燕山地区新元古界青白口系沉积层序与地层格架研究

燕山地区是中国新元古界青白口系出露最好、层序较为完整的地区。从沉积特征研究入手,确定了各种沉积相、微相及沉积序列,在区内青白口系划分出4种沉积体系及5种沉积相、12种沉积亚相、16种微相。对副层序的主要类型及其特征进行了分析,结合层序界面和最大海泛面的研究,将区内青白口系划分出3个层序。在层序划分和对比基础上建立了燕山地区青白口纪的地层沉积格架并对其古地理演化进行了探讨。认为燕山青白口纪的沉积为华北陆块上真正的盖层沉积。     

核电站前期建设工程项目中的综合防雷技术与应用

根据湖北省防雷中心对我国已建核电站前期工程中雷击灾害所作的调查及分析,指出了核电厂选址的基本要求与防雷之间的关系;概述了核电厂厂址专用气象观测站建设项目及设备布设情况;重点从直击雷防护、地网建设、弱电设备雷电防护这三方面对核电站前期建设工程项目中防雷系统建设进行了探讨;最后,联系实际,简要分析了核电厂前期工程综合防雷的效果。     

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面向同化的探空温度数据质控参数优化及误差特性分析

针对双权重标准差法对探空温度质量控制中阈值参数不确定的问题,提出了以正态波形指标偏度和峰度为判定依据的阈值Z参数优化算法。利用2017年福建3部探空温度资料和ERA5模式再分析温度数据,对探空温度增量数据进行不同数据集质控前后对比分析总结出：峰偏值C_KS随阈值Z的分布曲线表明阈值Z偏大则会造成质控不完全,阈值Z偏小则会造成过度质控;以峰偏值C_KS所确定的最优阈值Z双权重标准差法比固定阈值的更符合模式同化系统正态分布要求,为探空温度数据在模式同化的应用提供了更好的质控方法。在质控前后温度增量分布特征上,温度观测增量总是以某一固定增量值在整个气压高度上剔除离群值,其中57.15%的离群点主要分布在0～100 hPa范围内,42.85%的离群点均匀分布在100～1000 hPa范围内,其中0～100 hPa范围内温度增量绝对值大于10℃的异常点是由于温度传感器受太阳辐射等因素影响超出了正常探测误差范围,这些异常点可以在质控前提前剔除,进一步提升探空温度数据质量。     

北部湾冬季风生环流的数值模拟及其对海洋环境的影响分析

利用Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model(FVCOM)三维模式以及National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)Climate Forecast System提供的北部湾的冬季风场,建立了北部湾冬季的风生环流模型。模拟得到北部湾冬季表中底层的风生环流结构。结果表明:整体上看,环流从琼州海峡流入北部湾,沿越南沿岸向南流动。从分层结构上看,冬季表层北部湾中部位置被1个大范围逆时针环流控制,南部湾口附近也存在1个不闭合的逆时针环流;而中层和底层的环流在琼州海峡西北和西南侧各形成1个小的逆时针环流,同时北部湾北部中间位置呈现1个顺时针环流。琼州海峡、广西及越南沿岸环流流速较大,有利于污染物的输移扩散,而北部湾北部中间位置,莺歌咀附近出现闭合环流且海南岛西南岸流速较小,不利于污染物的输移扩散,对冬季北部湾的海洋环境会产生不利影响。     

Influence of Headland Breakwaters on Morphological Processes at Longfengtou Beach in Haitan Bay,Facing the Taiwan Strait

Breakwaters can be used as artificial headlands in beach nourishment to mitigate coastal erosion. Longfengtou Beach, located on the southwest coast of Haitan Bay facing the Taiwan Strait on the northeast, suffers severe erosion, where the monsoon causes significant season hydrodynamic variations. Headland breakwaters are intended to be employed to mitigate coastal erosion. A 2D sediment transport model is established using MIKE21 based on current-wave coupling and calibrated by measured data. Summer and winter wave conditions are chosen as characteristic weak and strong waves respectively. The numerical results of suspended sediment concentration and seasonal morphological evolution are compared under the conditions with and without the headland breakwaters. Sediment transport in summer can be regarded as mainly determined by current field, while in winter wave effect is strong enough to change current field. The northern breakwater, nearly perpendicular to the ebb current direction, obstructs the currents and decreases velocity of the ebb currents, and confines the water carrying sediments within the protection area during the flood period. The southern breakwater also breaks the waves in advance and significantly reduces the hydrodynamic effects during the flood period and maintains high suspended sediment concentration in the protection area. In general, two headland breakwaters decrease the erosion near the beach and enlarge the deposition area, which play a significant role in prevention of sediment loss in nearshore area and mitigate coastal erosion.     

An analytical solution for describing the transient temperature distribution in an aquifer thermal energy storage system

A mathematical model is developed for predicting the temperature distribution in an aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) system, which consists of a confined aquifer bounded from above and below by the rocks of different geological properties. The main transfer processes of heat include the conduction and advection in the aquifer and the conduction in the rocks. The semi‐analytical solution in dimensionless form for the model is developed by Laplace transforms and its corresponding time‐domain solution is evaluated by the modified Crump method. Field geothermal property data are used to simulate the temperature distribution in an ATES system. The results show that the heat transfer in the aquifer is fast and has a vast effect on the vicinity of the wellbore. However, the aquifer temperature decreases with increasing radial and vertical distances. The temperature in the aquifer may be overestimated when ignoring the effect of thermal conductivity. The temperature distribution in an ATES system depends on the vertical thermal conduction in the rocks and the horizontal advection and thermal conduction in the aquifer. The present solution is useful in designing and simulating the heat injection facility in the ATES systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

造山带与岩石圈演化动力学研究述评

本文综述指出：深部过程，可能导致放射性元素在地幔或下地壳的某些部位聚结而产生强烈的核反应，致使下地壳加热和上地壳的快速抬升和伸展垮塌，产生地震、火山作用、岩浆作用，形成山脉。通过对来自地球内部的α─粒子辐射监测，有可能对毁灭性地震作出预报。     

用地面伽玛能谱资料估计地层(体)的含铀性和资源量

本文论述用地面伽玛能谱资料估计地层(体)含铀性和资源量方法,并提出富铀富集体、铀源富集体、尤其富铀源富集体是最有利于成矿的结论。     

汶川─理县志留系茂县群无根钩状褶皱构造初步解析

钩状褶皱又称无根钩状褶皱，是区域变质岩中广泛发育的特有构造形态之一，与面状构造置换密切相关。对它的研究，有助于恢复大型褶皱形态和变质岩原岩产状。本文初步探讨了四川汶川─理县志留系茂县群中广泛发育的无根钩状褶皱的形态、产状、成因和与大型褶皱构造的关系。