LAMOST CCD camera-control system based on RTS2

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST) is the largest existing spectroscopic survey telescope, having 32 scientific charge-coupled-device(CCD) cameras for acquiring spectra. Stability and automation of the camera-control software are essential, but cannot be provided by the existing system. The Remote Telescope System 2 nd Version(RTS2) is an open-source and automatic observatory-control system. However, all previous RTS2 applications were developed for small telescopes. This paper focuses on implementation of an RTS2-based camera-control system for the 32 CCDs of LAMOST. A virtual camera module inherited from the RTS2 camera module is built as a device component working on the RTS2 framework. To improve the controllability and robustness, a virtualized layer is designed using the master-slave software paradigm, and the virtual camera module is mapped to the 32 real cameras of LAMOST. The new system is deployed in the actual environment and experimentally tested. Finally, multiple observations are conducted using this new RTS2-frameworkbased control system. The new camera-control system is found to satisfy the requirements for automatic camera control in LAMOST. This is the first time that RTS2 has been applied to a large telescope, and provides a referential solution for full RTS2 introduction to the LAMOST observatory control system.     

融合实时路况信息的北京市就医可达性分析

就医可达性是衡量区域医疗公平性的标准之一,为均衡医疗设施配置提供了理论依据。两步移动搜索法(2SFCA)是一种较为成熟的可达性计算方法,但仍存在研究最小基本单元尺度较大、供需点间时间估算忽略路网的通达性和实时路况等问题。本文利用高德地图获取依据实时路况规划最优驾车路线的时间,通过2SFCA评估北京市1 575个居民点在工作日的5个时段和4种出行时间阈值内到达208所医院的可达性。结果表明:北京市就医可达性空间分布不均衡,随搜索阈值的增大,分布形态由多峰值分布向以西城区和东城区为中心的环状扩散分布转换。时段分异特征显著,各时段可达性为一般及以上居民点比例由高至低依次为夜晚、中午、下午、早高峰、晚高峰。     

天顶对流层产品发布时间分辨率的确定

IGS分析中心发布的天顶对流层产品（zenith tropospheric delay,ZTD）的时间分辨率为5 min、1 h和2 h,高时间分辨率ZTD产品能有效提高相关应用精度并拓展应用领域,但ZTD产品发布的时间分辨率作为数据资源属性缺乏规范化研究。鉴于此,首先利用历元差分和区间拟合研究ZTD产品的时变统计特征,其次利用L-S频谱分析法分析ZTD短周期特性,同时结合奇异值分解法研究不同时间分辨率ZTD数据矩阵的奇异值比特征。通过多种方法计算结果的比较,ZTD产品发布的合理时间分辨率建议为30 min。     

GPS/BDS分类组合定位的指数加权Helmert方差分量估计法

针对北斗卫星导航系统（BDS）星座结构复杂、不同类型卫星观测值残差差异较大的不利条件,将BDS系统中IGSO、MEO、GEO 3种卫星的观测值进行分类定权,提出一种顾及历史权比的指数加权Helmert方差分量估计法来精确确定不同系统之间观测值的权阵。为了验证该方法在GPS/BDS组合定位中的有效性,采用单点定位模型分别进行静态和动态导航实验,并将其定位结果与等权模型以及不考虑指数加权的Helmert方差分量估计方法进行对比。结果表明,采用改进的加权方法,在东、北、天3个方向的定位精度均获得显著提高,在静态条件下,相对于等权模型,改进方法3个方向的定位精度提高幅度分别达到50.0%、51.0%和42.0%;在动态条件下,定位精度提高幅度分别为10.0%、8.0%和9.0%。特别在卫星数量较少、卫星几何图形强度较差时,定位结果的改善效果更为明显。     

Nitrogen Budget in Recirculating Aquaculture and Water Exchange Systems for Culturing <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litopenaeus vannamei</Emphasis>

In order to investigate the culture characteristics of two indoor intensive Litopenaeus vannamei farming modes, recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and water exchange system (WES), this study was carried out to analyze the water quality and nitrogen budget including various forms of nitrogen, microorganism and chlorophyll-a. Nitrogen budget was calculated based on feed input, shrimp harvest, water quality and renewal rate, and collection of bottom mud. Input nitrogen retained in shrimp was 23.58% and 19.10% respectively for WES and RAS, and most of nitrogen waste retained in water and bottom mud. In addition, most of nitrogen in the water of WES was TAN (21.32%) and nitrite (15.30%), while in RAS was nitrate (25.97%), which means that more than 76% of ammonia and nitrite were removed. The effect of microalgae in RAS and WES was negligible. However, bacteria played a great role in the culture system considering the highest cultivable cultivable bacterial populations in RAS and WES were 1.03×10¹⁰ cfu mL^?1 and 2.92×10⁹ cfu mL^?1, respectively. Meanwhile the proportion of bacteria in nitrogen budget was 29.61% and 24.61% in RAS and WES, respectively. RAS and WES could realize shrimp high stocking culture with water consuming rate of 1.25 m³ per kg shrimp and 3.89 m³ per kg shrimp, and power consuming rates of 3.60 kw h per kg shrimp and 2.51 kw h per kg shrimp, respectively. This study revealed the aquatic environment and nitrogen budget of intensive shrimp farming in detail, which provided the scientific basis for improving the industrial shrimp farming.     

基于陆海统筹的我国围填海管理

文章对比分析日本、荷兰和韩国以及我国的围填海管理情况,提出我国在围填海管理方面缺少专门法律、相关规划亟须协调和衔接、海洋管理存在交叉或缺位以及公众参与程度较低等问题;根据陆海统筹的理论内涵,分别从主管部门、规划和资源市场3个维度,对我国围填海管理进行统筹分析;基于陆海统筹建立围填海管理制度框架,重点从规划计划、项目审批、监督检查和后评估等方面加强制度建设,以期优化陆海资源配置和科学管理围填海。     

作为体积目标的舰船辐射噪声建模

舰船辐射噪声是由舰船上机械运转和舰船运动产生并辐射到水中的噪声,是水下目标探测系统对运动舰船进行探测、识别的基础,亦是扫雷装备需重构的重要物理场信息,具有重要的理论和应用价值。 基于舰船辐射噪声的来源和时频空域特点,将作为体积目标的舰船辐射噪声源简化为 3 个主要噪声辐射源,建立了“三亮点” 的体积目标辐射噪声模型,在保留目标主要特征的基础上,简化了重构算法的复杂性,提高了模型的实用性,可以为实验室目标探测、识别研究和扫雷装备提供较为逼真的目标数据来源。     

对抗航空磁探的磁诱饵模拟指标分析及度量方法

针对航空磁探的威胁,潜艇可通过施放能够模拟其空中磁场特性的装置(磁诱饵)进行对抗,在对磁诱饵进行研究时,需要对其模拟需求进行分析。针对此问题,在对目前常用磁探仪工作原理及优缺点进行分析的基础上建立了基于标量磁探仪的航空磁探潜模型,以所建立的航空磁探潜模型为基础,分析了对抗航空磁探时磁源所需满足的模拟需求,并给出对抗效能评估度量方法及指标:磁场功率比、磁场方向可调性指标及有效面积指标,为潜艇空中磁场模拟方法研究的开展提供了基础。     

On the electron density diagnostics of silicon <Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">viii</Emphasis> ion in solar transition region

The conditions for accurate electron density diagnostics in the solar transition region are discussed, and result shows that lines from Si?viii can provide an excellent tool for electron density diagnostics of the emitting plasma. For the Si?viii 1440.50 Å and 1445.75 Å lines, the principle of the electron density diagnostics is discussed for any intensity ratio. By the observed intensity ratio, the diagnostic results of the electron density for the quiet sun and the active region are calculated, and results indicate that in the quiet sun, the averaged electron density is \(\log (N_{e}) = 8.63\); while in the active region, the averaged density gets the maximum \(\log (N_{e}) = 8.86\) in the active region (B), and gets the minimum \(\log (N_{e}) = 8.38\) in the active region (E), where the electron density is in the unit of cm^?3. Finally, the relationship of intensity ratio and electron density is discussed, in the case of lower and higher electron density limits. This discussion is significant in the electron density diagnostics, which will be important for study on coronal heating and acceleration of solar wind.     

嵌入式硬件在环UUV模拟器的设计及实现

针对 UUV 对高逼真仿真的需求,设计了嵌入式硬件在环 UUV 模拟器。 选用 XMC4800 作为模拟器的主控芯片,设计了最小系统电路和通信接口电路。 给出了数据流图和主要软件算法,包含任务调度算法、任务优先级设计、UUV 模型选择、干扰模型选择和 CAN 应用层协议设计。 模拟器具有多种工作模式, 可以根据不同的应用场景,完成相应的硬件在环仿真,对 UUV 的研制、生产和使用具有一定的参考价值。