赣南崇义地区淘锡坑钨矿的地质特征与成矿时代

江西省崇义县淘锡坑钨矿区位于南岭东西向构造带东段与武夷山北东-北北东向构造带南段的复合部位,是九龙脑-淘锡坑矿田的一个重要矿区,属于以石英脉型黑钨矿为主的钨多金属矿床.矿脉穿切于震旦系中,成矿主要受北西向断裂控制,成因与燕山期岩浆作用有关.选取含矿石英脉中与黑钨矿共生的辉钼矿进行Re-Os等时线年龄的测定,得到辉钼矿的等时线年龄为154 4Ma±3.8Ma,黑钨矿的模式年龄为164.0Ma±2.7Ma,表明该矿床形成于燕山早期.     

CMYK变换及其在图像处理与地学研究中的应用

简要地介绍了CMYK变换及其在图像处理与地学研究中的应用。与常规方法相比较,该方法具有算法简单、操作便捷并生成高质量图像等特点。通过对比分析发现,由此变换所处理出来的融合图像是其他任何方法所不能与之相比的。此外,CMYK变换还提供了一种全新的四波段图像数据合成方法,而且在将遥感图像与其他各类地学数据的综合处理、显示方面有着广阔的应用前景。     

阿拉善地块新生代构造作用——兼论阿尔金断裂新生代东向延伸问题

阿拉善地块在新生代的变形是青藏高原北部活动的直接结果,各方面的资料显示这种影响仅发生在中新世中晚期,前的活动性已经很低。阿尔金断裂的延伸并不能穿过阿拉善与南蒙古相关断裂相连,我们的研究更偏重认为阿尔金断裂没有进入阿拉善地区,而是经过金塔—花海盆地南缘的宽滩山—黑山地区与合黎山—龙首山南缘断裂相连,中新世中晚期,由于青藏高原北部重要的构造事件,青藏高原由南向北挤压河西走廊地区,造成了金塔—花海盆地内部由近南北向构造转变为近东西向构造。同时形成北山地区控制上第三系沉积(上新统)的东西向断裂。而阿拉善南缘产生右行走滑运动,地块的北部及内部则产生了近南北向的第三纪伸展构造,这些伸展构造以及金塔—花海盆地第三纪断裂控制的沉积与前人认为的强前陆、弱限制性边界的侧向挤出类似。我们认为阿拉善及蒙古地区中新世—上新世期间,由于受到青藏高原近南北向的挤压,产生区域性的"共轭"断裂系统,由于这些地区早期构造的控制,这些新活动的断裂主要迁就于老构造,以脆性活动为主,在蒙古国形成了沿阿尔泰山的北西—南东向断裂和东南部的北东—南西向"共轭"断裂系统,而阿尔金断裂与合黎山—龙首山南缘断裂则形成南侧的"共轭"断裂系统。北山以及金塔—花海地区则是这两组断裂的交汇地区,挤压作用明显,控制了新生代的沉积,并导致了新生代金塔—花海盆地的形成。阿拉善地块作为夹持在这两组断裂之间的地块,发生了一定程度的向东挤出运动,在其东缘贺兰山西侧形成了新生代的挤压构造,而在其东北缘和西南缘则迁就早期的韧性剪切带分别向北东和南西运动,产生相应的变形。该模型能够合理地解释阿拉善周围地区及其内部中新世以来的变形及其与青藏高原北部构造运动之间的关系。     

台湾海峡及两岸发震断裂的对比研究

对比研究了台湾海峡西岸福建沿海北东向龙海角美 -白云山断裂、台湾海峡北东向平潭牛山岛 -东山兄弟屿断裂和台湾海峡东岸台湾岛北东向中央山脉等断裂晚更新世以来的活动性及其与地震的关系。结果表明 ,作为欧亚大陆板块与太平洋菲律宾海板块的边界断裂之一的中央山脉断裂第四纪以来乃至现今仍具有强烈的活动 ,因而发生了 4次M≥ 7地震 ;作为台湾海峡沉降带与福建武夷 -戴云复式隆起的边界断裂的平潭牛山岛 -东山兄弟屿断裂全新世晚期 (2 5 0 0a以来 )仍具有强烈的活动 ,从而发生了 3次M≥ 7地震 ;作为北东向长乐 -诏安断裂带西界断裂组成部分的龙海角美 -白云山断裂晚更新世期间具有强烈的活动 ,因而发生了 5次M =5～ 6 地震     

A MULTIBLOCK PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES ALGORITHM FOR INVESTIGATING COMPLEX CHEMICAL SYSTEMS

The details of a general multiblock partial least squares(PLS)algorithm based on one originallypresented by Wold et al.have been developed and are completely presented.The algorithm can handlemost types of relationships between the blocks and constitutes a significant advancement in the modelingof complex chemical systems.The algorithm has been programmed in FORTRAN and has been testedon two simulated multiblock problems,a three-block and a five-block problem.The algorithm combinesthe score vectors for all blocks predicting a particular block into a new block.This new block is used topredict the predicted block in a manner analogous to the two-block PLS.In a similar manner if one blockpredicts more than one other block,the score vectors of all predicted blocks are combined to form a newblock,which is then predicted by the predictor block as in the two-block PLS.Blocks that both predictand are predicted are treated in such a way that both of these roles can be taken into account whencalculating interblock relationships.The results of numerical simulations indicate that the computerprogram is operating properly and that the multiblock PLS produces meaningful and consistent results.     

FACTOR ANALYSIS OF A SIMULATED DATA MATRIX INVOLVING AQUEOUS COMPLEX EQUILIBRIA

Abstract factor analyses were performed on databases consisting of simulated samples from aqueousequilbria.The program COMPLEX was used to generate equilibrium species in a system of three reactantmetals and five reactant bases.Reactant concentrations and pH were drawn from random-normaldistributions so that sample data vectors comprised a multivariate log-normal distribution of equilibriumconcentrations.In addition,sample groups were created containing different distributions for pH andreactant concentrations.Equilibrium species were shown to contain variance contributed by change in pH among samples aswell as change in reactant concentrations.Factor modelling revealed the qualitative relationships amongthe species and how the relationships change with pH.Factors also revealed those reactants containingvariance in the data matrix.In some cases,reactant variance obscured relationships between pH and theequilibrium species.Since factor modelling of a simulated data matrix revealed the expected chemical equilibriuminteractions,a potentially powerful tool exists for investigating the effects of outliers and error.     

RANK-ORDER ANALYSIS FOR ROBUST MULTIRESPONSE,MULTIBLOCK COMPARISONS:EVALUATION OF HERBICIDE INTERACTIONS

Studies of interactions among bioactive compounds are often difficult to interpret unambiguously.A priori assumptions about the nature of such interactions can seriously distort analysis of the data.Byapplying a rank order analysis appropriate to the naturally ordinal scale of response to xenobiotic insult,several co-herbicides were successfully identified from among numerous candidates in an experimentinvolving multiple blocks,rates and species.Moreover,underlying herbicide interactions weresubstantiated and identified which were not apparent by more traditional parametric analysis.     

利用GPS观测资料划分现今地壳活动块体的方法

利用GPS观测资料研究地球动力学问题是目前地学中的热点。利用GPS观测的速率(或位移)计算网格点附近小区域的应变张量和转动的欧拉极．再运用聚类分析法对计算的欧拉极进行分类，由此划分出地壳活动的次级块体。最后以中国大陆GPS观测结果为例，将中国大陆划分为9个活动块体，通过比较发现，所得结果与目前其他方法给出的结果大体一致。     

Two-step interface and velocity inversion—— Study o e of the Tangshan seismic region

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地震发生中长期预测中的非稳态泊松模型

基于实际地震的发生在一个活动期内具有加速活动的特点 ,作者提出一种非稳态泊松模型。与稳态泊松模型中地震发生率 ν为常数相对应 ,该模型中地震发生率 ν是随时间呈指数性增加。采用对数似然方法 ,通过使其最大化来确定模型的参数。作者以一个假想的时间序列 ,讨论了非稳态与稳态泊松模型之间的差别 ,并将该模型实际应用于华北地区汾渭地震带和华北平原地震带的中长期预测中