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211.
Anne Marie de Grosbois 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,62(3):673-678
Events
Upcoming international events 相似文献212.
Recent increases in female labour migration in and from Asia have triggered a surge of interest in how the absence of the mother and wife for extended periods of time affects the left-behind family, particularly children, in labour-sending countries. While migration studies in the region have shown that the extended family, especially female relatives, is often called on for support in childcare during the mother’s absence it is not yet clear how childcare arrangements are made. Drawing on in-depth interviews with non-parent carers of left-behind children in Indonesia and Vietnam, the paper aims to unveil complexities and nuances around care in the context of transnational labour migration. In so doing it draws attention to the enduring influence of social norms on the organisation of family life when women are increasingly drawn into the global labour market. By contrasting a predominantly patrilineal East Asian family structure in Vietnam with what is often understood as a bilateral South-East Asian family structure in Indonesia, the paper seeks to provide interesting comparative insights into the adaptive strategies that the transnational family pursues in order to cope with the reproductive vacuum left behind by the migrant mother. 相似文献
213.
Staying cool in a changing climate: Reaching vulnerable populations during heat events 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Natalie R. Sampson Carina J. Gronlund Miatta A. Buxton Linda Catalano Jalonne L. White-Newsome Kathryn C. Conlon Marie S. O’Neill Sabrina McCormick Edith A. Parker 《Global Environmental Change》2013,23(2):475-484
The frequency and intensity of hot weather events are expected to increase globally, threatening human health, especially among the elderly, poor, and chronically ill. Current literature indicates that emergency preparedness plans, heat health warning systems, and related interventions may not be reaching or supporting behavior change among those most vulnerable in heat events. Using a qualitative multiple case study design, we comprehensively examined practices of these populations to stay cool during hot weather (“cooling behaviors”) in four U.S. cities with documented racial/ethnic and socio-economic disparities and diverse heat preparedness strategies: Phoenix, Arizona; Detroit, Michigan; New York City, New York; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Based on semi-structured in-depth interviews we conducted with 173 community members and organizational leaders during 2009–2010, we assessed why vulnerable populations do or do not participate in health-promoting behaviors at home or in their community during heat events, inquiring about perceptions of heat-related threats and vulnerability and the role of social support. While vulnerable populations often recognize heat's potential health threats, many overlook or disassociate from risk factors or rely on experiences living in or visiting warmer climates as a protective factor. Many adopt basic cooling behaviors, but unknowingly harmful behaviors such as improper use of fans and heating and cooling systems are also adopted. Decision-making related to commonly promoted behaviors such as air conditioner use and cooling center attendance is complex, and these resources are often inaccessible financially, physically, or culturally. Interviewees expressed how interpersonal, intergenerational relationships are generally but not always protective, where peer relationships are a valuable mechanism for facilitating cooling behaviors among the elderly during heat events. To prevent disparities in heat morbidity and mortality in an increasingly changing climate, we note the implications of local context, and we broadly inform heat preparedness plans, interventions, and messages by sharing the perspectives and words of community members representing vulnerable populations and leaders who work most closely with them. 相似文献
214.
215.
Contaminant exposure and effects in Baltic ringed and grey seals as assessed by biomarkers 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Nyman M Bergknut M Fant ML Raunio H Jestoi M Bengs C Murk A Koistinen J Bäckman C Pelkonen O Tysklind M Hirvi T Helle E 《Marine environmental research》2003,55(1):73-99
The Baltic Sea ecosystem has suffered from a heavy pollutant load for more than three decades. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals have been of most concern due to their persistence and toxic properties. Ringed seals (Phoca hispida baltica) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) living in the Baltic Sea have been suffering from pathological impairments, including reproductive disturbances, which have resulted in a depressed reproductive capacity. We investigated several biochemical parameters as potential biomarkers for exposure to and effects of the contaminant load in the Baltic seals. Seals from less polluted areas were used as reference material in terms of the pollution load. In both Baltic seal populations, the levels of some biochemical parameters diverged from those in the reference seals, and some of these showed a clear correlation with the individual contaminant load. Of the potential bioindicators, we propose cytochrome P4501A activity and vitamin E levels, in blubber or plasma, as exposure biomarkers for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) in both species. The arylhydrocarbon receptor-mediated chemical-activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX) response reflects the whole PCB and DDT burden in ringed seals. Retinyl palmitate (vitamin A) levels showed a negative correlation with the individual POP load, and is proposed as potential effect biomarkers for the depletion of the vitamin A stores. As the nutritional levels of both vitamin A and E have an impact on the vitamin levels in the seals, more information on the dietary vitamin levels is needed before any conclusions can be drawn. As the relationship between biochemical parameters and contaminants varied between the two species, species-specific characteristics has to be considered when monitoring the health status and possible toxic effects of the contaminant load in ringed and grey seals. 相似文献
216.
Summer algal blooms in a coastal ecosystem: the role of atmospheric deposition versus entrainment fluxes 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Jacob Carstensen Lise Marie Frohn Charlotte Bay Hasager Bo G. Gustafsson 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2005,62(4):595-608
The nitrogen inputs from atmospheric deposition and bottom water entrainment to the surface layer were modelled in the summer period (May–September) over a 11-year period (1989–1999) and compared to investigate the significance of these fluxes for generating blooms in the Kattegat. In the summer periods the average atmospheric deposition was 2.81 mg N m−2 d−1 compared to average entrainment fluxes of 5.42 mg N m−2 d−1, 1.21 mg N m−2 d−1 and 1.15 mg N m−2 d−1 for the northern, central and southern part of the Kattegat, respectively. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition alone could not sustain biomass increases associated with observed blooms and entrainment fluxes dominated the high nitrogen inputs to the surface layer. The potential for a bloom through growth was typically obtained after several days of high nitrogen inputs from entrainment in the frontal area of the northern Kattegat and to some extent from atmospheric deposition. The modelled nitrogen input in this area could account directly for 30% of the observed blooms in the Northern sub-basin, and through advective transport 24% and 19% of the observed blooms in the central and southern Kattegat. The direct nitrogen inputs through atmospheric deposition and entrainment to the central and southern sub-basins were small and could not be linked to any bloom observation. 相似文献
217.
Auzende Jean Marie Van de Beuque Sabrina Dickens Gerald François Caroline Lavoy Yves Voutay Olivier Exon Neville 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2000,21(6):579-587
A recent swath-bathymetry and geophysical survey of the R/V L'Atalante in the Fairway Basin between Australia and New Caledonia allowed to confirm the Cretaceous age of the creation of the basin by continental stretching. This first stage of opening of the Fairway Basin is associated with the deposition of a continuous salt/mud layer feeding today numerous diapirs, some of them piercing the 3 to 4 km thick sedimentary cover and reaching the seafloor. In close link with this salt/mud layer a Bottom Simulating Reflector indicator of gas hydrates level occupies a 70000 km2 surface at about 500 to 600 m-depth beneath the sea floor. The coexistence of both BSR and diapirs suggests a thermogenic better than biogenic origin for the gas hydrates horizon. 相似文献
218.
M. Marie 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1993,201(1):71-77
New proper motion membership probabilities are given for stars in the region of the cluster NGC 2324. The space density distribution and the luminosity function are discussed. A comparison with previous investigations is presented. 相似文献
219.
Fear of liability from the 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA or Superfund) has prompted developers to build pre... 相似文献
220.