武警地理信息系统开发若干问题的思考

随着部队信息化建设的发展,使武警形势日益紧迫,武警地理信息系统开发问题引起了大家的关注。本文对武警地理信息系统的特殊需求进行了系统分析,总结了武警地理信息系统的主要作用,进而设计了武警地理信息系统的功能结构,并指出了实现途径,最后对武警地理信息系统进一步发展前景进行了展望。     

山区公路雾天分布特征及相关性研究

雾是山区常发的天气现象,且具有偶发性和局部性的特征,雾天条件下,能见度降低,为公路行车安全带来一定隐患。该文基于云南普洱山区公路交通气象观测实验基地的观测数据,对2014年5月—2016年10月期间,实验基地所在公路的雾的等级以及时间分布规律进行了分析。通过列联表、条件频率等相关性分析方法,开展了雾天能见度与其他气象要素的相关性研究。通过对列联表的相关性假设显著性分析,降雨强度、风速等气象要素与能见度之间存在相关性;但列联关系V相关系数分析结果表明,其相关程度不高。从条件概率统计来看,在不同的气象要素区间范围内,各等级雾发生的条件概率分布遵循一定的规律。分析雾天能见度的分布规律,及其与其他气象要素之间的相关性,能为雾天条件下公路行车安全预警与控制提供数据支持。     

辽宁盖县梁屯—矿洞沟碱性正长岩杂岩体的U—Pb和Sm—Nd年龄及其地质意义

辽宁梁屯 -矿洞沟杂岩体主要由辉石正长岩、霓辉正长岩和霓辉角闪正长岩等碱性岩石组成 ,具有全岩 Rb- Sr等时线年龄 186 6± 115 Ma和 ISr=0 .70 4 9的同位素特征 ,是我国目前报道的最古老的碱性正长岩类。本文报道了该岩体的锆石U- Pb和全岩 Sm- Nd同位素测试资料 ,获得了锆石 U- Pb同位素年龄为 185 7± 2 0 Ma、Sm- Nd等时年龄为 1787± 180 Ma、εNd(t) =- 4 .8～ - 5 .0的数据。它们反映出该杂岩体形成年龄的上限为 185 7± 2 0 Ma、下限不小于 1787± 180 Ma,来源于富集地幔物质。基于这些数据并结合区域地质资料分析 ,作者提出了华北地台北缘古元古宙存在有富集地幔储库 ,以及辽河群主体形成于 190 0 Ma以前的认识     

The use of the exponent K(q) function to delimit homogeneous regions in regional frequency analysis of extreme annual daily rainfall

The regional frequency analysis of extreme annual rainfall data is a useful methodology in hydrology to obtain certain quantile values when no long data series are available. The most crucial step in the analysis is the grouping of sites into homogeneous regions. This work presents a new grouping criterion based on some multifractal properties of rainfall data. For this purpose, a regional frequency analysis of extreme annual rainfall data from the Maule Region (Chile) has been performed. Daily rainfall data series of 53 available stations have been studied, and their empirical moments scaling exponent functions K(q) have been obtained. Two characteristics parameters of the K(q) functions (γ_max and K(0)) have been used to group the stations into three homogeneous regions. Only five sites have not been possible to include into any homogenous regions, being the local frequency analysis of extreme daily rainfall the most appropriate method to be used at these locations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Relationship between metal enrichments and a biological adverse effects index in sediments from Todos Santos Bay, northwest coast of Baja California, México

In 1992 and 2004, heavy metals concentrations were measured in surficial sediments from Todos Santos Bay, located in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. The aim was to search for relationships between metal enrichment factors and a biological adverse effects index. Unlike Ni, the elements Cd, Cu and Zn showed significant correlations (p<0.05) between enrichment factors and the biological adverse effects index. Cu showed a 0.74:1 relationship, which means that any enrichment above 0.74 could represent biological adverse effects. On the other hand, Cd and Zn enrichments must be >5.5 and >1.5, respectively, in order for the sediments to be considered toxic. In general, data showed that most of the metal concentrations in Todos Santos Bay sediments could not cause adverse effects to biota. Only Ensenada's harbor and the zone next to a dredging dumping site showed metal enrichments that could be toxic.     

Comparison of adaptive structural damage identification techniques in nonlinear hysteretic vibration isolation systems

Early structural damage identification to obtain an accurate condition assessment can assist in the reprioritization of structural retrofitting schedules in order to guarantee structural safety. Nowadays, seismic isolation technology has been applied in a wide variety of infrastructure, such as buildings, bridges, etc., and the health conditions of these nonlinear hysteretic vibration isolation systems have received considerable attention. To effectively detect structural damage in vibration isolation systems based on vibration data, three time-domain analysis techniques, referred to as the adaptive extended Kalman filter （AEKF）, adaptive sequential nonlinear least-square estimation （ASNLSE） and adaptive quadratic sum-sqnares error （AQSSE）, have been investigated. In this research, these analysis techniques are compared in terms of accuracy, convergence and efficiency, for structural damage detection using experimental data obtained through a series of laboratory tests based on a base-isolated structural model subjected to E1 Centro and Kobe earthquake excitations. The capability of the AEKF, ASNLSE and AQSSE approaches in tracking structural damage is demonstrated and compared.     

A new approach to identify the sensitivity and importance of physical parameters combination within numerical models using the Lund–Potsdam–Jena (LPJ) model as an example

Daily global solar irradiation (R _s) is one of the main inputs in environmental modeling. Because of the lack of its measuring facilities, high-quality and long-term data are limited. In this research, R _s values were estimated based on measured sunshine duration and cloud cover of our synoptic meteorological stations in central and southern Iran during 2008, 2009, and 2011. Clear sky solar irradiation was estimated from linear regression using extraterrestrial solar irradiation as the independent variable with normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of 4.69 %. Daily R _s was calibrated using measured sunshine duration and cloud cover data under different sky conditions during 2008 and 2009. The 2011 data were used for model validation. According to the results, in the presence of clouds, the R _s model using sunshine duration data was more accurate when compared with the model using cloud cover data (NRMSE = 11. 69 %). In both models, with increasing sky cloudiness, the accuracy decreased. In the study region, more than 92 % of sunshine durations were clear or partly cloudy, which received close to 95 % of total solar irradiation. Hence, it was possible to estimate solar irradiation with a good accuracy in most days with the measurements of sunshine duration.     

Enhanced resistance of Portunus trituberculatus to Vibrio alginolyticus by selective breeding

We established a line (screened) of Portunus trituberculatus by selectively breeding individuals that survived from challenge with Vibrio alginolyticus, and compared the response of screened and unscreened (control) P. trituberculatus challenged with V. alginolyticus. We measured superoxide dismutase, catalase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and peroxidase activity and the content of hemocyanin in the plasma and phenoloxidase activity in serum. The cumulative survival rate after 24-h challenge with V. alginolyticus was significantly higher in the screened crabs than in the unscreened crabs (P<0.05). T-SOD and PO activity were significantly lower in the screened stock than in the unscreened stock (P<0.05). POD, CAT, and ACP activity and hemocyanin content were significantly higher in the screened stock than in the unscreened stock. Our results suggest that the screened stock was more resistant to infection. Furthermore, the indices we measured may be used to evaluate the health state of P. trituberculatus.     

有限元素法全倾角波动方程偏移

本文试图从两个方面提高波动方程偏移的效果:1.使用全方向波动方程进行偏移,使之适用于任意倾角界面的反射;2.使用有限元素法提高微分方程数值解法的精度。     

渤海湾西岸全新世地层的分段与划组

本文以岩性地层、气候地层(CaCO3含量、古温度和Rb/Sr比值等)、年代地层、沉积化学地层和生物组合地层等资料为基础,根据地层规范以及建组要求将渤海湾西岸全新世地层划分为3个组:独流镇组( Qh3 dl)、大黄洼组(Qh2dh)和西翟庄组(Qh1xz).其地层埋深界线及测年界线分别为:晚全新世独流镇组(Qh3dl)与...