一次三峡大暴雨的地转螺旋度分析

本文引入了地转螺旋度概念，并将其用于一次大暴雨的分析，结果发现；在地转螺旋度垂直剖面图上，在雨区上空３００ｈＰａ附近有一个负的极小值中心，在５００ｈＰａ有一个正的极大值中心，该分布形成原因可用图６解释。     

基于多参数指标的长江口滨岸多环芳烃来源辨析

Samples of suspended particulate matters(SPMs),surface sediment and road dust were collected from the Yangtze estuarine and nearby coastal areas,coastal rivers,and central Shanghai.The samples were analyzed for the presence of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the USEPA priority-controlled list by GC-MS.The compound-specific stable carbon isotopes of the individual PAHs were also analyzed by GC-C-IRMS.The sources of PAHs in the SPMs and surface sediments in the Yangtze estuarine and nearby coastal...     

某住宅楼的地基加固与纠偏

面对连云港市新浦区软土地基上施工的某住宅楼 ,施工时由于对北楼部分桩出现的缩颈及断裂未能妥善处理 ,造成楼房北倾的问题。经协商 ,及时采取了旋喷桩加固法加固北楼基础 :采用沉降法(切桩 )、纠偏 (使各承台均匀、协调、沉降 )、接桩、固封等措施 ,效果良好。     

CIMISS中气象观测资料处理入库效率优化方法

气象资料种类多、海量、格式多样复杂,造成综合气象信息共享系统(CIMISS)巨大的处理压力。以高空L波段数据作为个例,进行详细的分析,在数据库表设计上,通过"键-要素"的拆分方式减少数据库冗余,建立合理的索引和分区提高数据表访问效率。在处理流程方面,通过简约化流程减少系统间消息交互和IO,从而优化系统的存储效率。同时简约流程中对比PRO*C和OCI两种入库方式,PRO*C简单高效便于开发,而OCI功能全面但相对复杂,通过比较两种入库方式的效率,系统采用PRO*C方式。高空L波段数据实际运行效果表明,平均28s完成一份数据的处理。对比高空探测数据的处理,简约流程比原流程入库更快。     

柴达木盆地西部地区断裂类型及油气勘探意义

为研究柴西地区油气成藏及其与青藏高原隆升的关系,我们借助生长断层定性和定量分析,总结出该区断裂在演化上总体可归纳为两个主要形成时期和4种表现形式：早期形成时期(E1＋2?N),中生代以来开始活动,多数终止于下油砂山组末(约14.9 Ma); 晚期形成时期(N?Q),上油砂山组开始活动,狮子沟组(约8.2 Ma)以来活动尤为剧烈,持续至今。在形式上主要表现为限于下或上构造层的生长断层; 贯穿下、上构造层的生长断层和后期断层4类。柴西地区的这种断裂构造特征,与青藏高原的分阶段隆升相对应,控制着该区的油气运移、成藏、保存及改造,对我们在柴西地区的油气勘探工作具有重大意义。     

1981—2020年贵州省降雪时空分布特征

利用1981—2020年贵州省降雪日数、初始日期、终止日期资料,分析了贵州降雪的气候特征,以及降雪日数与海拔高度、纬度的关系。结果表明：1） 贵州降雪日数西北多、南少,大值中心位于贵州西北部;降雪日数整体偏少,呈逐渐减小的趋势,2012年为突变点,整体上降雪日数每10 a减少1.6 d。降雪从11月开始出现,持续到次年3月,主要集中在冬季;开始时间集中在08—10时和20—21时;降雪具有明显的间歇性特征,降雪天气过程中仅发生1次降雪的占全部降雪过程的48.1%,主要在贵州南部,持续3 d及以上的过程集中在贵州中北部。2） 降雪初始日期集中在12、1月,最早11月;终止日期集中在2、3月,最晚4月。贵州中北部开始降雪多为12月,终止降雪多为2月;南部初始多为1月,终止降雪多为1—2月。贵州中北部降雪期更长,开始到结束间隔约为60—129 d,而南部大部为40 d以下,全省平均54 d。3） 降雪日数随着海拔高度每升高100 m增加2.3 d,纬度每增加1°增加11.4 d。     

论青藏高原隆起作用于大气的临界高度

在以前工作的基础上，从大气动力学、热力学及气候学的角度，进一步论证了在青茂高原隆起过程中存在一个临界高度ｈｃ（－１．５－２ｋｍ）。当高原隆起突破这一临界高度时才开始对大气产生强烈的作用，从而造成大气环流、大气热力结构、亚洲区域以及全球气候等一系列巨大转变。     

历史时期中国重大自然灾害时空分异特征(英文)

Based on historical documents and records this paper analyzes the characteristics of frequency and distribution of major disasters that took place in the history of China. The findings show that occurrences of different types of disasters varied and spatial pattern at provincial level are significantly different as well. The results also indicate that there is a strong relationship between type of disasters and spatial distribution and that the spatial pattern of losses was not the same as that of the frequency. The reasons are: (1) the hazard-formative environments which, to a large extent, determine the spatial pattern of the disasters are significantly different; (2) the losses caused by natural disasters were closely related to the concentration of economy and population. Number of deaths was usually large in areas where agriculture, culture and business were relatively developed. The spatial pattern of disaster losses is an evitable result of uneven economic development in the history of China.     

On the timing of the East Asian summer monsoon maximum during the Holocene—Does the speleothem oxygen isotope record reflect monsoon rainfall variability?

The evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) during the Holocene has long been of significant interest.Knowledge of past EASM variability not only increases our understanding of monsoon dynamics on a long timescale,but it also provides an environmental and climatic background for research into Chinese cultural development.However,the timing of the EASM maximum remains controversial.The popular concept of an "early Holocene maximum" is mainly based on speleothemδ~(18)O(δ~(18)O_c) records from caves in southern China;however,the interpretation of δ~(18)O_C as a reliable proxy for EASM intensity is being increasingly challenged.The present paper is a critical review of the climatic significance of the δ~(18)O_C record from China.Firstly,we suggest that precipitation in northern China is an appropriate index of EASM intensity,the variation of which clearly indicates a mid-Holocene monsoon maximum.Secondly,an interregional comparison demonstrates that the precipitation record in northern China is quite different from that in southern China on a range of timescales,and is inconsistent with the spatial similarity exhibited by speleothem oxygen isotope records.Furthermore,both modeling and observational data show that the δ~(18)O_C records from southern China indeed reflect changes in precipitation δ~(18)O(δ~(18)O_P) rather than precipitation amount,and therefore that their use as an EASM proxy is inappropriate.Finally,we address several significant monsoon-related issues-including the driving mechanism of the EASM on an orbital timescale,the climatic significance of speleothem oxygen isotopes,and the relationship between atmospheric circulation and precipitation in monsoonal regions.     

热动力条件对白云凹陷深水区珠海组砂岩成岩演化过程的影响

珠江口盆地白云凹陷位于中国南海北部,是目前我国深水油气勘探研究的重要区域.盆地现今大地热流值为24.2～121.0mW/m^2,单井现今地温梯度(Gra)最高可达6.64℃/100m,具"热盆"属性.白云凹陷裂后沉降阶段,特别是白云运动(23.8Ma)发生之后,盆地由断裂控盆转变为断裂、热作用共同控盆,热作用及热动力条件成为控制研究区储层成岩演化过程的重要因素,珠海组地层的镜质体反射率值、砂岩中次生流体包裹体均一温度、热液成因自生矿物等热流背景及岩石学记录为这一观点提供了有力证据.通过铸体薄片显微镜下观察与定量统计、电镜扫描观察、X-射线衍射分析等,发现白云凹陷北部中-低地温梯度(LGR,Gra≤4.5℃/100m)和南部高地温梯度(HGR,Gra>4.5℃/100m)两个地区珠海组砂岩的成岩作用特征、成岩演化过程存在以下差异:(1)中-低地温梯度地区珠海组砂岩的压实作用主要是静岩压实作用;高地温梯度地区珠海组砂岩的原生孔隙受静岩压实作用和热压实作用的共同控制,压实减孔速率高,等孔隙度埋深显著变浅;(2)地层升温速率的增大加快了储层中粘土矿物转化的速率,高地温梯度地区高岭石消失的埋深界限较中-低地温梯度地区浅,I/S(伊利石/蒙皂石混层)有序化进程较中-低地温梯度地区有所加快;(3)中-低地温梯度地区珠海组砂岩成岩演化过程属正常有序演变,高地温梯度地区受构造热事件的影响明显,深部流体参与了高地温梯度地区珠海组砂岩的成岩演化过程,地层孔隙水物质交换过程复杂,成岩演化进程加快,改变了碳酸盐矿物溶解-沉淀热平衡状态,各成岩作用过程活跃并出现一些典型的热液成因自生矿物组合.