中国东部新生代碱性玄武岩中的流体组成及其碳,氧同位素地球化学特征

利用热分解质谱法测定了中国东部新生代碱性玄武岩中流体挥发分的组成,并对不同温度段释放出的ＣＯ２气体测定了Ｃ,Ｏ同位素值,流体组成和ＣＯ２的Ｃ,Ｏ同位素值表明中国东部上地幔源区的不均一性,与其中所含幔源岩捕体相比,碱性玄武岩浆发育在相对氧化的环境中,并有外来流体组分的加入。     

2011年度地球物理与空间物理学科项目评审与资助成果

12011年度项目受理与统计分析 1．1项目受理2011年度地球物理与空间物理学科申请项目总计1090项。其中面上项目622项,青年科学基金项目395项,地区科学基金项目16项,国家杰出青年基金项目28项,“华北克拉通破坏”重大研究计划项目8项,联合基金项目2项,“日地空间环境与空间天气”领域重点项目19项。     

Wenchuan Earthquake： Way of thinking is changed

On 12 May, 2008, at 14：28：04 local time, an Ms 8.0 earthquake struck the Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, in southwest China （Figure 1）. This quake left about 70,000 people dead, 18,000 missing and over 370,000 injured. In the 75 days after the main shock, 20,000 aftershocks were recorded, which included 241 with Ms≥4.0, 205 with 4.0≤M≤4.9, 30 with 5.0≤Ms≤5.9, and 6 with Ms≥6.0. The largest aftershock took place 13 days after the main shock, in Qingchuan County, 110 km northeast of the epicenter of the quake （Chen, 2008）. The losses from the quaketriggered geological disasters accounted for over a third of the total quake losses, which is extremely rare in the history of earthquake disasters. Secondary disasters, such as landslides, rockslides, landfalls, debris flows, etc., were widely distributed. Large numbers of buildings collapsed, including ones with steel reinforcing in the area of the epicenter. Infrastructure was badly damaged. In many areas, communications, and power and water supplies were cut off. The earthquake left over 35 large quake-dammed lakes, which threatened further disasters in the catchment areas.     

Palaeoenvironmental significance of Late Permian palaeosols in the South‐Eastern Iberian Ranges,Spain

The Late Permian (Wuchiapingian) Alcotas Formation in the SE Iberian Ranges consists of one red alluvial succession where abundant soil profiles developed. Detailed petrographical and sedimentological studies in seven sections of the Alcotas Formation allow six different types of palaeosols, with distinctive characteristics and different palaeogeographical distribution, to be distinguished throughout the South‐eastern Iberian Basin. These characteristics are, in turn, related to topographic, climatic and tectonic controls. The vertical distribution of the palaeosols is used to differentiate the formation in three parts from bottom to top showing both drastic and gradual vertical upwards palaeoenvironmental changes in the sections. Reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental conditions based on palaeosols provides evidence for understanding the events that occurred during the Late Permian, some few millions of years before the well‐known Permian‐Triassic global crisis.     

非开挖城市地下信息管线数据采集和建库

地下管线的数据采集和建库是实现地下管线信息化管理的基础和前提。本文提出了针对目前非开挖敷管数据三维数据采集和整理结合CAD进行三维成像的思路,与城市地下管线信息管理系统整合,实现地下管线的系统高效信息化管理。     

新疆包古图金矿四矿区L7号脉中的特殊矿物组合及其成矿意义

包古图金矿四矿区L7号脉由浅部的自然砷-石英脉型矿石和深部的辉锑矿-石英脉型矿石组成。矿脉中含罕见的As、Sb矿物,如paakkonenite（Sb₂AsS₂）、自然砷、自然锑、方锑金矿、硫锑金银矿（Au₃Ag₄Sb₁₀S₁₂）等。热液过程划分为5个阶段：黄铁矿-毒砂阶段（Ⅰ）,围岩中形成大量的毒砂和黄铁矿并伴随较强硅化;粗粒石英阶段（Ⅱ）,形成沿围岩壁或围岩角砾的梳状石英;Au-As-Sb矿化阶段（Ⅲ）,形成辉锑矿-自然锑-自然砷-paakkonenite-银金矿-自然金-方锑金矿-硫锑金银矿-辉锑银矿-银锌黝铜矿-斜方砷铁矿-硫铜锑矿-石英;晚期Sb矿化阶段（Ⅳ）,形成与粒状方解石共生的辉锑矿、自然锑和paakkonenite;方解石阶段（Ⅴ）,形成穿切矿体和围岩的方解石（-石英）细脉。辉锑矿和斜方砷铁矿交代毒砂,自然金、方锑金矿、paakkonenite和自然砷交代辉锑矿。辉锑矿的结晶主要受温度和还原S含量的控制,自然砷、自然锑的结晶主要受氧逸度和温度控制。As、Sb分别以自然砷、辉锑矿和自然锑形式存在,同时消耗大量H₂S,流体进入张性空间后也释放H₂S,导致硫逸度急剧降低,含Au络合物失稳而成矿。     

Geochemistry of Brines from Salt Ore Deposits in Western Tarim Basin

In the geological evolution of the Tarim Basin, many transgressions and relictions happened. So there have been plentiful sources of salt. Moreover, because of uttermost drought, a lot of salt has been deposited. It is possible to find potash salt in this area. In our fieldwork, we have found salt and brine in western Tarim Basin. Based on a geological survey and the characteristics of sedimentary facies and paleogeography, this paper deals with the geochemical parameters and discusses the possibility of formation of potash salt in terms of the chemical analyses of samples collected from western Tarim Basin. Results of brine analysis lead to some conclusions: most of these salt brines have eluviated from very thick halite beds, mainly chloridetype salt and this kind of halite does not reach the stage of potash deposition in all aspects; WKSL (Wukeshalu) occupies a noticeable place, and we should attach importance to this district because there have been some indicators of the occurrence of potash deposits as viewed from the contents of Br and K. Finally, low Br contents are recognized in the Tarim Basin as a result of salt aggradation, and this point of view has been proved by the results of this experiment and the data available. It cannot depend upon the index of Br to judge the evolution stage of halite. We must look for other facies of potash except marine facies.     

PNN在煤田随钻测井岩性判识应用研究

介绍了PNN方法原理及其算法训练学习过程,详细阐述了网络识别岩性参数的选取、岩性识别模型的建立过程.通过对比研究PNN与其他6种岩性识别方法,分析相同条件下预测结果,得到不同识别方法的优劣性.经研究发现,PNN概率神经网络方法在生产应用中效果更佳、训练识别用时最短.利用人工智能神经网络对测井数据进行自动解释分析,可满足随钻测井时效性及快速解释处理的地质导向需求.     

新疆西昆仑塔什库尔干高压变质岩的重新厘定及其构造意义

新疆西昆仑塔什库尔干以东解体出一套“斜长角闪片麻岩-矽线石榴黑云斜长片麻岩组合”。岩石地球化学特征表明,斜长角闪片麻岩原岩为基性火山岩,具有岛弧玄武岩的特征,在构造环境判别图中（TiO2/10-MnO-P2O5、Zr-TiO2、Hf/3-Th-Nb/16）,样品均落入岛弧环境;矽线石榴黑云斜长片麻岩原岩为过铝质碎屑岩,构造环境判别图（K2O/Na2O-SiO2、La-Th-Sc、Th-Sc-Zr/10）显示,其形成环境为活动大陆边缘的岛弧环境;LA-ICP-MS锆石同位素年代学表明,斜长角闪片麻岩形成于早寒武世,并经历了志留纪、二叠纪、白垩纪、中新世4期岩浆热事件。该区高压变质岩的重新厘定对于探讨西昆仑的构造演化具有重要意义。     

煤矿井下工作面内隐伏断层透射槽波探测技术

工作面内隐伏断层不仅严重影响煤炭资源的高效回采,而且给煤矿安全生产带来了潜在威胁。通过对工作面内隐伏断层的槽波地震数值模拟,证实了槽波透射法探测隐伏断层的可行性。采用全息观测方式对45301工作面进行了透射槽波探测,通过频散分析及CT成像,查明了工作面隐伏断层分布情况。探采对比表明,透射槽波探测技术能够有效探查工作面内部的隐伏断层,为煤矿安全开采提供有效技术支撑。