Biochemical alterations in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to zinc: glutathione reductase as a target

The aim of this study was to investigate biochemical changes in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to zinc chloride (10, 30 and 100 microM) for a period of 48 h. Zinc exposure caused a concentration-dependent reduction in glutathione reductase (GR) activity in gills, liver and brain. Gill glutathione S-transferase (GST) was reduced when animals were exposed to the highest concentration of 100 microM zinc. The phosphorylation of p38(MAPK) increased in the brain of fish exposed to zinc 100 microM, while phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) remained unchanged. Expression of proteins HSP60 and HSP70 were not affected by zinc exposure. Considering the significant concentration-dependent inhibition of GR in all tissues analyzed, this enzyme could be a potential biomarker of exposure to zinc, which has to be confirmed.     

Fresh snow chemistry from high mountain regions in central himalayas

Investigations of atmospheric composition in the Himalayas has been limited in both temporal and spatial scales, mainly due to difficult logistics. Ideal sites for monitoring atmospheric composition and its evolution should be free from local pollution and representative of the remote troposphere (HUEBERT et al., 1980). As the Himalayas are far removed from highly industrialized regions they provide suitable locations to monitor the chemistry of the remote troposphere and to study the evolu…     

ERA-Interim和GHCN-CAM再分析气温数据在天山山区的适应性分析

天山山区是新疆主要河流的发源地,对该区域再分析气温数据进行适应性分析具有重要的研究意义,气温观测数据由于受到太阳辐射、海拔、大气环流和传感器角度等因素的影响,导致诸多误差;在其应用之前需要验证,尤其在海拔差异较大的天山山区。为验证ERA-Interim和GHCN-CAM两种再分析气温数据在天山山区的适应性,本文在数据预处理的基础上,利用45个气象站点日平均气温数据分别计算偏差(BIAS)、相关系数(R)、均方根误差(RMSE)等统计指标,并从不同海拔、偏差的空间分布上对天山山区1984—2016年ERA-Interim和GHCN-CAM逐月平均气温数据进行了适应性分析。结果表明:(1) GHCN-CAM(R=0. 94; BIAS=0. 55℃; RMSE=4. 08℃)气温值在天山山区的适应性强于ERA(R=0. 95; BIAS=2. 35℃; RMSE=4. 21℃)。(2)在气温的年内变化上,两种再分析数据值均低于观测值,表现为低估。(3)在季节尺度上,冬季(12月、1月和2月)表现为冷偏差,其他季节暖偏差。春秋两季模拟精度比夏冬两季高。(4)在1500～2000 m地区气温的模拟最好。从偏差的空间分布来看,天山中部、东部的再分析数据比天山南、北部能更好的反映气温的空间分布特征。山区地形复杂度和气象站点的不均匀是影响再分析数据精度的主要因素。     

Structural Setting and Kinematic Analysis of the Halaban Region,Eastern Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia

The vorticity analysis technique was applied to measure the different lithological units,such as schist,metagranite and metavolcano-sedimentary rocks,which are present in the Halaban region.This work aims to interpret the relationship between the different lithologies and the tectonic setting,in order to elucidate the nature of kinematic analysis in the Halaban region.The kinematic analyses were applied to feldspar porphyroclasts,quartz and hornblende for twentysix samples.The kinematic vorticity number (W_m) for deformed rocks in the study area ranged from～0.6 to 0.9.The direction of the long axes for finite strain data (X axes) revealed a WNW trend with shallow dipping.The direction of the short axes for finite strain data (Z axes) were represented by vertical with associated horizontal foliation.The results of the kinematic vorticity and strain analyses are characterized by simple shear with different degrees of deformation in the Halaban region.Furthermore,our finite strain data shows no significant volume change during deformation.The subhorizontal foliation was synchronized with thrusting and deformation.Furthermore,throughout the overlying nappes,the same attitudes of tectonic contacts are observable,the nappes in the orogens being formed from simple shear deformation.     

2020年10月15日地磁垂直强度极化异常与玛多M7.4地震

利用地磁垂直强度极化法对2020年1月至2021年5月期间中国大陆西部的磁通门磁力仪秒采样观测资料开展了5 ～100 s频段的极化分析.发现2020年10月15日出现一次异常,高值出现的地震台站集中在甘肃、青海、四川、重庆、广西等地,插值后的空间分布图中形成一个大范围高值异常区,从青海中部一直延伸至了广西北部.同时,对...     

古尔班通古特沙漠地表辐射收支特征

古尔班通古特沙漠是中国最大的固定、半固定沙漠.利用2017年该沙漠克拉美丽站辐射资料,分析了古尔班通古特沙漠不同时间尺度和不同天气条件下的地表辐射变化特征.结果表明:(1)不同月份沙漠辐射收支各分量月平均日变化均呈单峰型,但极值大小及出现时间存在差异.各分量曝辐量季节变化明显:太阳总辐射表现为生长期(4-9月)＞积雪期...     

New Cases of Superflares on Slowly Rotating Solar-type Stars and Large Amplitude Superflares in G-and M-type Main Sequence Stars

In our previous work, we searched for superflares on different types of stars while focusing on G-type dwarfs using entire Kepler data to study statistical properties of the occurrence rate of superflares. Using these new data, as a byproduct, we found 14 cases of superflare detection on 13 slowly rotating Sun-like stars with rotation periods of24.5–44 days. This result supports the earlier conclusion by others that the Sun may possibly undergo a surprise superflare. Moreover, we found 12 and se...     

The Variability and Radial Velocity of Planetary Nebula Central Stars

The extremely accurate estimates of stellar variability and radial velocity in the Gaia Data Release 3(Gaia DR3)have enabled us to examine the close binarity and radial velocity(RV) of central stars(CSs) of planetary nebulae(PNe). This study is twofold:(1) searching for new close binary CS candidates to better understand how binarity affects the formation and evolution of PNe; and(2) extending the sample size of known RVs of PNe in order to understand their kinematics and the dynamics of the Mil...     

Application of soft computing techniques for shallow foundation reliability in geotechnical engineering

This research focuses on the application of three soft computing techniques including Minimax Probability Machine Regression(MPMR),Particle Swarm Optimization based Artificial Neural Network(ANN-PSO)and Particle Swarm Optimization based Adaptive Network Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS-PSO)to study the shallow foundation reliability based on settlement criteria.Soil is a heterogeneous medium and the involvement of its attributes for geotechnical behaviour in soil-foundation system makes the prediction of settlement of shallow a complex engineering problem.This study explores the feasibility of soft computing techniques against the deterministic approach.The settlement of shallow foundation depends on the parametersγ(unit weight),e0(void ratio)and CC(compression index).These soil parameters are taken as input variables while the settlement of shallow foundation as output.To assess the performance of models,different performance indices i.e.RMSE,VAF,R^2,Bias Factor,MAPE,LMI,U(95),RSR,NS,RPD,etc.were used.From the analysis of results,it was found that MPMR model outperformed PSO-ANFIS and PSO-ANN.Therefore,MPMR can be used as a reliable soft computing technique for non-linear problems for settlement of shallow foundations on soils.     

分频高阶扩展AVO技术在低孔低渗储层中的应用——以准噶尔盆地前哨地区三工河组二段为例

以叠前角道集、测井和试油资料为基础,利用广义S变换时频分析技术确定储层优势频带,在优势频带的约束下,利用高阶Aki-Richards近似方程拟合AVO曲线,求取更准确的截距和梯度;利用扩展弹性阻抗技术的坐标旋转方法,获得流体区分能力最优的AVO属性,结合试油结果进行有利区预测。结果表明：前哨地区三工河组二段储层的优势频段为33～68 Hz,进行AVO分析可以提高有利储层的预测精度。经分频高阶扩展AVO技术处理,有利储层的符合率由69%提高到94%。气层有利区主要集中于QS2—QS4、QS7井区及未钻探的QS1井西区域,其中未钻探面积为6.5 km²,是前哨地区天然气增储上产的重点潜力区。该结果为前哨地区天然气勘探部署提供技术支持。