Simultaneous SOHO and Ground-Based Observations of a Large Eruptive Prominence and Coronal Mass Ejection

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are frequently associated with erupting prominences near the solar surface. A spectacular eruption of the southern polar crown prominence was observed on 2 June 1998, accompanied by a CME that was well-observed by the LASCO coronagraphs on SOHO. The prominence was observed in its quiescent state and was followed throughout its eruption by the SOHO EIT and later by LASCO as the bright, twisted core of the CME. Ground-based H observations of the prominence were obtained at the Ondejov Observatory in the Czech Republic. A great deal of fine structure was observed within the prominence as it erupted. The prominence motion was found to rotate about its axis as it moved outward. The CME contained a helical structure that is consistent with the ejection of a magnetic flux rope from the Sun. Similar structures have been observed by LASCO in many other CMEs. The relationship of the flux rope to other structures in the CME is often not clear. In this event, the prominence clearly lies near the trailing edge of the structure identified as a flux rope. This structure can be observed from the onset of the CME in the low corona all the way out to the edge of the LASCO field of view. The initiation and evolution of the CME are modeled using a fully self-consistent, 3D axisymmetric, MHD code.     

水脉泽寄主活动星系核的吸积率(英文)

水超脉泽辐射( 各向同性光度超过 10 个太阳光度) 通常在星系中心最内部的核区( 小于几个秒差距) 被发现,因而活动星系核被认为是其唯一的能量源。同其它没有检测到水脉泽辐射的活动星系核相比,水脉泽寄主活动星系核可能隐含着某种或某些特殊性质。基于此我们调研了已经公开发表的所有水脉泽源的 X 射线观测情况,得到了一个有 X 射线观测研究结果的子样本( 39 个源) 。由它们的 X 射线光度以及估算的黑洞质量,导出了它们的无量纲吸积率( logL2-10keV /LEdd,其中 L2-10keV和 LEdd分别是 2 - 10keV 的固有光度和爱丁顿光度) ; 与距离范围相当的、没有检测到水脉泽的活动星系核样本相比,发现脉泽寄主活动星系核有较高的吸积率。进一步分析比较这两个活动星系核样本的质量吸积率,也发现类似的趋势。此外,为了探索吸积率和水脉泽辐射间可能的内在联系,我们对它们的脉泽光度和吸积率进行了统计分析,然而结果显示二者之间没有明显的相关性。     

鲍高效养殖模式的研究

本研究采取苗种强化培育、坑道培育大规格苗种、湖间带鲍参混养等相结合,并配套适当技术措施,促进鲍快速生长,缩短养殖周期一年左右,提高成活率15％以上,增加经济效益200％左右,形成鲍高效养殖的较理想模式。     

太平洋牡蛎人工培育群体的基因型及杂合度研究

实验运用淀粉凝胶电泳的方法检测了１龄养殖太平洋牡蛎Ｃｒａｓｏｓｔｒｅａｇｉｇａｓ５个基因座位上的基因型和杂合度。根据孟德尔自由分离规律,从子代的基因型推断出亲代可能的基因。杂合度的分析表明,人工培育的１龄太平洋牡蛎在Ａａｔ２、Ａｈ１、Ａｈ２、Ｉｄｈ１和Ｌａｐ５个多态位点上的杂合度符合Ｈ－Ｗ平衡规律,未发现明显的杂合子缺失现象。     

四川盆地构造沉降特征及成因机制分析

盆地的沉降过程能够反映盆地的演化历史及成盆机制。为深入分析四川盆地构造沉降特征,本文基于最新钻井资料和地震数据,通过回剥反演方法,进行去压实、沉积负载、古水深和海平面变化校正,重建了四川盆地不同构造单元的构造沉降史。同时根据瞬时均匀伸展模型和裂后热坳陷模型进行正演模拟,对盆地成因进行分析。构造沉降史的恢复揭示了四川盆地具有典型的克拉通盆地沉降特征。四川盆地的形成演化可划分为震旦纪—早古生代、石炭纪—三叠纪、侏罗纪—白垩纪3个构造沉降旋回,盆地经历了晚震旦世—早寒武世、早志留世、晚二叠世—早三叠世以及中晚侏罗世4幕快速沉降,第一幕和第三幕快速沉降期为岩石圈伸展减薄引起,另外两幕为前陆盆地发育过程中所引起的快速沉降。构造沉降正演结果表明四川盆地在寒武纪—奥陶纪和晚二叠世—三叠纪经历了两期“快速沉降—缓慢沉降”过程,快速沉降受控于岩石圈的伸展作用,缓慢沉降为岩石圈热冷却作用所主导。盆地在热冷却沉降阶段后进入前陆挠曲沉降,出现不同规模的剩余沉降。

     

华熊地块中生代岩浆作用的物质继承性

中生代是华熊地块最重要的岩浆作用时期。通过对其中主要地体中燕山期改造型花岗岩和同熔型花岗岩的同位素研究,结合其形成物质背景和地质特征,认为它们的物质特征主要取决于它们继承各自不同的地体物质(特别是基底物质)和同一地体物质的多少程度。地体及其中生代岩浆作用的构造环境是解释这一继承机理的主要因素。     

Critical conditions for natural gas charging and delineation of effective gas source rocks for tight sandstone reservoirs

Although it has been shown that the potential of tight‐sand gas resources is large, the research into the mechanisms of hydrocarbon charging of tight sandstone reservoirs has been relatively sparse. Researchers have found that there is a force balance during hydrocarbon charging, but discriminant models still have not been established. Based on the force balance conditions observed during gas migration from source rocks to tight sandstone reservoirs, a calculation formula was established. A formula for identifying effective source rocks was developed with the gas expulsion intensity as the discrimination parameter. The critical gas expulsion intensity under conditions of various burial depths, temperatures, and pressures can be obtained using the calculation formula. This method was applied in the Jurassic tight sandstone reservoirs of the eastern Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin, and it was calculated that the critical expulsion intensity range from 6.05 × 10⁸ m³/km² to 10.07 × 10⁸ m³/km². The critical gas charging force first increases with depth and later decreases with greater depths. The distribution range of effective gas source rocks and total expelled gas volume can be determined based on this threshold. This method provides new insight into and method for predicting favourable tight‐sand gas‐bearing regions and estimating their resource potentials. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Simulation experiment on hydrocarbon generating potential of various source rocks on the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin,Qinghai, China

The northern margin of the Qaidam Basin is one of the main oil-gas exploration areas in western China, where source rocks are composed mostly of Middle and Lower Jurassic dark mud shale, carbargillite and coal. A large number of subsurface and outcrop samples differing in lithology with different types of organic matter were selected for resource evaluation, research and calculation. And among them, 13 samples were used for simulation experiment on hydrocarbon generating potential of various source rocks. At first, two kinds of heating modes were compared through simulation experiment, including single temperature-step heating and continual heating. Perhaps, the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion occurred naturally between a close system and an open system. In addition, the first heating mode was convenient, and all its reaction products were involved in the whole thermal evolution, and the final simulation experimental results were basically in consistency with the natural evolution trend Therefore, the first heating mode was adopted and the hydrocarbon yield of every sample was worked out. According to the type and lithology of organic matter and the hydrocarbon yield of samples for simulation experiment, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion mode with three kinds of lithology and five types of source rock has been established to provide the basis for hydrocarbon generation evaluation, research and resource calculation.     

Caledonian Low-Temperature Granulite-Facies Metamorphism in the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt—SHRIMP Chronological Evidence from Zircon

The West Kunlun orogenic belt is located at the conjunction of the paleo-Asian tectonic system and the Tethys tectonic system. Petrological and mineralogical studies of the Early Cambrian metamorphic surface crust in this region have shown that in case the metamorphism reached low-temperature granulate facies, the typical mineral assemblage is biotite-garnet-silimanite-K feldspar-plagioclase-quartz. The peak metamorphic temperatures are within the range of 720–740°C and the pressure is 0.6 GPa ±. Three types of metamorphic zircon have been detected in the metamorphic rocks: the complex inclusion-bearing type ; the early relic zircon inclusion-bearing type; and the inclusion-free type. SHRIMP age determination of these three types of metamorphic zircon have revealed that these zircons were formed principally during 400–460 Ma, indicating that pre-Cambrian metamorphic surface crust rocks underwent low-temperature granulite facies metamorphism during the Caledonian. In combination with the geological characteristics of this region, it is considered that when the oceanic basin was closed, there occurred intense intracontinental subduction (type A), bringing part of the Early Cambrian metamorphic basement in this region downwards to the lower crust. Meanwhile, there were accompanied with tectonic deformation at deep levels and medium- to high-grade metamorphism. This study provided important chronological and mineralogical evidence for the exploration of the evolutionary mechanism and process of the West Kunlun Early Paleozoic. Part of the results from the research project “ Research on the West Kunlun pre-Cambrian tectonic events” under the program “ Research on the important geological problems of China’ s pre-Cambrian” (No. 200113900070) sponsored by the China National Geological Surveying Bureau.     

长江河口地区晚更新世晚期以来沉积环境的变迁

本文所述长江河口地区,指河口附近的陆上部分,包括北部的三角洲平原,东部的滨海平原及西南部的冲积一湖积平原。全区除局部见有一些基岩山体以外,绝大部分为第四系覆盖区。整个第四系岩相层序比较复杂,反映沉积环境有过多次更替。