Freshening of the Intermediate Waters in the Northern South China Sea over the PastSix Decades

The properties of salinity in the South China Sea (SCS), a significant marginal sea connecting the Pacific andIndian Oceans, are greatly influenced by the transport of fresh water flux between the two oceans. However, the long-termchanges in the intermediate water in the SCS have not been thoroughly studied due to limited data, particularly in relationto its thermodynamic variations. This study utilized reanalysis data products to identify a 60-year trend of freshening in theintermediate waters of the northern South China Sea (NSCS), accompanied by an expansion of low-salinity water. Thestudy also constructed salinity budget terms, including advection and entrainment processes, and conducted an analysis ofthe salinity budget to understand the impacts of external and internal dynamic processes on the freshening trend of theintermediate water in the NSCS. The analysis revealed that the freshening in the northwest Pacific Ocean and theintensification of intrusion through the Luzon Strait at intermediate levels are the primary drivers of the salinity changes inthe NSCS. Additionally, a weakened trend in the intensity of vertical entrainment also contributes to the freshening in theNSCS. This study offers new insights into the understanding of regional deep sea changes in response to variations in boththermodynamics and oceanic dynamic processes.     

频率域电磁法中视电阻率全区定义

视电阻率定义在电法勘探中得到广泛的应用。目前在频率域电磁法中常常采用远区视电阻率定义。由于在频率域中收发距并非足够大,以致在低频段远区定义视电阻率往往不能反映地下电阻率值。我们定义全区电阻率及引入校正系数K,经二层三层模型及野外实测资料的计算,证明了方法的有效性。     

准噶尔盆地中部III 区块原油中25-降藿烷分布特征与成因意义

通过对准噶尔盆地中部Ш区块原油或油砂抽提物的饱和烃气相色谱-质谱分析,研究了原油或油砂抽提物中25-降藿烷的分布规律.结果表明,不同井区或同一口井不同深度(层位)的原油25-降藿烷的相对含量存在比较明显的差别,表明其所遭受的生物降解程度有所差异,沿构造带从南到北,同一油层中原油的生物降解程度增强,比如位于构造北部(构造部位相对较高)的永1井、永3井侏罗系原油25-降藿烷丰度较高,表明生物降解比较明显,而位于南部(构造低部位)的永6井白垩系和侏罗系油层中的原油均无明显的生物降解现象;同一口井随深度增大生物降解作用将弱,如永2井浅部白垩系油层的原油降解较严重,而深部西山窑组的原油降解作用则不明显.根据原油生物降解的特征,结合车-莫古隆起调整对研究区油气成藏的影响,讨论了原油生物降解差异分布的成因机制.     

江西省安福地区地热水化学特征研究

为研究江西安福地区水文地球化学特征及控制因素, 本文采集了15组样品, 采用水化学、同位素分析等方法进行研究。结果表明: 研究区地热水以Na-HCO3型水为主, 地下水以HCO3-Na·Ca型为主, 地表水由西南向东北从HCO3-Na·Ca向HCO3-Ca型水演化。水化学组分演化过程主要受岩石风化作用控制, 地层封闭性较差, 水中的Na+、HCO– 3、Sr2+来源于硅酸岩风化溶解。由稳定同位素特征可知, 研究区地热水补给来源为大气降水。研究区热储温度为49.8~101.4 ℃, 地热水循环深度为1 502.6~1 513.6 m。热水在沿断裂带上升过程中与浅层冷水发生混合, 其混合比例为76.1%~87.5%。研究成果为安福地区水循环演化提供依据, 有利于地热资源的合理开采与保护。     

钾霞石制备体系碱性滤液的利用技术

为处理钾长石水热制备钾霞石所产生的碱性滤液,本文采用水热法,考察了氢氧化铝溶解时间、晶化时间、晶化温度、水碱比对钾霞石产率和白度的影响,并对合成钾霞石物相进行了表征。结果表明,合成钾霞石的最佳条件为,氢氧化铝溶解时间为1.5 h,晶化时间为4 h,晶化温度280℃,水碱比为1.8。XRD结果表明,产物为钾霞石粉体。傅里叶变换红外光谱表明,Al(OH)₃中的Al在水热条件下进入到Si—O骨架中形成了Si—O—Al官能团,从而印证了钾霞石的合成。差热分析结果表明,合成钾霞石具有良好的热稳定性。氮气吸附结果表明,合成钾霞石比表面积为5.18 m²/g,平均孔径为32.98 nm。实现了钾长石水热制备钾霞石所剩碱性滤液的资源化利用,并为钾长石水热制备钾霞石提供了一种母液循环的思路,使水热制备钾霞石工业化成为一种可能。     

生物炭对磷石膏中磷的固化作用

磷石膏中的磷在雨水淋滤作用下浸出,将污染堆场附近水体。本研究采用生物炭固化磷石膏中的磷,以减少其对周遭水体的污染。主要通过模拟固化实验和对照浸出实验,分析生物炭用量、反应时间和温度、初始pH值对固化效果的影响,通过XRD、SEM-EDS分析固化后的生成物。实验结果显示,在生物炭用量为25 mg时,单位固化量达到最大值13.20 mg/g;在反应温度T=293 K、初始pH=7条件下,反应平衡时间72 h时浸出液的磷平衡浓度C_e= 1.40 mg/L;温度提升有助于提高生物炭的固化效果,当T=308 K时,浸出液的磷平衡浓度C_e=0.167 mg/L;碱性条件有利于固化反应持续进行,在pH=11条件下,浸出液的磷平衡浓度C_e=0.153 mg/L。实验结果表明生物炭对磷石膏中的磷具有明显的固化效果。磷石膏中的二水硫酸钙溶解后,Ca²⁺与表面带负电的生物炭结合,在生物炭显微结构的凹陷处,化学吸附溶液中的磷酸根生成了絮状、团簇状的羟基磷灰石(HAP)沉淀,从而使浸出磷得到有效控制。     

基于数据挖掘探析张奇文治疗癫痫的用药规

目的：基于数据挖掘技术探析全国名中医张奇文治疗癫痫的用药规律。方法：收集1998年9月1日至2019年9月30日张奇文治疗癫痫的医案,对医案中的数据进行规范化处理,构建数据库,应用古今医案云平台V2.3.5对中药使用频次、四气五味、功效归经、关联、聚类等进行分析,并总结临床经验。结果：共筛选出40首处方,中药120味。排前10位的中药分别为全蝎、蜈蚣、僵蚕、炙甘草、麦芽、山楂、钩藤、羚羊角、珍珠、牛黄,药性以平、温为主,药味主要为甘、辛、苦,主要归肝、肺、脾经,功效以通络止痛、攻毒散结、息风镇痉等为主。关联组合支持度高的组合为全蝎-蜈蚣、全蝎-僵蚕、僵蚕-蜈蚣、钩藤-全蝎、钩藤-蜈蚣。结论：张奇文治疗癫痫标本兼顾,治标重视息风,治本重视健脾。     

自拟通窍祛瘀汤治疗外伤性气滞血瘀型脑内血肿51例

目的：观察自拟通窍祛瘀汤治疗外伤性气滞血瘀型脑内血肿的临床疗效。方法：选取外伤性气滞血瘀型脑内血肿患者100例,将其随机分为治疗组（51例）和对照组（49例）。2组均予以基础治疗,对照组在基础治疗上加用西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用自拟通窍祛瘀汤口服治疗。治疗2周后观察2组中医证候疗效,治疗前、治疗1周后、治疗2周后观察2组血肿吸收、水肿吸收、神经功能缺失（NIHSS）评分、中医证候积分情况。结果：总有效率治疗组为94.11%（48/51）,明显高于对照组的75.51%（37/49）,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗后2组血肿体积、水肿体积、NIHSS评分、中医证候积分均较治疗前减少,且治疗组与对照组治疗后同时间节点比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01)。结论：外伤性气滞血瘀型脑内血肿患者在常规治疗的基础上使用自拟通窍祛瘀汤治疗可以促进神经功能恢复,改善中医证候,促进血肿和水肿吸收。     

三黄通泻合剂治疗脂源性胰腺炎30例临床观察

目的：观察三黄通泻合剂灌肠治疗脂源性胰腺炎（HLP）的临床疗效。方法：将60例HLP患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组予以西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用三黄通泻合剂灌肠治疗。比较2组腹痛缓解时间、首次排便时间,治疗前后的C反应蛋白（CRP）、三酰甘油（TG）水平及平均住院时间。结果：治疗组腹痛缓解时间、首次排便时间、平均住院时间均较对照组短（P<0.05）,且2组CRP、TG水平治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：三黄通泻合剂可以快速缓解患者腹痛及便秘等症状,显著抑制炎症反应,快速降低TG水平,缩短住院时间,总体疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

An examination of directional discontinuities and magnetic polarity changes around interplanetary sector boundaries usingE > 2 keV electrons

Past studies of interplanetary magnetic sector boundaries have been based on the assumption that one can determine the field polarities by comparing the field directions with those of the nominal Parker spiral angles. Previous investigators have found evidence for decreases of B, the magnitude of the magnetic fieldB, and increases of , the angle betweenB and the ecliptic plane, at sector boundaries. Others have argued that the characteristic thickness of sector boundaries exceeds that of tangential discontinuities, making sector boundaries a separate class of structures.We use a simple technique for inferring the polarities of interplanetary magnetic fields based on the assumption thatE > 2 keV electrons are always flowing along the magnetic field away from the Sun. Electron data from the UC Berkeley experiment on the ISEE-3 spacecraft are used to examine periods around several apparent sector boundaries in 1978 and 1979. We compare properties of (a) boundaries with field polarity changes and (b) large-angle ( > 60°) directional discontinuities with no field polarity changes. We find no significant differences between the sector boundaries and the directional discontinuities in terms of associated decreases in B or of values of . These results suggest no significant difference between sector boundaries and directional discontinuities other than the change in field polarities. Within limited statistics we find that about half the polarity changes would not have been identified using a requirement that > 90° and that half of the > 120° discontinuities would have been misidentified as polarity changes.