一种基于双平面扫描方式的双能静态CT系统

静态CT技术相较于传统的螺旋CT,在扫描速度上有着革命性的优势,这使得其在行李安检等领域有着巨大的应用前景。目前,要实现静态CT系统的实际应用,需要解决几何尺寸误差标定、有限角重建、双能投影数据匹配等一系列实际问题。本文提出了一种基于分布式X射线源和双平面扫描方式的双能静态CT系统。该系统采用碳纳米管冷阴极射线管,实现X射线源的高速启停;并采用双平面扫描方式,提高投影数据的覆盖角度以减小伪影,并通过采集双能投影数据实现物质识别。本文详细介绍该静态CT系统的系统设计、几何校正及成像方法等内容。实际实验结果显示该系统可对箱包及其内部物体进行三维成像,获得较为理想的形状及材料信息,在行李安检领域具有较高的实际应用价值。     

Effects of N:P ratio of Artemisia ordosica on growth influenced by soil calcium carbonate

Soil calcium carbonate(CaCO_3) has a strong solid phosphorus effect, and high content of CaCO_3 can significantly reduce the effectiveness of soil phosphorus. To reveal the limiting effect of soil CaCO_3 on the growth of plants on sand land and its mechanism of plant physiology, we performed pot experiments with a two-factor randomized block design and a three-factor orthogonal design for different soil CaCO_3 content treatments using Artemisia ordosica seedlings. In the experiments, we surveyed plant height, aboveground biomass, root length and root weight and analyzed N, P concentrations and RNA content of the seedlings, and discussed the relationships between relative growth rate(RGR) of the seedlings and N:P ratio as well as RNA. Results show that, the RGRs of plant height and above-ground biomass of the seedlings decreased significantly with the increase of soil CaCO_3 content, and those for root length and root weight decreased. The RGRs of plant height and above-ground biomass of the seedlings were significantly negatively correlated with leaf N:P ratios, but significantly positively correlated with leaf RNA content and leaf P concentrations. It can be seen that soil CaCO_3 is a stress factor for the growth of A. ordosica seedlings, and the growth response of the seedlings under the influence of soil CaCO_3 is in line with the Growth Rate Hypothesis.     

Amplification of in-plane seismic ground motion by group cavities in layered half-space (Ⅰ)

Amplification of in-plane seismic ground motion by underground group cavities in layered half-space is studied both in frequency domain and time domain by using indirect boundary element method (IBEM), and the effect of cavity interval and spectrum of incident waves on the amplification are studied by numerical examples. It is shown that there may be large interaction between cavities, and group cavities with certain intervals may have significant amplification to seismic ground motion. The amplification of PGA (peak ground acceleration) and its PRS (peak response spectrum) can be increased up to 45.2% and 84.4%, for an example site in Tianjin, under the excitation of Taft wave and El Centro wave; and group cavities may also affect the spectra of the seismic ground motion. It is suggested that the effect of underground group cavities on design seismic ground motion should be considered.     

Location choices of Chinese enterprises in Southeast Asia: The role of overseas Chinese networks

Journal of Geographical Sciences - With the implementation of the “Going out” strategy and the Belt and Road Initiative, China’s investments have become increasingly influential...     

湖南白兔潭矿区荷田区段构造特征与找煤前景

煤炭是湖南省的主要能源,经过多年的勘探开发,暴露区和浅部的煤炭资源已基本采完,因此,在隐伏区寻找新的煤炭资源已成为当务之急。隐伏区找煤主要指“三下”(老地层下、构造下和红层下)找煤,而“老地层下和构造下”找煤主要是指利用推覆构造理论寻找新的煤炭资源。为了深化对区域构造和煤田构造发育规律的认识,为本区煤炭资源勘探和矿井生产地质保障提供新思路、开拓新领域,以当代构造地质理论为指导,结合已有资料,对白兔潭矿区荷田区段的煤田构造进行了研究,揭示了煤田的构造格局,提出了该区可能存在的两种构造模式,对该区找煤前景做出了科学评价,指出了可供进一步勘探的有利区段。     

内蒙古阿钦楚鲁二长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征

阿钦楚鲁二长花岗岩体位于西伯利亚板块东南缘查干敖包奥尤特朝不楞早古生代构造-岩浆岩带中段, 主要岩石类型为中细粒二长花岗岩和中粗粒二长花岗岩。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素定年结果表明, 阿钦楚鲁二长花岗岩的成岩年龄为(296.3±3.8) Ma, 为华力西晚期。岩石地球化学分析结果表明:阿钦楚鲁二长花岗岩富硅, w(SiO₂)为73.48%~74.22%, 过铝质, w(Al₂O₃)为13.63%~14.01%, A/CNK值为1.04~1.10, 碱质含量较高, w(K₂O)+w(Na₂O)为8.08%~8.54%, 里特曼指数(σ)为2.13~2.46, 相对富钾, K₂O/Na₂O值为1.31~1.54, 属高钾钙碱性系列。该岩石富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Sr、Ba和轻稀土元素(LREE), 相对亏损Ta、Nb、Ti等高场强元素, 稀土元素总量为(112.05~130.16)×10^-6, 中等Eu负异常(δEu=0.52~0.65), 稀土元素配分曲线呈现出略微右倾型, 轻稀土较陡, 重稀土较缓, 具有向A型花岗岩过渡的后碰撞高钾花岗岩特征;岩石具有较低的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr初始值(0.703 849~0.704 236)和正的ε_Nd(t)值(4.2~4.3), 反映其物质来源可能主要为幔源岩浆底侵作用形成的新生大陆地壳。基于上述分析研究和构造环境判别, 结合区域对比, 推测阿钦楚鲁二长花岗岩为在岩石圈由挤压增厚向伸展体制转换的动力学背景下, 由于俯冲板片的断离, 造成软流圈上涌和岩石圈地幔的部分熔融, 而部分幔源岩浆底侵到地壳的下部或者呈基性侵入体的形式侵入地壳, 引起上部地壳的熔融而形成后碰撞高钾钙碱性花岗岩。     

大理宾川小龙潭斑岩型铜矿

矿体赋存于不同构造过渡带断裂侧,控矿岩石为喜马拉雅期浅成—超浅成相的富钾碱性系列的中酸性侵入体,属于斑岩型铜矿。     

鄱阳盆地构造—沉积特征及其演化史

 鄱阳盆地是发育在江南—九岭和怀玉—官帽基底拆离造山带上的白垩-古近纪张扭性断陷盆地,明显受近南北走向的赣江走滑断裂系和前白垩系逆冲断裂系晚期反转的双重因素控制,呈“两坳夹一隆”的区域构造格局。受赣江、进贤—石门街走滑断裂夹持的南昌凹陷,呈近南北向凹凸相间展布格局。进贤—石门街走滑断裂以东地区,“南断北超”型断陷自南而北由北东走向渐转为北北东向展布,其源于晚印支-燕山期北东向逆冲断裂在晚期的反转作用,西缘和北部受赣江断裂系东枝走滑断裂影响明显而发生转向。鄱阳盆地经历了早白垩世晚期(冷水坞组沉积期)拉分盆地、晚白垩世早-中期(周家店组—南雄组沉积早期)走滑张扭断(坳)陷盆地、晚白垩世晚期(南雄组沉积中-晚期)走滑伸展盆地和古近纪坳陷盆地等演化阶段,东南部断陷区(江埠—二甲村凹陷)由于喜马拉雅期的隆升剥蚀而只残存周家店组早期坳陷和周家店组中期—南雄组中期断陷两个发育阶段的沉积。     

The Synergism between Methanogens and Methanotrophs and the Nature of their Contributions to the Seasonal Variation of Methane Fluxes in a Wetland: The Case of Dajiuhu Subalpine Peatland

Wetland ecosystems are the most important natural methane (CH₄) sources, whose fluxes periodically fluctuate. Methanogens (methane producers) and methanotrophs (methane consumers) are considered key factors affecting CH₄ fluxes in wetlands. However, the symbiotic relationship between methanogens and methanotrophs remains unclear. To help close this research gap, we collected and analyzed samples from four soil depths in the Dajiuhu subalpine peatland in January, April, July, and October 2019 and acquired seasonal methane flux data from an eddy covariance (EC) system, and investigated relationships. A phylogenetic molecular ecological networks (pMENs) analysis was used to identify keystone species and the seasonal variations of the co-occurrence patterns of methanogenic and methanotrophic communities. The results indicate that the seasonal variations of the interactions between methanogenic and methanotrophic communities contributed to CH₄ emissions in wetlands. The keystone species discerned by the network analysis also showed their importance in mediating CH₄ fluxes. Methane (CH₄) emissions in wetlands were lowest in spring; during this period, the most complex interactions between microbes were observed, with intense competition among methanogens while methanotrophs demonstrated better cooperation. Reverse patterns manifested themselves in summer when the highest CH₄ flux was observed. Methanoregula formicica was negatively correlated with CH₄ fluxes and occupied the largest ecological niches in the spring network. In contrast, both Methanocella arvoryzae and Methylocystaceae demonstrated positive correlations with CH₄ fluxes and were better adapted to the microbial community in the summer. In addition, soil temperature and nitrogen were regarded as significant environmental factors to CH₄ fluxes. This study was successful in explaining the seasonal patterns and microbial driving mechanisms of CH₄ emissions in wetlands.     

微波消解在环境样品分析中的应用

微波消解是近年来兴起的一种样品分析手段,具有快速、高效、试剂用量少、样品不易被沾污、节约能源等优点。对当前微波消解技术在环境样品分析领域的应用和研究现状进行了综述,介绍了微波消解技术的基本原理、特点和设备,尤其对它在环境样品分析中的应用作了较为详细的介绍,并对该技术的应用前景进行了展望。