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141.
Zhangdong Jin Hangxin Cheng Li Chen Xiangdong Li Guangwei Zhu Guangmin Zhuang Na Qian 《中国地球化学学报》2010,29(1):33-41
To assess the contamination trends and potential bio-availability of sediment-bound heavy metals, concentrations of heavy
metals in acid-leaching fraction and in bulk sediments from the two typical bays (the Meiliang Bay and Xuhu Bay) of the Taihu
Lake, East China, were studied. Pb and Zn showed elevated concentrations in the sediments from both areas, although sedimentation
history and degree of pollution are different between the two bays. In the Meiliang Bay, both Pb and Zn pollutions started
in the late 1970’s, the same time as the beginning of eutrophication of the lake, while the in the Xuhu Bay the metal contamination
started since recent 10 years. The concentrations of acid-leachable Pb in the sediments from the Meiliang Bay are correlated
with the historical eutrophication process. Before the eutrophication and heavy metal pollution, the chemical properties of
the lake sediments were the same as the source compositions of the Xiashu loess. Both Pb and Zn in the sediments mainly occur
in leachable forms by nitric or hydrochloric acid, whilst most of Cu is in residual fraction. The results indicate that both
Pb and Zn may have higher mobility and bioavailability in water and biology than Cu. 相似文献
142.
旅行时射线追踪的精度和效率一直是影响地震层析成像质量和效果的关键因素。这里在三维近地表速度结构层析成像应用中,结合旅行时插值算法与最短路径算法,提出了一种三维初至波射线追踪算法。通过对双线性旅行时插值算法进行改进,并运用判定条件与简化插值计算公式进行快速计算,减少了插值次数,降低了运算量,同时也保证了较高的射线精度,有效地解决了三维射线追踪算法的计算低效率,射线精度不高的问题。 相似文献
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146.
陕西富平地区中奥陶统等深流沉积的特征及其地质意义 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
陕西富平赵老峪地区中奥陶统赵老峪组发育一套与深水碳酸盐岩重力流沉积、放射虫硅质岩、火山凝灰岩伴生的等深流沉积。根据岩性特征可以将该等深流沉积划分为砾屑等深积岩、砂屑等深积岩、粉屑等深积岩和灰泥等深积岩4种类型,识别出较完整的、由单一灰泥或粉屑或砂屑等深积岩叠置组成的4种等深积岩层序。等深流的流向从东北向西南方向,说明中奥陶世富平地区可能是秦岭北侧弧后盆地伸进浅水台地的一个北东向的深海前槽。富平赵老峪地区下奥陶统马家沟组和华北地块其他地区一样都发育浅水台地相碳酸盐岩,中奥陶统突变为深水斜坡-盆地边缘相的碳酸盐岩重力流及等深流沉积,而同期华北地块主体隆升为陆,反映了在扬子板块向华北板块俯冲的背景下,秦岭北侧早古生代弧后盆地北测的陷落下沉作用。 相似文献
147.
<正>The thermo-electric coefficients of twenty-six magnetite samples,formed either by magmatism or metamorphism,were tested by the thermo-electric instrument BHET—06.Results showed that the coefficient is of a constant value of about -0.05 mV/℃.It is emphasized that because every magnetite grain was tested randomly,the coefficient is independent of the crystallographic direction.This fact means the thermal voltage generated from a single magnetite crystal can be accumulated,and as a result a new thermo-electric field can arise when a gradient thermal field exists and is active within the earth's crust.Because magnetite is widespread in the earth's crust(generally appearing more in the middle-lower crust),there is more-than-random probability that the additional thermo-electric field can be generated when certain thermal conditions are fulfilled.We,therefore,used the thermo-electric effect of magnetite to study the mechanism responsible for the presence of abnormal geo-electric fields during earthquake formation and occurrence, because gradient thermal fields always exist before earthquakes.The possible presence of additional thermo-electric fields was calculated under theoretical seismological conditions,using the following calcu-lation formula:E= - 0.159(σ×△T×φ×ρ_2×[(h~2-2x~2)cosα+ 3hxsinα]/ρ_1(h~2 +x~2)~(5/2)).In the above formula,σis thermo-electric coefficient of magnetite,△T is the temperature difference acting on it,φis a sectional area on a block of magnetite vertically perpendicular to the direction of the thermal current.ρ_1 andρ_2 are the respective resistivities of magnetite and the crust,and h,α,and x,respectively,h is the depth of embedded magnetite block,αmeans the angle created by the horizontal line and ligature of the two poles of magnetite block,and x is the distance from observation point to projective center point of the magnetite block on earth surface.According to simulations calculated with this formula,additional thermo-electric field intensity may reach as high as n to n×10~2 mV/km.This field is strong enough to cause obvious anomalies in the background geo-electric field,and can be easy probed by earthquake monitoring equipment. Therefore,we hypothesize that geo-electric abnormalities which occur during earthquakes may be caused by the thermo-electric effect of magnetite. 相似文献
148.
149.
The small yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis) belongs to the family Sciaenidae, which is an offshore warm fish species and widely distributed in the western Pacific. In this study, the variation of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among L. polyactis populations was analyzed by mitochondrial DNA control region. A total of 110 polymorphic sites were checked, which defined 134 haplotypes. High level of haplotype diversity (h=0.993±0.002) was detected in the examined range. Population genetic structure analyse (analysis of molecular variance, Fst) showed there were high gene flow among L. polyactis populations. The result showed that there were relatively high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation among the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea populations, which can be attributed to diverse habitats, wide distribution range and high mutation rate of control region. Using phylogenetic methods, coalescent analyses (neutrality tests, mismatch distribution analysis, Bayesian skyline analyses) and molecular dating interpreted in conjunction with paleoclimatic and physiographic evidence, we inferred that the genetic make-up of extant populations of L. polyactis was shaped by Pleistocene environmental impacts on the historical demography of this species. Besides, relatively constant genetic diversity and larger effective population size were detected in recent L. polyactis population. The result showed that the fishing policy certainly, such as the summer closed fishing, played a role in protecting resources of L. polyactis. This study can offer a wealth of biological novelties which indicates genetic structure of L. polyactis population and provides the foundation for resources protection and policy setting. 相似文献
150.
以泰国湾 T155号柱状沉积物为研究对象,利用地球化学和矿物学手段探讨了全新世以来泰国湾古气候演化历史。(La/Sm)UCC-(Gd/Yb)UCC指示了全新世以来泰国湾西南部物质来源较为稳定,主要来自于马来半岛,季风控制下的沿岸流是其主要驱动力。通过对高岭石/(绿泥石+伊利石)(ωk/(ωc+ωl))、化学蚀变指数(CIA)和钾铝质量分数比值(ωK/ωAl)的变化规律进行综合研究,将全新世以来泰国湾古气候演化过程划分为两个阶段:①早中全新世(12000~6500calaBP):ωk/(ωc+ωl)值和CIA 值较高,ωK/ωAl值则较低,指示了该段时期强盛的东亚季风;发生于11200~10500calaBP和8500~7500calaBP的冷事件指示了泰国湾对新仙女木事件和8.2ka冷事件的响应;②中全新世(6500calaBP)以来:ωk/(ωc+ωl)值和 CIA 值明显下降,ωK/ωAl值则逐渐上升,指示了该段时间东亚季风呈逐渐减弱的趋势;在3200~1800calaBP时地球化学和黏土矿物指标呈现一个明显低值,对应于热带海域“斜氏普林虫低值事件”,揭示了全球气候变化在泰国湾海域良好的区域性响应特征。 相似文献