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961.
962.
非开挖技术在市政管道铺设中的应用越来越广泛,从直径50mm通讯光缆-直径3000mm混凝土管道,采用非开挖安装各种管道都变得很普遍。同时,鉴于非开挖技术综合效益优越性、环境友好型施工特点,也逐渐被工程建设方、社会所接受和认可。泥水平衡顶管技术是非开挖最为成熟的技术之一,在城市市政设施建设中也起着举足轻重的作用。采用泥水平衡顶管技术进行城市雨污分流改造已经在国内大量城市取得应用,但是,采用泥水平衡顶管在岩层中铺设直径达2000mm埋深在5m电力管道,在国内为数不多,在福建厦门地区也是尚属首次。通过在工程施工中对设备、施工工艺的摸索和改进,最后采用泥水平衡顶管施工技术成功铺设建设方所要求的电力管道。本工程将为在福建地区采用预管技术铺设大口径长距离、曲线管道提供了指导和借鉴。 相似文献
963.
The pores in shales are mainly on a nanometer scale, and the pore-size distribution is vital with regard to the preservation and exploitation of shale gas. This study focuses on the organic-rich lower Cambrian black shale in the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China and investigates their TOC, mineralogical composition and nanopore structure. Low-pressure N2 and CO2 adsorption experiments were conducted at 77.35 K and 273.15 K, respectively, and the nanopore structures were characterised by the modified Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Dubinin–Radushkevich, t-plot, Barrett–Joyner–Halenda and density functional theory (DFT) methods. The results indicate the following. (1) The lower Cambrian shale has a high TOC content (1.77–7.23 wt%) and a high quartz content (27.7–51.6 vol%). The total specific surface area varies from 12.02 to 28.87 m2/g. Both the total specific surface area and quartz content are positively associated with the TOC content. (2) Shale samples with a higher TOC content have a greater number of micropores, resulting in more complicated nanopore structures. Micropore volumes/surface areas and non-micropore surface areas all increase with increasing TOC content, indicating that TOC is the key factor determining the nanopore structure of the lower Cambrian shale. (3) A combination of N2 and CO2 adsorption provides the most suitable detection range (~0.3–60 nm) and is both highly reliable and accurate with regard to nanopore structure characterisation. 相似文献
964.
Peng-yu Chen 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(2):663-677
The aims of this paper are to analyze the effects of microparameters on macroparameters of flat-jointed bonded-particle materials of particle flow code in two dimensions (PFC2D) and improve the efficiency of trial-and-error method in calibration of microparameters. The trial-and-error method is always used to calibrate the microparameters for a PFC2D model, but it is time-consuming and empirical. To improve the efficiency of the trial-and-error method, the effects of microparameters on macroparameters need to be analyzed. By using the trial-and-error method, a desirable set of microparameters for a uniaxial compression PFC2D model (with a flat-joint contact model as the contact model) of limestone were calibrated to match the macroscopic properties obtained from laboratory tests. Based on the calibration set of microparameters, effects of microparameters on macroparameters of the PFC2D model were studied by the orthogonal design method. On this basis, a flowchart of calibrating microparameters via trial-and-error method was proposed. This flowchart was used to calibrate the microparameters of granite. The macroparameters and failure characteristics determined from numerical simulation were very similar to those of laboratory tests, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed flowchart. 相似文献
965.
Dou Jie Yunus Ali P. Xu Yueren Zhu Zhongfan Chen Chi-Wen Sahana Mehebub Khosravi Khabat Yang Yong Pham Binh Thai 《Natural Hazards》2019,97(2):579-609
Natural Hazards - This study investigated the characteristics of rainfall-triggered landslides during the Typhoon Bilis in the Dongjiang Reservoir Watershed, China. The comparative shallow... 相似文献
966.
福来厂铅锌矿床位于黔西北垭都—蟒硐铅锌成矿带西南部,夹持于天桥与猫猫厂两个铅锌矿床之间,矿床(体)分布严格受构造控制。运用矿田地质力学理论和方法,对福来厂铅锌矿区进行大比例尺构造剖面精测和典型的控矿构造力学性质鉴定以及不同方向断裂、褶皱构造筛分,研究认为自印支晚期—喜马拉雅期以来该区主要经历了三期构造活动,其主压应力方向分别经历了北西向→北东向→近东西向的转变过程,认为矿床的导矿、配矿、容矿构造分别为矿区棋盘格式构造、北东向断裂(倾向北西)与北西西向断裂及其下盘背斜翼部的层间断裂带,此外,矿区存在北西向(倾向北东)破矿构造,明显切割、错移矿体,控制着矿体的空间定位。综合上述,文章在总结了构造控矿规律的基础上,建立了该矿床成矿构造体系,为找矿勘查和矿床成因研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
967.
Surface characterization of maize-straw-derived biochars and their sorption performance for MTBE and benzene 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Liwei Xiao Erping Bi Beibei Du Xiaoli Zhao Chen Xing 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(12):5195-5205
Biochars generated at various temperatures might show significant differences in sorption for organic contaminants. In this study, a series of biochars, generated from pyrolyzing maize straws at different temperatures, were systematically characterized. The characterization results showed that with increasing pyrolysis temperature, the surface areas, micropore areas and aromaticity of biochars were enhanced. Batch experiments were conducted to study methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and benzene sorption to biochars. The results indicated that the sorption capacity of benzene to biochars was higher than that of MTBE. The higher pyrolyzed temperature of biochars resulted in a stronger sorption affinity for target compounds, and the dominant sorption mechanisms varied for biochars pyrolyzed at different temperatures. The sorption to biochars pyrolyzed at 700 and 800 °C performed a high adsorption capacity, which indicated that they might be a promising sorbent to remove MTBE and benzene from water. Biochar pyrolyzed at 400 °C showed transitional sorption mechanisms from partition to adsorption for MTBE and benzene. Pore-filling was a possible sorption mechanism to biochars pyrolyzed at high temperature. 相似文献
968.
969.
Spatial distribution of soil erosion and suspended sediment transport rate for Chou-Shui river basin
Chin-Ping Lin Ching-Nuo Chen Yu-Min Wang Chih-Heng Tsai Chang-Tai Tsai 《Journal of Earth System Science》2014,123(7):1517-1539
In this study, a Physiographic Soil Erosion–Deposition Model (PSED) is applied for better management of a watershed. The PSED model can effectively evaluate the key parameters of watershed management: surface runoff discharge, suspended sediment transport rate, quantity of soil erosion, and spatial distribution of soil erosion and deposition. A basin usually contains multiple watersheds. These watersheds may have complex topography and heterogeneous physiographic properties. The PSED model, containing a physiographic rainfall-runoff model and a basin scale erosion–deposition model, can simulate the physical mechanism of the entire erosion process based on a detailed calculation of bed-load transportation, surface soil entrainment, and the deposition mechanism. With the assistance of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), the PSED model can handle and analyze extremely large hydrologic and physiographic datasets and simulate the physical erosion process without the need for simplification. We verified the PSED model using three typhoon events and 40 rainfall events. The application of PSED to Chou-Shui River basin shows that the PSED model can accurately estimate discharge hydrographs, suspended sediment transport rates, and sediment yield. Additionally, we obtained reasonable quantities of soil erosion as well as the spatial distribution of soil erosion and deposition. The results show that the PSED model is capable of calculating spatially distributed soil erosion and suspended sediment transport rates for a basin with multiple watersheds even if these watersheds have complex topography and heterogeneous physiographic properties. 相似文献
970.
高岭石与碱剂作用后反应液中硅铝元素变化规律研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
本文系统地研究了高岭石与碱剂间的作用对反应后的液相参数进行全面测定,以查清温度,反应时间,碱性驱替剂的种类浓度等因素与液相参数和固相参数的关系。提出高岭石的非一致性溶蚀趋势,并探讨高岭石与碱性驱替剂的作用机理,丰富了化学驱油过程中化学剂与矿物作用方面的基础理论。 相似文献