The emission between the primary central component and the southwest component exhibits a knotty structure. A gradual change of the jet position angles from -135° to -120° in the inner southwest jet suggests a local bend. The position angle changes of the major eastern components E2 and El suggest that the eastern jet likely follows a curved trace. The bends in the jet trace may be associated with a relativistic precession or some interaction between the jet and the ambient matter. A mean spectral index of a22.58.4 - -0.76 (Sv ∝ va) is estimated for the core component. Steep spectra are also