Variation in Principal Modes of Midsummer Precipitation over Northeast China and Its Associated Atmospheric Circulation

This study documents the first two principal modes of interannual variability of midsummer precipitation over Northeast China(NEC) and their associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. It is shown that the first principal mode exhibits the largest amount of variability in precipitation over the south of NEC(referred to as the south mode), whereas the second principal mode behaves with the greatest precipitation anomaly over the north of NEC(referred to as the north mode). Further findings reveal that, through modulating moisture transportation and upper-and lower-troposphere divergence circulation as well as vertical movement over NEC, the anomalous northwestern Pacific anticyclone and the anticyclone centered over northern NEC exert the dominant influence on the south and north modes, respectively. Additionally, it is quantitatively estimated that water vapor across the southern boundary of NEC dominates the moisture budget for the south mode, while the north mode has a close connection with moisture through NEC's northern and western boundaries. Furthermore, the north(south) mode is strongly related to the intensity(meridional shift) of the East Asian westerly jet.     

断面法在护岸工程土方量计算中的应用

断面法在土方量计算中具有广泛的应用。本文提出了在护岸工程中只计算中线单侧的土方量的方法,结合重庆市合川城区防洪护岸综合整治二期工程(东津沱段)项目进行实践。结果表明,该方法简单有效,为实际应用者提供了有效的计算方法。     

山东省临沂市归来庄金矿国家矿山公园矿业遗迹类型与评价

归来庄金矿国家矿山公园的矿业遗迹主要包括:矿产地质遗迹、矿业生产活动遗迹、矿业制品遗存、矿业开发文献史籍和矿业社会生活遗迹五大类。公园内矿业遗迹丰富,类型齐全,组合较好,具有稀有性、典型性、观赏性和科学价值,与自然、人文旅游资源相得益彰,具有较强的外在吸引力和独特的文化内涵。     

土壤天然热释光法在相山火山岩型铀矿床中的应用研究

土壤天然热释光法是一种能达到攻深找盲的方法,而且它的异常重复性很好.天然热释光法在火山岩铀矿床上的应用研究表明,矿体上方异常较大,无矿区域异常较小,矿体的分布范围与高值异常范围一致.同时,在一些构造薄弱带或者裂隙、断层处出现大的异常,该方法可以为评价火山岩铀资源提供线索.     

海啸波作用下泥沙运动——Ⅰ.岸滩剖面变化分析

在波浪水槽实验的基础上,对海啸波作用下的岸滩剖面演变规律开展研究。实验采用1/10~1/20的组合坡度,考虑3种不同的水深,选取N波作为入射波,同时采用规则波和非规则波进行对比研究。实验对波高、波浪的上爬、回落和水跃过程、每个波作用后的地形进行了测量和记录。研究结果表明,水动力特性的不同造成了N波与规则波和不规则波作用下不同的岸滩剖面演变特点。N波作用下发生了明显的岸滩冲刷和淤积,水流回落时滩肩发生冲刷,高速薄层回流和出渗水流作用是滩肩冲刷的主要原因,离岸区水跃发生水流挟沙力降低,泥沙淤积呈沙坝剖面。     

地图符号系统的设计与实现

设计并实现了一套地图符号系统,提出了线状符号的附属属性设置实现,并采用了程序符号的思想实现一些相对特殊的如沙丘、河流、沼泽等地图符号,成功地对国家标准系列地形图图式进行了设计,实现了各种比例尺下的地图符号的绘制,完成了在Visual C 平台上所研制的地图符号软件系统的设计与开发.     

供水管网震后功能快速修复决策研究

突发地震灾害下,城市供水管网往往不可避免地会发生不同程度的破坏而导致城市供水功能的失效,对人们的生产生活产生了严重影响,快速对震后城市供水管网进行科学合理的功能修复,对于降低地震灾害损失具有重要意义。本文以城市供水管网为对象,针对震后管网系统功能评价及快速修复决策等问题进行了研究。在中国点式渗漏模型的基础上,采用基于破坏概率的渗漏面积计算方法,建立了考虑地震破坏随机性的管线渗漏流量计算模型;针对震后破坏管线展开了水力分析,并提出了以节点水头损失比为指标的节点服务性能失效状态量化方法;进而建立了震后管线的修复决策模型以及功能修复费用模型。研究成果可为震后功能修复工作中管线修复顺序及修复方案的优选提供科学依据,可显著提高震后应急救灾效率,实现城市供水功能的快速修复。     

Marine diatom Thalassirosira weissflogii nutrient drawdown and its physiological status variation challenged to zinc and cadmium exposure

The uptake of zinc and cadmium by a species of marine diatom Thalassirosira weissflogii and the nutrient variation (phosphorus and silicon) in the culture medium were estimated when exposed to zinc and cadmium stress under controlled laboratory conditions.It was found that low cadmium addition could stimulate the culture to grow with a relatively high rate and exert its toxicity at the elevated concentration.The cellular uptake of zinc and cadmium by the diatom varied in the ranges of 1.21~3.75 and 0.060~0.629 fmol per cell respectively in the whole cultivation period.The mean cellular phosphorus and silicon drawdowns were constant with 0.26~0.42 and 0.30~0.46 pmol per cell respectively in those healthy cultures.It is illustrated that the algal cells can adjust some physiological mechanisms to decrease metal accumulation and keep metal homeostasis in the organism.The correlation analysis results further indicate that the cellular cadmium uptake might be closely related with the cellular phosphorus, silicon drawdown and the growth rate of diatom (P<0.05, 0.001, 0.01); and the cultures grow better in good conditions, the lower amount of phosphorus, silicon materials are consumed by a single cell to keep a high efficiency of utilization.     

桂西铝多金属矿床地质地球化学特征与成矿机理

对桂西地区铝土矿及其围岩系统取样,进行了微量元素分析。结果表明,原生铝土矿的成矿母岩主要为下二叠统茅口灰岩,其次有少量古陆风化物的加入;区内原生铝土矿形成于海相的沉积环境,堆积型铝土矿由原生沉积型铝土矿风化淋滤而成。     

青海省特大滑坡分布特征及影响因素

青海省是我国滑坡灾害密集发育地区之一,在青藏高原与黄土高原过渡带内的湟水、黄河谷地带,特大型红层滑坡密度之高、规模之大,实属罕见.本文阐述了青海滑坡分布特征,分析了其特大滑坡发生的原因,提出了相应的防护治理措施建议.