城市土地利用综合效益评价与案例研究

土地利用效益是衡量土地利用水平的一项重要指标,从社会效益、经济效益和生态效益三个方面着手,建立城市土地利用效益评价指标体系,利用改进熵值法来确定各指标权重,构建土地利用效益的协调度评价模型,以量化方式评价全国14个大城市的土地利用综合效益的变化趋势,评价的结果与现实情况吻合,表明协调度函数模型可操作性强,可信度高,不失为一种评价城市土地利用效益较好的方法。     

岩溶地区人类活动的水文效应研究现状及展望

在全球气候变化背景下,加之岩溶生态系统的脆弱性及敏感性,地表水与地下水交换迅速,岩溶水动力系统对人类活动及其造成的生态环境变化反馈敏感。岩溶地区人类活动导致的植被退化、石漠化等环境问题已对岩溶地区的水文水循环过程造成了严重影响,水资源问题已成为岩溶地区发展的重要限制因素。本文在对岩溶生态系统及水文环境特性分析的基础上,从土地利用变化的水文效应,人类活动对降水—径流的影响、岩溶水资源的开发利用、岩溶地下水污染及水文模型在岩溶地区的应用等方面,概述了岩溶地区人类活动水文效应的相关研究现状与不足,总结了未来岩溶地区人类活动水文效应的5个研究趋势,并探讨了研究中的重点及难点问题。     

Ecological thresholds of phytoplankton community across environmental gradients in the harmful algal blooms-frequently-occurring,subtropical coastal waters,East China Sea

Phytoplankton communities can response immediately and directly to environmental changes,and thus have been applied as reliable biotic indicators in aquatic systems.This study provided insights into the relationships concerning ecological thresholds of phytoplankton communities and individual taxon in response to environmental changes in coastal waters of northern Zhejiang Province,East China Sea.Results demonstrated that there existed seasonal variations of phytoplankton community ecological thresholds of which spring being higher than those in summer.As for individual species,Prorocentrum donghaiense and Noctiluca scintillans were identified as the most tolerant and sensitive indicator species in spring and summer,respectively.They exhibited strong indications in response to environmental changes.These findings highlighted that phytoplankton community structure in this region was stable when environmental gradients were below the thresholds of sensitive species,whereas potential harmful algal blooms may occur when environmental gradients exceeded the thresholds of tolerant species.     

马氏珠母贝育珠术前处理和术后休养期软体部生化组成的变化

以2龄马氏珠母贝为材料,建立S1(对照组)、S2(术前处理后不插核)、S3(术前处理后插核)和S4(不做术前处理直接插核)四个试验组,每组500个个体。比较研究了术前处理和休养期间各组软体部干重和糖、脂肪、蛋白质含量的差异。试验结果如下:(1)术前处理后,S2和S3组软体部干重显著小于S1组(P<0.05);S2组短期休养后恢复到S1组水平;S3组在休养期结束后仍然显著小于S1组(P<0.05)。(2)插核后,S4组软体部干重显著小于S1组(P<0.05);休养20天后恢复到S1组水平;(3)术前处理后,S2和S3组的软体部糖、脂肪含量明显下降。(4)插核后,S4组的软体部糖、脂肪含量明显下降。(5)试验期间,各组蛋白质含量总体呈上升趋势。结果表明术前处理能够有效降低育珠贝的生理活性;术前处理的马氏珠母贝表现出补偿生长效应,并在营养限制或创伤后的恢复过程中,首先利用体内储存的糖原和脂肪。     

无线移频报小型自动填图机的研制

本文介绍自行设计的无线移频报小型自动填图机的设计思想、技术指导和软件硬件设计,并对主要技术问题作了解析。     

The effects of recombinant eel growth hormone,methyltestosterone and L-thyroxine on the growth of red sea bream,Pagrosomus major

the effects of recombinant eel growth hormone (reGH), methyltestosterone (MT) and L-thyroxine (T4) on the growth of red sea bream,Pagrosomus major, were investigated. Administration of reGH to fry by immersion at 2 mg/1 for 2 h every 5 days resulted in significant increase in both weight and length, but the condition factor (CF) diminished relative to that of similarly treated controls over the 37 day treatment period. Immersion in 0.1 mg/l T4 also resulted in significant increase in both weight and length and higher survival rate of test fry compared to the controls. Immersion in MT had less effect on growth and high-dose resulted in high mortality. In the second study, injection of 2 μg reGH/(g·wk) caused a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR) of test red sea bream fingerlings relative to that of the controls during the 4—week treatment period and maintained the increasing trend over the post-treatment period (weeks 4–6). Injection of MT at a dosage of 1μg/(g·wk) resulted in a significant increase in SGR during the 4—week treatment period. Intramuscular injection of 0.1 μg T4/(g·wk) also resulted in a significant increase in weight. Injection of high-doses of MT and T4 inhibited growth and resulted in darkening skin, bulging eyes and thinning body. In muscle chemical composition, the treated groups had no significant differences compared to the controls, but the high-dose MT and T4 groups showed significant increases in lipid content. Potential practical methods for hormone application in fish culture are discussed.     

建立国产化地震地理信息系统

根据地震研究、预测、预报、抗震、减灾、救灾的需求，阐述了建立国产化地震地理信息系统的必要性。分析了目前地理信息系统在地震数据处理中的应用以及存在的问题，提出了解决问题的方案。     

Grid point search algorithm for fast integer ambiguity resolution

A Grid Point Search Algorithm (GRIPSA) for fast integer ambiguity resolution is presented. In the proposed algorithm, after the orthogonal transformation of the original ambiguity parameters, the confidence ellipsoid of the new parameters is represented by a rectangular polyhedron with its edges parallel to the corresponding axes. A cubic grid covering the whole polyhedron is then identified and transformed back to the original coordinate system. The integer values of the corresponding transformed grid points are obtained by rounding off the transformed values to their nearest integer values. These values are then tested as to whether they are located inside the polyhedron. Since the identification of the grid points in the transformed coordinate system greatly reduces the search region of the integer ambiguities, marked improvements are obtained in the computational effort. Received: 13 October 1997 / Accepted: 9 June 1998     

1917及1944年鸭绿江口的两次历史强震

本文根据发掘的地震史料,较详细地介绍了１９１７年及１９４４年发生在辽宁丹东南鸭江口的两次历史地震,并且圈绘了这两次地震在沿海陆地上烈度影响范围图。     

朝鲜半岛三次历史强震

本文是在整理朝鲜半岛地震史料的基础上,着重对其发生的１５４６年１３／２级地震,１６８１年７级地震、１８１０年２９／４级地震等做了详细介绍,并尝试的给出等震线图。