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171.
Basab Mukhopadhyay Manoj Mukhopadhyay Sujit Dasgupta 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2011,78(2):131-146
The plate margin features defining the Arabian Sea Triple Junction (ASTJ) are: the Aden Ridge (AR), Sheba Ridge (SR) with
their intervening Alula-Fartak Transform (AFT), Carlsberg Ridge (CR) and Owen Fracture Zone (OFZ). Exact nature of ASTJ is
presently debated: whether it is RRF (ridge-ridge-fault) or RRR (ridge-ridge-ridge) type. A revised seismicity map for ASTJ
is given here using data for a period little more than a century. “Point density spatial statistical criterion” is applied
to short-listed 742 earthquakes (mb ≥ 4.3), 10 numbers of spatio-temporal seismic clusters are identified for ASTJ and its
arms. Relocated hypocentres help better constraining the cluster identification wherever such data exist. Seismic clusters
actually diagnose the most intense zones of strain accumulation due to far field as well as the local stress operating at
ASTJ. An earthquake swarm emanating from a prominent seismic cluster below SR provides an opportunity to investigate the pore
pressure diffusion process (due to the active source) by means of “r-t plot”. Stress and faulting pattern in the active zones
are deduced from 43 CMT solutions. While normal or lateral faulting is characteristic for these arms, an anomalous thrust
earthquake occurs in the triangular ‘Wheatley Deep’ deformation zone proximal to ASTJ. The latter appears to have formed due
to a shift of the deformational front from OFZ towards a transform that offsets SR. Though ASTJ is still in the process of
evolution, available data favour that this RRF triple junction may eventually be converted to a more stable RRR type. 相似文献
172.
Binh Thai Pham Dieu Tien Bui Indra Prakash Long Hoang Nguyen M. B. Dholakia 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(10):371
Landslide susceptibility assessment using GIS has been done for part of Uttarakhand region of Himalaya (India) with the objective of comparing the predictive capability of three different machine learning methods, namely sequential minimal optimization-based support vector machines (SMOSVM), vote feature intervals (VFI), and logistic regression (LR) for spatial prediction of landslide occurrence. Out of these three methods, the SMOSVM and VFI are state-of-the-art methods for binary classification problems but have not been applied for landslide prediction, whereas the LR is known as a popular method for landslide susceptibility assessment. In the study, a total of 430 historical landslide polygons and 11 landslide affecting factors such as slope angle, slope aspect, elevation, curvature, lithology, soil, land cover, distance to roads, distance to rivers, distance to lineaments, and rainfall were selected for landslide analysis. For validation and comparison, statistical index-based methods and the receiver operating characteristic curve have been used. Analysis results show that all these models have good performance for landslide spatial prediction but the SMOSVM model has the highest predictive capability, followed by the VFI model, and the LR model, respectively. Thus, SMOSVM is a better model for landslide prediction and can be used for landslide susceptibility mapping of landslide-prone areas. 相似文献
173.
Analysis of ocean fronts' uncertainties indicates that they result from indiseemibility of their spatial position and fuzzi-ness of their intensity. In view of this, a flow hierarchy for uncertainty representation of ocean fronts is proposed on the basis of fuzzy-rough set theory. Firstly, raster scanning and blurring are carried out on an ocean front, and the upper and lower approximate sets, the indiscernible relation in fuzzy-rough theories and related operators in fuzzy set theories are adopted to represent its uncer-tainties, then they are classified into three sets: with members one hundred pereent belonging to the ocean front, belonging to the ocean front's edge and definitely not belonging to the ocean front. Finally, the approximate precision and roughness degree are util-ized to evaluate the ocean front's degree of uncertainties and the precision of the representation. It has been proven that the method is not only capable of representing ocean fronts' uncertainties, but also provides a new theory and method for uncertainty representation of other oceanic phenomena. 相似文献
174.
175.
以盘锦港荣兴港区海底表层沉积物为主要研究对象,通过对不同位置表层沉积物样品的粒度特征进行对比,探讨该区的沉积环境。利用贝克曼库尔特激光粒度仪对其粒度进行了检测,并计算了粒度参数,结果表明:本区7个沉积物样品以粉砂、砂为主,样品平均粒径值介于3.19~5.46Φ。分选性为较差-很差。样品偏度表现为正态-极正偏。峰度的等级为平坦-尖锐。借助Weibull函数计算出了样品2个组分的众数值和百分含量,粒度像图显示样品的初始水动能普遍较大,只是平均水动能存在差异。说明:沉积区的物源距离较近,物质来源比较稳定,以陆源沉积为主,沉积主要受辽河和大辽河控制;在河流沉积作用为主的大背景下,研究区东北部的沉积环境受潮流的影响比较大,中西部则受剥蚀作用影响较大。 相似文献
176.
Xie Xin Xu Xisheng Zou Haibo Jiang Shaoyong Zhang Ming Qiu Jiansheng 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(8):796-815
Magmatism in SE China was dormant during 204–180 Ma, but was reactivated in 180–170 Ma (early J2), and then became more and more intensive towards the end of early Cretaceous. The small-scale early J2 magmatism is the incipience to long-term and large-scale magmatism in this region. A near east-west (EW) trend volcanic belt
was distributed across south Hunan, south Jiangxi and southwest Fujian was formed during early J2 time. Along this belt from the inland toward the coast, the lithology of basalts changes from alkali into tholeiite, and
the amount of erupted volcanic rocks and the proportions of rhyolites coexisting with the basalts increase. On the basis of
geochemical characteristics of these basalts, we infer that the melting degree of source rocks and the extent of fractional
crystallization and crustal contamination all increased whereas the depth of mantle source decreased from the inland to the
coast, which led to the variations of geological characteristics of the volcanic belt. In early J2, the western spreading Pacific plate began to subduct underneath SE China continental block, reactivating near EW trend deep
fault that was originally formed during the Indosinian event. The stress of the western spreading Pacific plate and the extent
of asthenosphere upwelling increased from the inland to the coast, which is consistent with the generation and evolution of
early J2 basalts. 相似文献
177.
178.
东昆仑阿尼玛卿地区古特提斯火山作用和板块构造体系 总被引:37,自引:0,他引:37
东昆仑阿尼玛卿蛇绿岩带标志古特提斯洋关闭后的板块缝合带。在该缝合带及周围识别出4套与洋盆扩张和俯冲作用有关的火山岩,由南至北,分别为洋底玄武岩、岛弧火山岩、弧后盆地玄武岩和后碰撞火山岩。板块构造体系说明洋壳俯冲极性从南向北。已有年代学证据表明:阿尼玛卿洋盆的开启时代至少可以早到晚石炭世(308Ma),洋盆关闭可能在早三叠世;岛弧火山岩的时代为晚二叠世(260Ma);弧后盆地火山岩的时代为早中三叠世;后碰撞火山岩的时代为晚三叠世。三叠纪沿缝合带及其北部形成了一系列巨大的左旋走滑断裂系,包括东昆仑南缘左旋走滑断裂(200~220Ma)、阿尔金断裂的早期走滑剪切断裂系(220~230Ma)以及南祁连南缘巨型左旋走滑断裂(240~250Ma)。认为它们形成于阿尼玛卿古特提斯洋的关闭和斜向碰撞作用,但主要在俯冲板块折返阶段或逆冲岩片的抬升阶段,其时也是后碰撞岩浆活动和火山喷发阶段。 相似文献
179.
Long-term soil moisture dynamics derived from GNSS interferometric reflectometry: a case study for Sutherland,South Africa 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Sibylle Vey Andreas Güntner Jens Wickert Theresa Blume Markus Ramatschi 《GPS Solutions》2016,20(4):641-654
Soil moisture is a geophysical key observable for predicting floods and droughts, modeling weather and climate and optimizing agricultural management. Currently available in situ observations are limited to small sampling volumes and restricted number of sites, whereas measurements from satellites lack spatial resolution. Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers can be used to estimate soil moisture time series at an intermediate scale of about 1000 m2. In this study, GNSS signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) data at the station Sutherland, South Africa, are used to estimate soil moisture variations during 2008–2014. The results capture the wetting and drying cycles in response to rainfall. The GNSS Volumetric Water Content (VWC) is highly correlated (r 2 = 0.8) with in situ observations by time-domain reflectometry sensors and is accurate to 0.05 m3/m3. The soil moisture estimates derived from the SNR of the L1 and L2P signals compared to the L2C show small differences with a RMSE of 0.03 m3/m3. A reduction in the SNR sampling rate from 1 to 30 s has very little impact on the accuracy of the soil moisture estimates (RMSE of the VWC difference 1–30 s is 0.01 m3/m3). The results show that the existing data of the global tracking network with continuous observations of the L1 and L2P signals with a 30-s sampling rate over the last two decades can provide valuable complementary soil moisture observations worldwide. 相似文献
180.