试论厄尔尼诺对广西气候异常影响的物理机制

通过对瓦克环流、哈德莱环流、副热带高压、台风等的分析 ,结合广西降水和气温异常状况 ,认为厄尔尼诺现象发生时 ,赤道东太平洋海温异常升高 ,使瓦克环流和哈得莱环流发生变化 ,引起副热带高压增强 ,台风生成数减少 ,从而产生广西前汛期偏涝 ,后汛期偏旱 ,全年气温偏暖的结果     

安徽琴溪地区土壤硒元素有效性及开发研究

富硒土壤资源日益引起重视,但如何界定富硒土壤没有统一标准.本文选取安徽琴溪地区作为研究对象,利用安徽省富硒土壤分级标准,系统研究琴溪地区农业可耕地土壤及其植物中硒含量,这为琴溪地区富硒产品开发的定位提供了一定的理论依据,并对当地富硒产品的开发提出可行性建议.     

RC框架结构直接基于位移的抗震优化设计方法

探讨了静力弹塑性分析验证过程中遇到的几种情况及其产生原因,指出建筑结构设计方案在基于位移的抗震设计中的重要性。从框架结构的侧移模式出发,导出结构一定性能水平的目标顶点位移,建立结构目标顶点位移与等效位移的关系式,根据位移反应谱,由等效位移推出框架结构在各性能水平的目标周期。然后,由pushover曲线确定结构刚度退化机理,导出结构各性能水平相应的自振周期比例关系,根据结构各性能水平自振周期与目标周期的关系确定结构最优设计方案。通过例题加以验证,说明了此设计方法的可行性。     

内蒙古孟恩陶勒盖银多金属矿床及其附近侵入岩的年代学

孟恩陶勒盖是内蒙古东部地区的一处大型银多金属矿床,铅锌银矿体呈脉状产出,受东西向断裂控制。对孟恩陶勒盖矿区及其外围主要侵入岩体开展了年代学和地球化学研究。LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石测年结果表明：孟恩陶勒盖岩基中黑云母斜长花岗岩的锆石年龄为（240.5±1.2） Ma,MSWD=0.48;白云母斜长花岗岩的锆石年龄为（234.3±3.2） Ma,MSWD=0.21;矿区外围杜尔基岩基中的黑云母正长花岗岩的锆石年龄为（154.5±0.5） Ma,MSWD=0.41;矿区外围的安山玢岩的锆石年龄为（127.5±0.7） Ma,MSWD=1.3;分别代表了中三叠世、晚侏罗世和早白垩世的3期岩浆活动。岩石地球化学分析结果表明：孟恩陶勒盖岩基的黑云母斜长花岗岩和白云母斜长花岗岩与杜尔基岩体的黑云母正长花岗岩均为富SiO₂、富碱、准铝的钙碱性岩石,具有轻稀土分异明显、富集大离子亲石元素（LILE）为特征,其中Ba、Nb、La、Sr、P、Ti相对亏损,而Rb、Th、K、Ta、Ce、Nd、Hf、Sm、Y 和Yb相对富集。岩体年代学和岩石地球化学特征表明,孟恩陶勒盖岩基和杜尔基岩基分别形成于印支期的碰撞造山和燕山期的伸展构造环境。根据获得的侵入岩的测年数据与前人获得的孟恩陶勒盖银铅锌矿与成矿有关的蚀变白云母的Ar-Ar年龄(179. 0士1. 5) Ma对比显示,这些侵入岩的侵位年龄与成矿年龄之间差别较大,说明这些岩体不太可能是孟恩陶勒盖银铅锌矿床的成矿母岩。成矿岩体可能在深部尚未出露,或者已被杜尔基岩体改造。     

不规则网土壤测量在水系沉积物异常查证中的应用

在大兴安岭森林沼泽景观区,植被茂盛、土壤表层腐殖质发育,且通视条件差,运用传统的规则网土壤测量方法进行1/5万水系沉积物异常查证,工作周期长、劳动强度大;采用不规则网土壤测量方法进行异常查证,取得了快速评价异常、追踪异常源,缩短找矿周期的效果。     

The Representativeness of Air Quality Monitoring Sites in the Urban Areas of a Mountainous City

Lanzhou is a typical mountainous city with severe air pollution in northwestern China. This study uses hourly observational data of air pollutants at five air quality monitoring sites in Lanzhou from July to December 2015 to discuss data quality control and the representativeness of the monitoring sites(four urban sites and one suburban site). A fuzzy matrix is applied to study primary air pollutants. The results show that of the six routinely monitored pollutants,the primary pollutant is PM_10 during the study period. Based on lag correlation analysis and one-way analysis of variance, it is concluded that there are redundant observations at the four urban sites for the timely diffusion and transport of air pollutants from the same general area. The coefficient of divergence(COD) method is then used to evaluate the spatial distribution differences, and the primary air pollutant PM_10 shows differences at each site. COD can be used as a positive indicator to describe site representativeness. To evaluate the overall air pollution in the valley, correlation analysis is performed between the PM_10 concentration retrieved from aerosol optical depth satellite data and the concentration from the four urban monitoring sites. Among these, the correlation between the workers' hospital site data and the retrieval data is the highest, passing the 90% confidence level. A new representative evaluation model for air quality monitoring sites, R_s = 0.77 COD + 0.23R_(retrieval), is established by using COD and correlation coefficients between routine observations and satellite retrieval products. From this model, it can be concluded that the biological products institute site in Lanzhou is the most representative site for the evaluation of air pollution out of the four urban air quality monitoring sites from July to December 2015.     

采用DBM方法的时间序列LAI建模与估算

运用DBM(Data Based Mechanistic)方法,使用MODIS数据,建立了遥感观测反射率数据与叶面积指数(LAI)在时间序列上的统计关系模型(LAI_DBM模型),并结合部分Bigfoot站点实测LAI数据进行了模型检验。结果显示,LAI_DBM模型能够较好表达时间序列反射率与LAI的动态变化关系。LAI_DBM模型使用遥感观测数据实时估算得到的LAI,在数据质量和时间连续性上比MODISLAI有改进。     

湖泊沉积物中微量金属二次迁移过程中微生物作用的实验研究

蓄积在湖泊沉积物中污染物质某些情况下可以成为威胁上覆水体水质安全的二次污染源．根据贵州省阿哈湖季节性缺氧的特性,通过控制氧化还原状况,设计了对该湖沉积物-水柱的原样／抑菌条件的培养实验．实验发现,微生物活动对界面附近氧化还原反应具有控制作用;改变水体的含氧状况可以显著影响上覆水体水质,包括表观性状和水体中污染物含量．聚类分析结果表明,早期成岩过程中Mn,Ga,SO4 2-,Cu,Cr,Pb和Co,Ni,Fe,Sc,V,Rb两大类分别具有相似的地球化学行为．根据实验结果,计算了厌氧培养过程中,微量元素的最大释放量,发现铁、锰在厌氧过程中可以大量向水体释放．     

加强生态环境保护 促进湛江珍珠养殖业持续发展

为促进湛江珍珠养殖业的持续发展,各级政府和海域管理部门应认真贯彻执行国家有关海域管理的法律法规,加强海域环境保护的宣传教育工作,提高养殖者的环境保护意识。珍珠养殖者要创新养殖方式,拓展新的养殖空间,尊重自然规律,自觉保护海洋生态环境,以解决湛江珍珠养殖业存在的养殖海域无证使用、无度开发、生态功能丧失等问题。     

Revisiting the Relationship Between Urbanization and Economic Development in China Since the Reform and Opening-up

The relationship between urbanization and economic development has become a hot topic in the scientific community due to its great practical significance,and economic and social value.However,this relationship continues to change dynamically.In the new stage of urbanization,it is urgent to reveal the causal relationship quantitatively and diagnose the future direction systematically.Based on this,this paper calculates the contribution rate of China’s urbanization to economic development from 1978 to 2019 and uses the panel data cointegration test method to explore the causal relationship between urbanization and economic development in China.The study has three principal results.First,the contribution rate of urbanization to economic growth has maintained the overall growth trend from1978 to 2019,but the growth rate of urbanization’s contribution to economic growth has been relatively low since 2012.It is an important reason that the real estate sector has moved into a new stage of transformation.Second,the cointegration test shows that economic development is a significant factor in advancing urbanization and the urbanization is the product of economic development.Urbanization has a positive feedback effect on economic development,but this effect does not pass the 5%significance level test.The impulse response function shows that the impact of urbanization on economic development is relatively small and stable,indicating that it is limited that the boost of economic development by land-centered urbanization.Third,China’s urbanization and economic development have both shown rapid growth for some time,but their relationship is still the low level of coordination,which has also led to a downward trend in the contribution of new-type,people-oriented urbanization to economic growth in recent years.In the future,China’s urbanization and economy need to maintain relatively medium-low speed growth in the medium-long term,and we should boost the coordinated development of urbanization and economy from low level to high level.