南沙海域沉积物/海水界面分配与转移Ⅱ.铁和锰

根据１９９３年１１～１２月航次调查结果,研究南沙海域铁和锰在沉积物／间隙水／海水的界面分配和转移。结果表明,沉积物中Ｆｅ含量与其他海域差不多, Ｍｎ具有明显特色：不但含量很高,在不同站位差异悬殊,且 Ｆｅ、 Ｍｎ之间存在分离现象。沉积物中Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ含量与水深呈正相关。估计本海区有锰的微结核存在。在间隙水中Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ均产生明显富集,比海水含量高３０多倍。Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ（尤其是Ｍｎ）的界面分配和转移与水深密切相关,与沉积物的氧化还原条件也存在着一定关系。     

南沙群岛海域近海面大气湍流混沌特性

混沌概念的提出,有必要研究大气湍流是否具有混沌行为。根据1994年9月18—30日南沙群岛海域渚碧礁（10°52＇N,114°04＇E）的近海面大气水平风速及气温的观测资料,计算和分析了有关诊断系统是否是混沌运动的特征量：关联维数、Lyapunov指数和关联熵。结果表明,南沙群岛海域近海面大气湍流是一种混沌运动。同时给出并讨论了其它一些结论。     

岩石电阻率变化各向异性与微裂隙扩展方位实验研究

将不同规格的长方体花岗岩标本,按事先设计的图案布设多个电极,并用抽真空的方法将标本进行水饱和．然后将标本电极面和相邻面的一小部分（包括棱）用防水绝缘胶密封．用多电极组合法,将己布电极组合成不同方向、不同极距的电阻率各向异性测线和电测剖面、电测深测线．使标本在装有水的承压水箱中,沿标本长轴方向受压,观测标本电阻率随压力的变化．在实验中,一些标本被压坏,出现宏观裂隙;一些标本没有被压坏,没有被压坏的标本通常压到电阻率出现明显破裂前兆为止．然后,将未压坏的标本测量面显微照相,从照片上寻找裂隙的优势方向,和被压坏标本的宏观裂隙一起,与电阻率各向异性计算结果进行对比,实验结果表明:① 裂隙和破碎带通过区域的测点,视电阻率变化各向异性结果好,4种组合求得的4个各向异性主轴方向趋于一致,且与破碎带方向基本吻合;裂隙和破碎带不经过区域的测点,或者4个视电阻率变化各向异性主轴方向不一致,或者根本求不出各向异性解．这后一种情况,在裂隙面平行测量面时,表现最为明显;② 显微照相显示的微观裂隙或破碎带的优势方向与电阻率变化最大的各向异性主轴方向基本一致;③ 电测剖面的结果,能较好地反映裂隙的位置和区域．      

灵武断裂晚第四纪活动特征及位移速率

灵武断裂是银川地堑南段的东侧构造边界,与灵武-吴忠地区的地震活动有密切的关系,以往研究程度较低.作者通过实际调查、探槽开挖、年代侧定、相关地貌年代测定、断错历史研究等方面的大量工作对该断层晚第四纪的活动性开展了比较系统的野外考察.本文以野外考察获得的资料为基础,论述了该断层晚第四纪的活动特征,估计了其垂直位移速率.     

ON THE VERTICAL DISCRETIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC MODELS—PART Ⅱ:VERTICAL DISCRETIZATION

Two schemes for vertical discretization of the model are proposed,one with equal △lnσ andthe other in terms of Tschebyscheff polynomials.It is proved that in adiabatic and inviscid cases ifthe meteorological elements and related physical quantities are continuous in time and in thehorizontal,the total energy and total mass are conserved within a high approximation respectively,and there is a correct conversion between total kinetic and total potential energy.Numericalcomputations show that the schemes both have high accuracy.For example,in integrating thehydrostatic equation the computational errors of geopotential height resulting from the schemes aremuch less than those resulting from EC79 in a-coordinate.     

盐度对中国鲎(Tachypleus tridentatus)胚胎发育的影响

用雌雄中国鲎进行人工授精育苗,研究盐度对其胚胎发育的影响,并用未授精的卵作对照,观察其授精后 ２～３ ｄ 出现的分裂纹是否可作为受精的标志。结果表明,中国鲎人工授精育苗的可行盐度为１６～４０,适宜盐度为１６～３３。实验中,受精率在可行盐度范围内均达８５％ 以上,但孵化率却较低,授精后所能表现的分裂纹可作为其已受精的标志。卵的成熟度对人工授精后的卵的发育有较大的影响。     

吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩储层微纳米孔隙成因及含油特征

为深化吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩储层孔隙及含油性认识,通过氩离子抛光、场发射扫描电镜、核磁共振、微纳米CT及激光共聚焦实验技术,对芦草沟组微纳米孔隙类型、成因及含油特征进行研究.结果表明,微纳米级孔隙按照成因分为无机矿物晶间孔和有机质生烃孔两大类.微纳米孔隙中重质组分附着于颗粒表面或充填于纳米级小孔中,轻质组分主要赋存于...     

一种新的布设沉降观测点的方法

一些构筑物,不能按常规方法埋设观测点,介绍一种新的布设沉降观测点的方法一粘合观测点法,并通过工程实践,对新观测点稳固性进行了统计、分析。     

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???????λ?????????????????ML3.8???????и?????????????????λ?????113?ε???λ????????????????????м??з????????ML3.8??????????????????????????????7km?????????о????????????????λ????λ????????????????С?в???????????з?????????????棬??????????λ????н???????     

Three dimensional diagnostic study of the circulation in the South China Sea during winter 1998

On the basis of hydrographic data obtained from 28 November to 27 December, 1998, the three-dimensional structure of circulation in the South China Sea (SCS) is computed using a three-dimensional diagnostic model. The combination of sea surface height anomaly from altimeter data and numerical results provides a consistent circulation pattern for the SCS, and main circulation features can be summarized as follows: in the northern SCS there are a cold and cyclonic circulation C1 with two cores C1-1 and C1-2 northwest of Luzon and an anticyclonic eddy (W1) near Dongsha Islands. In the central SCS there is a stronger cyclonic circulation C2 with two cores C2-1 and C2-2 east of Vietnam and a weaker anticyclonic eddy W2 northwest of Palawan Island. A stronger coastal southward jet presents west of the eddy C2 and turns to the southeast in the region southwest of eddy C2-2, and it then turns to flow eastward in the region south of eddy C2-2. In the southern SCS there are a weak cyclonic eddy C3 northwest of Borneo and an anti-cyclonic circulation W3 in the subsurface layer. The net westward volume transport through section CD at 119.125°E from 18.975° to 21.725°N is about 10.3 × 10⁶ m³s⁻¹ in the layer above 400 m level. The most important dynamic mechanism generating the circulation in the SCS is a joint effect of the baroclinicity and relief (JEBAR), and the second dynamical mechanism is an interaction between the wind stress and relief (IBWSR). The strong upwelling occurs off northwest Luzon.