基于灰度归一化的HJ-1A星HSI图像条带噪声去除方法

针对HJ -1A星HSI图像上的条带噪声,在分析传统条带噪声去除方法的基础上,提出了一种新的基于灰度归一化去除条带噪声的方法.首先,设计孤立点检测窗口,将随机斑点噪声与条带噪声分离;然后,利用灰度归一化方法建立图像各列像元灰度级与基准列像元灰度级对应的查找表,根据查找表对HSI图像条带噪声进行消除.实验结果表明,该方法在很好地保留图像光谱信息的情况下,能够有效地消除图像条带噪声和随机斑点噪声.     

GIS支持下的建筑设计企业ISO贯标信息化开发研究

本文从建筑设计企业ISO贯标信息化工作实际需求,针对行业ISO贯标特点,探讨了在GIS支持下建筑设计企业ISO贯标信息化的可能性和可行性,并在此基础上开发了一个ISO贯标信息管理系统。实践表明,将GIS集成到ISO贯标工作是切实可行和有效的。     

配电网GIS管理系统的设计与应用

针对目前配电网管理中空间数据管理薄弱,各部门共享性低的问题,将地理信息系统技术与Oracle数据库管理相结合,充分发挥了GIS在空间查询、统计和分析等方面的优势,具有灵活显示图形信息、修改报表结构和属性信息、提供所需的供电范围分析、GPS电力线路巡检等功能,为配电网运行提供了良好的可视化管理与决策手段。     

广州市黄花岗数字社区的设计与实现

以广州市黄花岗为例,重点探讨黄花岗数字社区的设计与实现。系统基于SOA技术实现数字社区平台与其他业务系统之间的同步数据交换,达到各种数据资源的"一张图"管理。其次,采用WebGIS技术、Silverlight技术、二三维电子地图联动切换技术、基于分词的地址匹配技术以及监控视频接入技术提供了社区信息发布、社区人口资源管理、社区设施资源管理、社区治安监控管理以及法人信息管理等功能,突出社区精细化管理与人性化便民服务两大主题。     

基于全极化SAR影像的舰船目标检测算法研究

介绍了基于星载极化SAR影像的舰船目标检测的处理流程,针对基于不同杂波模型的CFAR检测法和基于相干信息的2L-IHP检测法,分析实现了瑞利分布、Gauss分布、韦布尔分布、对数正态分布,四种常用杂波分布模型的CA-CFAR检测法,通过实验检测海面舰船目标,发现这四种杂波模型针对不同海况有着不同的适应性,其检测效果也大不相同。而2L-IHP检测法不依赖于海杂波模型,通过子孔径相干提高目标和背景之间的对比度,实验结果表明,该方法能大幅提高海面舰船目标的检测概率。     

重庆电网GIS平台建设

重庆电网GIS平台运用国产软件搭建网省信息化平台,完成了数据准备、软硬件环境、平台实施部署、应用系统集成等内容,该文介绍了其主要功能和关键技术。     

“天绘一号”卫星测绘相机在轨几何定标

卫星在空间环境运转过程中, 测绘相机的几何参数会发生不可预估的变化, 从而对摄影测量定位精度和数据处理精度产生影响。因此, 所有测绘卫星都对星载相机的几何参数进行在轨定标, 监测相机几何参数在轨运行状态下的变化情况。本文着重介绍了“天绘一号”卫星在轨几何定标的内容和采用的方法。     

Modelling the sensitivity of wheat growth and water balance to climate change in Southeast Australia

A simulation study was carried out to assess the potential sensitivity of wheat growth and water balance components to likely climate change scenarios at Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia. Specific processes considered include crop development, growth rate, grain yield, water use efficiency, evapotranspiration, runoff and deep drainage. Individual impacts of changes in temperature, rainfall and CO₂ concentration ([CO₂]) and the combined impacts of these three variables were analysed for 2050 ([CO₂] = 570 ppm, T +2.3°C, P ?7%) and 2070 ([CO₂] = 720 ppm, T +3.8°C, P ?10%) conditions. Two different rainfall change scenarios (changes in rainfall intensity or rainfall frequency) were used to modify historical rainfall data. The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) was used to simulate the growth and water balance processes for a 117 year period of baseline, 2050 and 2070 climatic conditions. The results showed that wheat yield reduction caused by 1°C increase in temperature and 10% decrease in rainfall could be compensated by a 266 ppm increase in [CO₂] assuming no interactions between the individual effects. Temperature increase had little impact on long-term average water balance, while [CO₂] increase reduced evapotranspiration and increased deep drainage. Length of the growing season of wheat decreased 22 days in 2050 and 35 days in 2070 conditions as a consequence of 2.3°C and 3.8°C increase in temperature respectively. Yield in 2050 was approximately 1% higher than the simulated baseline yield of 4,462 kg ha^???1, but it was 6% lower in 2070. An early maturing cultivar (Hartog) was more sensitive in terms of yield response to temperature increase, while a mid-maturing cultivar (Janz) was more sensitive to rainfall reduction. Janz could benefit more from increase in CO₂ concentration. Rainfall reduction across all rainfall events would have a greater negative impact on wheat yield and WUE than if only smaller rainfall events reduced in magnitude, even given the same total decrease in annual rainfall. The greater the reduction in rainfall, the larger was the difference. The increase in temperature increased the difference of impact between the two rainfall change scenarios while increase in [CO₂] reduced the difference.     

北疆积雪深度和积雪日数的变化趋势

 选取新疆北疆20个站1961-2006年积雪及稳定积雪日数、最大积雪深度资料,同时选择冬季降水量和气温稳定通过0℃以下的日数作为积雪的影响因子,分析了46 a来北疆积雪的变化趋势。结果表明：46 a来最大积雪深度呈显著增加趋势,平均年增长0.8%,其变化与冬季降水量增加有关,呈正相关;积雪日数和稳定积雪日数也呈稍增加趋势,增加主要发生在1960-1980年代,1990年代以来有所减少,其变化与气温稳定通过0℃以下的日数呈显著正相关。     

IMPACTS OF TWO TROPICAL CYCLONES EXPERIENCING EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION DURING NORTHWARD PROGRESSION ON THE RAINFALL OF LIAODONG PENINSULA

Both of Typhoon Winnie (9711) and Matsa (0509) underwent an extratropical transition (ET) process when they moved northward after landfall and affected Liaodong Peninsula. However, Matsa produced half as much rainfall as Winnie, although it struck Liaodong Peninsula directly while Winnie passed through the Bohai Sea. The relations between the ET processes and the precipitation over Liaodong Peninsula are examined. The result shows that the precipitation difference between Winnie and Matsa was closely related to the interactions between the westerly systems and typhoons during their ET processes. Winnie was captured by the upper westerly trough and then coupled with it when moving to the mid-latitudes, and the positive anomaly of moist potential vorticity (MPV) was transported downward from the upper troposphere over the remnant circulation of the tropical cyclone (TC). It was favorable to the interaction between tropical warm and wet air and westerly cold air, causing convective cloud clusters to form and develop. The rain belt composed of several meso-β cloud clusters over the Liaodong Peninsula, resulting in heavy rainfall. On the other hand, Matsa did not couple with any upper trough during its ET process and the positive anomaly of MPV in the upper troposphere and its downward transfer were weak. Only one meso-β cloud cluster occurred in Matsa’s rain belt during its ET process that tended to lessen rainfall over Liaodong Peninsula.