湄洲湾泥沙活动及海底冲淤变化

湄洲湾沙源少,海水含沙量低,平均值10～20g/m~3。冬季受东北季风及浙闽沿岸流影响,湾口含沙量高,达到34g/m~3;夏季受径流影响,湾内含沙量相对偏高,达到16g/m~3。泥沙的运移趋势:主航道基本朝外,两侧朝里。受强潮流作用,深槽及水下潮流冲沟受到冲刷,斜坡及潮坪略有淤积。     

Evidence for the evolution of an oxygen minimum layer at the beginning of S-1 sapropel deposition in the eastern Mediterranean

The sediments of the eastern Mediterranean basin contain a series of organic-rich sapropels intercalated with organic-poor nannofossil oozes. Until recently the timing of the onset of sapropel formation was not known accurately because of the low resolution achievable by conventional radiocarbon dating. Compilation of all available ¹⁴C-AMS dates show that the base of S-1 (the most recent sapropel) was initiated 8800 years B.P. (¹⁴C age corrected by 400 years for reservoir effect) under a 500 m water column and moved progressively into deeper water reaching depths of 3500 m at 8200 years B.P. The linear correlation between the age of S-1 onset and water depth

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suggests that formation of sapropels moved into deeper water at a rate of 1000 m/200 year. A model is suggested in which export production which sank below the well-mixed surface layers (500 m) was respired consuming dissolved oxygen in the Levantine deep water until a threshold value was reached when sapropels began to be preserved in the sediment. This resulted in a progressively deepening oxygen minimum zone with time until eventually the entire deep water in the basin was oxygen depleted. Assuming that the threshold value for sapropel formation was complete anoxia, it was calculated that primary productivity in the basin during the deposition of S-1 was a factor of 5 greater than that found at present.     

用样条函数计算结果研究冲绳海槽热源机制

对冲绳海槽１９８４－１９９０年的实测热流值，利用数字滤波方法计算，得到反映该区深部地壳热状态的区域热流值为８０－１６０ｍＷ／ｍ＾２，用Ｂ样条函数法对其作数值模拟，计算出海槽地温场模式，并以此研究冲绳海槽海底高热流的形成机制，得出冲绳海槽热流值的区域性变化与綦中地质构造格局呈正相关，高热流是该区现代构造活动所致，其明显特征是地壳减薄，地幔上拱等结论。     

几种红藻和蓝藻的光合作用色素

分离纯化出几种海产红藻和一种蓝藻的光合作用色素,并测定了它们的化学性质和光谱学性质。这些藻类是3种红藻:多管藻(Polysiphonia urceolata)、橡叶藻(Phycodrys sp.)和条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis);蓝藻:钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)。用羟基磷灰石柱层析法从上述藻类中分离到几种不同的藻胆蛋白。经SDS-PAGE及光谱测定,发现条斑紫菜中的藻红蛋白不同于其它两种红藻。而橡叶藻中存在的两条藻红蛋白也有差异,条斑紫菜和钝顶螺旋藻中的两种别藻蓝蛋白之间也有区别。叶绿素分析表明,钝顶螺旋藻中叶绿素a的含量高于红藻中叶绿素a的含量。     

塞曼石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定海水中的铬

海水基体对Cr有增感作用。本文研究了抗坏血酸、柠檬酸三铵、酒石酸、乙酸铵等有机基体改进剂对消除基体干扰效果。前二者均有效地消除基体干扰,但1％抗坏血酸 1％柠檬酸三铵混合试剂的效果更好,它不仅可以消除基体干扰,还可降低背景及噪声,Cr的吸收峰也较平滑。本法准确,相对偏差在0.7—4.4％范围内。回收率在92—109％范围内。若海水Cr含量低于定量下限时,可采用多次进样法。     

Influence of air-sea interaction on SSTA in different spacial scales

-In this paper, the factors for SSTA development in finite sea area of low latitudes are discussed with simpler linearized equations, According to the coupling conditions at the interface of atmosphere and ocean, we studied the horizontal scale relations of air-sea coupled system satisfying the dynamical and thermodynamical requirements, From the fluctuation viewpoint, the relation of horizontal scales and wave numbers are presented for a linear atmosphere-ocean coupled system with the same time scales. At last part of the paper, the state of fluctuations is examined for different sea scales under certain given atmospheric scale with a simpler two-layer coupled model, and some significant results obtained.     

A study on sample pretreatment of analysis of Cd, Pb and Zn in seawater by IDMS

Isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) and ultra-clean room approach are successfully used in the determination of Cd, Pb and Zn in seawater and the sample pretreatment of analysis. The precision in the determination of Cd, Pb and Zn in seawater is better than±3% and the limits of detection are 6×10-12, 6×10-11 and 2.4×10-10 respectively. The effects of sample pretreatment such as filtration and acidification on the results of determination of Cd- Pb and Zn in seawater are disscussed.     

长期非平稳荷载调谐质量减振阻尼器优化设计

研究外荷载为长期非平稳随机过程。考虑长期荷载的特性 ,采用 1个概率谱密度函数来反映长期非平稳随机荷载及其特征 ;概率谱密度函数是基于大量的一般谱密度函数的统计特性获得。以延长结构的抗疲劳使用寿命为目标函数 ,提出了调谐质量减振阻尼器的优化设计方法 ,这在实际工程中有着极为广阔的应用前景。本文旨在从理论上发展长期非平稳随机荷载作用下调谐质量减振阻尼器的优化设计方法 ;文中采用长期波浪实测数据 ,给出了 1个数值算例说明整个设计过程。     

渤海南部表层沉积的相特征

通过海上调查及实验室分析,查明渤海南部表层沉积物在结构类型、矿物组合、生物组分及沉积构造等相特征方面具有明显的分区性。渤海南部存在五种沉积相:黄河水下三角洲相、陆架盆地相、海湾相、潮流浅滩相及古滨岸相。黄河水下三角洲相从河口延至水深15—20米处,沉积速率很高,沉积物富含碎屑云母及CaCo_3。陆架盆地相的沉积为粉砂质粘土,具有生物扰动构造。     

重金属锌,铅对菲律宾蛤仔的急性毒性试验

本文研究了必需元素Ｚｎ及非必需元素Ｐｂ对菲律宾蛤仔的急性毒性作用，得到Ｚｎ对其的４８ｈＬＤ５０和９６ｈＬＤ５０分别为１４７．９１、１６．４０ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３；Ｐｂ对其的４８ｈＬＤ５０和９６ｈＬＤ５０分别为３１．６２、１４．２８ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３。估算得到Ｚｎ、Ｐｂ对菲律宾蛤仔的安全浓度分别为０．８２、０．７１ｍｇ／ｄｍ＾３。