断层泥力学性质及其本构关系

本文对郯庐断裂带大水场黄绿色粘土型断层泥进行了一系列实验研究并初步探讨了其本构特征。该本构模型能描述断层泥的弹性性态。破坏性态和帽盖性态,适应范围较广。     

面向对象三维有限元分析程序的研究和实现

计算分析在岩土工程应用和研究中占有相当大的比重。传统的结构化编程方式需花费大量工时 ,而且在可扩充性和代码可重用性方面也受到许多约束。因此 ,将面向对象编程技术应用于有限元程序编制正成为岩土工程计算程序设计的主流。将面向对象有限元方法引入三维有限元程序 ,用C ++语言编制了一个筏板基础与地基共同作用有限元分析程序 ,作为对有限元新方法的一次有益尝试     

Estimating seismic moments and Lg Q using Lg spectra

A multi-event and multi-station inverse method is presented in the paper to simultaneously estimate the seismic moments (M ₀) and source corner frequencies (f _c) of several Jiashi (Xinjiang, China) earthquakes, as well as the apparent Lg Q models for the paths from Jiashi to eight seismic stations (WMQ, AAK, TLG, MAKZ, KUR, VOS, ZRN and CHK) in Central Asia. The resultant seismic moments correlate well with the M ₀ values obtained by Harvard University using the centroid moment tensor (CMT) inversion and the surface-wave magnitudes as well. After the correction by a typical value of average radiation coefficient for regional SV waves, the M ₀ values from Lg spectral inversion are still close to the corresponding values obtained from CMT inversion. The obtained apparent Q _0Lg values (Lg Q at 1 Hz) are consistent with the tectonic features of corresponding propagation paths. The Q _0Lg values are 351±87, 349±86 and 300±27 for the paths from Jiashi to AAK, TLG and MAKZ, respectively. They are smaller than Q _0Lg values for the paths to KUR, VOS, ZRN and CHK, which are 553±72, 569±58, 550±57 and 603±65, respectively. These results agree with the condition that the paths to AAK, TLG and MAKZ mainly propagate through the mountainous Tianshan area where relatively strong seismic activities and large variations of topography are exhibited, while the paths to KUR, VOS, ZRN and CHK mainly propagate through the stable area of Kazak platform. The Q _0Lg value for the path to WMQ is 462±56. This is also in agreement with the condition that the path to WMQ is basically along the border area between Tianshan Mountain and Tarim Basin, and along this path the variations of topography and crustal thickness are moderate in comparison with that along the path to MAKZ. Foundation item: Foundation of Verification Researches for Army Control Technology (413290102).     

城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探研究

首先，简要介绍了城市活断层探测的意义及世界各国开展城市活断层探测的基本情况。在简述抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探基本原理的基础上，重点论述了城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探的震源激发、数字地震仪性能、接收方式与接收条件、观测系统以及数据处理与资料解释等。研究表明，对于城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探，在数据采集环节应采用具有线性或非线性变频扫描功能的可控震源和与其相匹配的地震仪器，以及小道间距、小偏移距、多接收道、短排列和高频检波器接收的工作方法；在数据处理与解释环节，要重视折射静校正技术、噪声压制技术、高精度速度分析技术、子波压缩技术、子波零相位化技术和叠前偏移技术等的应用。最后，给出了城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探实例。     

Equations of state for the NaCl-H2O-CH4 system and the NaCl-H2O-CO2-CH4 system: Phase equilibria and volumetric properties above 573 k

An equation of state (EOS) based on thermodynamic perturbation theory is presented for the NaCl-H₂O-CH₄ system. This equation consistently reproduces PvTX properties and phase equilibria with an accuracy close to that of data in the temperature, pressure and concentration ranges from 648 K to 873 K, 0 to 2500 bar and up to 2.37 mol % NaCl. Good agreement with recent ternary immiscibility data from 673 K to 873 K suggests that the EOS may provide accurate predictions for NaCl concentrations as high as 40 mol %. We could not find any experimental data above 873 K that can be used to validate the predictions of the EOS inside the ternary. However, parameters for the mixed ternary system were established from parameters evaluated for pure and binary systems and accurate combination rules. Therefore, predictions in the ternary should be reliable to the high temperatures and pressures where the EOS for the lower order systems are valid (about 1300 K and 5000 bar). Using the same combining approach, an EOS for the quaternary NaCl-H₂O-CO₂-CH₄ is constructed on the basis of parameters from our earlier model for the NaCl-H₂O-CO₂ system and the present NaCl-H₂O-CH₄ model. This suggests that predictions of the quaternary EOS are reliable also to about 1300 K and 5000 bar.     

盆地流体动力学演化及其成矿效应——以广东富湾-长坑银金矿床为例

文章以广东富湾－长坑层控银金矿床为实例，基于各阶段盆地中温度场，压力场和流动场的动力学演化过程与成矿效应的研究，发现盆地流体转变为成矿流体具有漫长的演化与更迭历程；构造演化和盆地的沉积充填特征，不仅直接影响着流体在盆地中的流动样式，而且直接影响着成矿物质空间存在形式的变化以及“流体－岩石”体系中各要素间的再分配。流体的大规模活动及大型矿床的形成与大幅度的构造运动，沉积作用，岩浆活动，火山活动等宏观地球动力作用有关，盆地边缘沟通深部的垂向断裂与浅部不整合面－侧向断裂交汇地段是成矿物质堆积的最佳场所。     

云南省五月雨量转折突变的研究

本文应用时间序列转折突点的检测方法，对云南省18个代表站1951年至1999年5月雨量的年际和年代际转折突变进行了初步研究，结果表明，云南5月降水不存在明显的年际转折突变，但存在明显的年代际转折突变；云南大部分地区5月雨量在50年代发生了少雨转折突变，60年代发生了多雨转折突变，70年代发生了少雨转折突变；80年代以后云南大部分地区5月雨量又发生一次多雨转折突变。     

帕米尔东北侧基底结构研究

利用在阿图什-伽师地区完成的两条人工地震测深剖面的Pg波资料，用有限差分方法和时间项方法得到了两条剖面的基底速度结构和基底界面形态．不同地质单元基底深度差异较大．不同地质构造单元的接触带上基底结构有明显变化，可以看作是边界断裂存在的标志.最后讨论了阿图什强震区和伽师强震群区基底的特点及与地震的关系．      

伽师强震群区上地壳三维速度层析成像

以伽师强震群为中心布设了一个50km60km范围的三维人工地震透射临时台阵，接收来自不同方位的8次爆破激发产生的地震波；利用所记录到的莫霍界面临界反射P 波、S波走时，采用模型不分块反演技术，重建台阵下方上地壳三维P，S波速度扰动图象，以及vp/vs扰动分布图象；并结合伽师震群的地震活动分布，对该震群的成因进行了分析．结果表明，研究区上地壳存在明显的不均匀性．自12ｋｍ 深度开始，在与震群震中相应的位置上，明显出现沿北北西向的高Ｐ波速度块体，在它的周围为相对低速分布，这种结构上的差异是伽师强震群发生的最直接原因；vp/vs在相同的位置上为高值分布，则表明由于介质相对软弱可能造成震源体抗剪强度下降．这可作为伽师强震群发震特点的一种解释．