不同洞口位置节能砌块隐形密框复合墙体恢复力模型研究

为研究洞口位置对节能砌块隐形密框复合墙体滞回特性的影响,对6个采用低周反复加载方式的1/2缩尺试件的试验现象及数据进行分析。基于试验结果和现有恢复力模型理论,对试验数据进行拟合分析,利用退化四折线模型和回归方法,建立节能砌块隐形密框复合墙体的四折线恢复力模型。试验结果表明:当洞口位于墙体中间时,试件滞回环愈加丰满,试件初始刚度有所增加,承载力衰减速率减小,卸载刚度退化速率变慢。通过对骨架曲线特征参数的计算,并和试验骨架曲线对比,两者吻合较好,表明该恢复力模型可以较好的反映出不同洞口位置对其滞回特性的影响,可为节能砌块隐形密框复合墙体的弹塑性分析及工程应用提供参考。     

可可托海3号伟晶岩脉中蜕晶质化锆石微区研究

通过电子探针和激光拉曼光谱分析技术系统研究了阿尔泰可可托海3号伟晶岩中蜕晶质化锆石各部位的成分特征、结构变化和蜕晶质化程度间的关系,定量评测了放射性衰变对锆石不同部位结构的影响程度。成分分析结果表明此锆石为铪质锆石,具有明显的环带,其中核部U、Th含量高,边部U、Th含量低,而且锆石破碎区富含非化学式元素Ca、Al、P等,表明此处为锆石的薄弱区,已发生热液蚀变。拉曼光谱特征和锆石的辐射剂量值都表明,锆石核部发生了中度-高度的蜕晶质化,且由于热事件发生退火,辐照损伤程度得到一定的愈合;而边部晶体结构保持较好,只局部出现点缺陷和零星非晶质区。     

Origin and evolution of oilfield brines from Tertiary strata in western Qaidam Basin: Constraints from <Superscript>87</Superscript>Sr/<Superscript>86</Superscript>Sr, δD, δ<Superscript>18</Superscript>O, δ<Superscript>34</Superscript>S and water chemistry

Chemistry of major and minor elements, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, δD, δ¹⁸O and δ³⁴S of brines were measured from Tertiary strata and Quaternary salt lakes in the western Qaidam Basin. The water chemistry data show that all oilfield brines are CaCl₂ type. They were enriched in Ca²⁺, B³⁺, Li⁺, Sr²⁺, Br⁻, and were depleted in Mg²⁺, SO₄ ²⁻, which indicated that these brines had the characteristics of deeply circulated water. The relationship between δD and δ¹⁸O shows that all data of these brines decline towards the Global Meteoric Water Line (GWL) and Qaidam Meteoric Water Line (QWL), and that the intersection between oilfield brines and Meteoric Water Lines was close to the local spring and fresh water in the piedmont in the western Qaidam Basin. The results suggest that oilfield brines has initially originated from meteoric water, and then might be affected by water-rock metamorphose, because most oilfield brines distribute in the range of metamorphosing water. The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values of most oilfield brines range from 0.71121 to 0.71194, and was less than that in salt lake water (>0.712), but close to that of halite in the study area. These imply that salt dissolution occurred in the process of migration. In addition, all oilfield brines have obviously much positive δ³⁴S values (ranging from 26.46‰ to 54.57‰) than that of salt lake brines, which was caused by bacterial sulfate reduction resulting in positive shift of δ³⁴S value and depleteed SO₄ ²⁻ in oilfield brines. Combined with water chemical data and δD, δ¹⁸O, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, δ³⁴S values, we concluded that oilfield brines mainly originate from the deeply circulated meteoric waters, and then are affected by salt dissolution, water-rock metamorphose, sulfate reduction and dolomitization during the process of migration. These processes alter the chemical compositions of oilfield brines and accumulate rich elements (such as B, Li, Sr, Br, K and so on) for sustainable utilization of salt lake resources in the Qaidam Basin.     

冀北赤城花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄及其地质意义

冀北赤城侵位于红旗营子群中的花岗岩体主要有马营的红墩梁、清泉堡的冰山梁、云州水库的舍身崖和镇宁堡的东沟楼等岩体,属于陆壳成因的钙碱性系列花岗岩类。其中,红墩梁、舍身崖和东沟楼等岩体为黑云二长花岗岩,以富SiO2,贫Al2O3,Na2O和K2O为特征,εNd(t)为-13.25~-15.80,锆石SHRIMP年龄介于136 Ma与144 Ma之间,形成于燕山期;冰山粱岩体为花岗闪长岩类,以贫SiO2,富Al2O3,Na2O和K2O为特征,εNd(t)为-12.18,锆石SHRIMP年龄为228 Ma之间,形成于印支期。花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄数据表明赤城地区存在有印支期和燕山期两次花岗岩浆活动事件,可能反映出华北克拉通破坏始于印支期,而在燕山期达到高潮。     

赣南火山岩型铀矿分布规律及找矿前景

赣南地区具有良好的铀成矿地质背景,已成为我国重要的火山岩型铀矿产铀基地。笔者根据在赣南数十年的找铀实践,运用深源成矿和多元成矿理论,深入研究了区内南岭和武夷山两条岩浆岩铀-多金属成矿带中生代3个火山活动旋回的特征及其与铀矿的成生关系,总结了赣南火山岩型铀矿的分布规律、成矿模式及找矿思路,从而提出了4片有望发展成为铀矿大基地的靶区。     

论新时期地质资料档案管理服务模式的创新

在社会知识经济、信息管理高速发展的新时期,地质资料档案管理工作的内容与模式也发生了巨大的转变。本文将从地质资料档案管理特点、创新服务模式的必然性、实现创新的具体措施等几个方面阐述新时期地质资料档案管理服务模式,充分发挥地质资料档案对社会经济建设的作用。     

农村居民点整理中传统村落保护问题探析

农村居民点整理不仅要在改善农村生产生活条件、促进新农村建设和城乡一体化发展等方面发挥重要作用,还应在乡土建筑文化保护与传承做出贡献。该文探讨现代村落与传统村落的内涵,并将传统村落区分为一般传统村落和特殊传统村落;分析了传统村落保护状况;提出了农村居民点整理中传统村落保护内容;根据不同的村落类型提出了相应的整理模式与整理方向。     

Re-assessment of the paleoclimate implications of the Shell Bar in the Qaidam Basin,China

The Shell Bar in the Qaidam Basin, China, is a prominent geological feature composed of millions of densely packed Corbicula shells. Since the mid 1980s, it has been regarded as evidence for existence of a large lake during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 in the presently hyper-arid Qaidam Basin. Early studies suggested the bivalve shells accumulated at the shore of a large lake, whereas more recent work led to the conclusion that the Shell Bar was formed within a deeper water body. Based on our re-assessment of sediments and fossils from the Shell Bar, investigation of exposed fluvio-lacustrine sections upstream of the Shell Bar and study of nearby modern streams, we infer that the Shell Bar represents a stream deposit. Corbicula is a typical stream-dweller around the world. Preservation of Corbicula shells of different sizes, as well as occurrence of many articulated shells, provide evidence against post-mortem transport and accumulation along a lake shore. Additionally, the SE-NW alignment of the Shell Bar is similar to modern intermittent stream beds in its vicinity and corresponds to the present-day slope towards the basin centre further NW, and furthermore, the predominantly sandy sediments also indicate that the Shell Bar was formed in a stream. Abundant ostracod shells in the Shell Bar sediments originated from stream-dwelling species that are abundant in modern streams in the vicinity of the Shell Bar, or in part from fluvio-lacustrine sediments exposed upstream of the Shell Bar, as a result of erosion and re-deposition. Deflation of alluvial fine-grained sediments in the Shell Bar region and protection of the stream deposits by the large and thick-walled Corbicula shells reversed the former channel relief and yielded the modern exposure, which is a prominent morphological feature. Occurrence of Corbicula shells in the Qaidam Basin indicates climate was apparently warmer than present during the formation of the Shell Bar because Corbicula does not live at similar or higher altitudes in the region today. Because the Shell Bar is no longer considered a deposit formed within a lake, its presence does not indicate paleoclimate conditions wetter than today.     

皖西大别山五大水库生态系统服务功能价值评估

根据皖西大别山5大水库水资源特征,将其水生态系统服务划分为直接使用价值和间接使用价值2大类8个小类,以2010年为评价基准年份,运用市场价值法、费用支出法、替代工程法等环境经济价值评估方法,对大别山5大水库生态系统服务功能价值定量评价。研究结果表明,2010年5大水库生态系统服务功能的总价值为60.59亿元,占当年六安市国内生产总值的8.95%,其中直接使用价值为19.62亿元,占总价值的32.41%;间接使用价值为40.97亿元,占总价值的67.59%。调蓄洪水和水资源蓄积的功能价值构成比例高,分别为34.32%和32.51%,水库在防御洪涝灾害和涵养水源方面具有重要的作用。