Assessment of Marine Clay Improvement Under Reclamation Fills by in-situ Testing Methods

In ground improvement projects with prefabricated vertical drains, the duration of the preloading period is set in advance based on the predetermined time rate of consolidation of the compressible layer. If prediction is accurately done, the required degree of consolidation is met at the pre-determined preloading time. As such, there is a requirement for in-situ tests to be carried out just prior to the removal of surcharge to assess the degree of consolidation of the improved ground. In-situ tests were carried out after 23 months of surcharge loading at the In-Situ Test Site within the Changi East Reclamation Project in the Republic of Singapore. In-situ testing works in this research study comprises the use of field vane shear, piezocone, flat dilatometer and self-boring pressuremeter. The in-situ tests were carried out to determine the shear strength and degree of consolidation of the Singapore marine clay at Changi after 23 months of surcharge loading. The In-Situ Test Site consisted of a Vertical Drain Area as well as an untreated Control Area. Both areas were located adjacent to each other and were surcharged simultaneously to the same level and surcharge left in place for a period of 23 months. Comparison was made between the in-situ test results of the Vertical Drain Area and the untreated Control Area.     

紫色丘陵区不同侵蚀沉积地段土壤结构特征

以中国科学院盐亭紫色土农业生态试验站小流域为例，研究不同土壤侵蚀沉积地段（斜坡和沟谷不同部位）的土壤结构特征，以了解侵蚀沉积对土壤结构的影响。结果表明，在植被覆盖较好的坡体顶部，土壤侵蚀较弱，团聚度达到30．1％，MWD变化为3．4mm，土壤结构良好；沟谷底部由于沉积而有较多细土物质并具有适宜的水分条件，有利于土壤团聚体的形成，结构状况亦较好，团聚度达到50．3％，结构保持率为35．4％；而坡腰侵蚀较严重，团聚度仅为13．6％，结构保持率为14．1％，土壤结构状况较差。     

胶莱盆地含金建造地球化学特征

胶莱盆地蓬家夼金矿床及宋家沟金矿床均赋存于下白垩统莱阳群一段含金建造中,该含金建造由砾岩、含砾砂岩、碳质泥岩及碳酸盐岩等组成,Au100.2～241.0ng/g,Ag1.50～3.73μg/g,Zn560～1021μg/g,Pb356～364μg/g,Cu60～394μg/g,As11.0～25.4μg/g,同时富硫及有机碳。含金建造K-Rb、K-Ba呈正相关,K-Sr、K-Ca不相关,Sr/Ba<1,B、V关系均显示了陆相淡水沉积特征。La/Y-REE组成显示了沉积特征。围岩、矿石及矿石中黄铁矿及磁铁矿的稀土元素分布模式相似,该含金建造是矿源层也是容矿层,是区内重要的成矿地质条件及找矿标志。     

真空-堆载联合预压处理软基效果的室内试验研究

对甬-台-温高速公路采用真空-堆载联合预压处理软基前后的土样进行了室内试验分析,得出了合理的试验结论,即土的物理性质指标分别得到不同程度的降低,强度指标得到较大的提高。     

极谱催化波测定天然水中微量锗的研究

系统研究了Ｇｅ－ＡＲＳ－Ｈ２Ｃ２Ｏ４－Ｖ体系报道极谱催化波的影响因素，测定了Ｇｅ－ＡＲＳ－Ｈ２Ｃ２Ｏ４三元配合物的配合比为１：２：１。实验初步证明了该体系催化波为具有吸附性质的平行催化波。本法检出限为０．１４ｍｇ．ｍＬ＾－１，相对标准偏差小于９．８９％，标准回收率为９３．７０％－１０９．０％，０－５０ｍｇ．ｍＬ＾－１的锗具有良好的线性关系。     

Apparent and real bias in numerical transfer functions in palaeolimnology

We present an evaluation of the procedure by which model prediction bias is examined in palaeolimnological transfer function inference models. We argue that most of the prediction biases commonly reported in the literature are, in fact, fallacious, and are the artificial consequence of the inappropriate manner in which residuals are traditionally examined. We show that the extent of the specious model bias is entirely predictable from first principles and is essentially determined by the strength of the predictive model. We suggest that the analysis of residuals should always be examined as a function of the model's predictions and we discuss the implications of the old and new approaches.     

桩底注浆钻孔灌注桩承载力的研究

通过天津地区几例钻孔灌注桩桩底注浆的静载荷试桩结果 ,分析天津地区钻孔灌注桩桩底注浆单桩竖向极限承载力标准值的估算方法     

云南个旧卡房铜多金属矿床流体包裹体特征及其地质意义

卡房铜多金属矿床位于云南省个旧锡多金属矿集区, 作为该区南段典型的铜多金属矿床, 其深入的成矿流体性质及成矿物质来源研究尚为薄弱, 限制了对该矿床成因的深入认识。本文对产于玄武岩中的似层状铜多金属矿体(主要成矿类型)开展了精细的野外岩相学、矿物学、C-H-O同位素及流体包裹体原位成分分析。结果显示, 流体包裹体主要为气液两相水溶液包裹体, 石英流体包裹体均一温度为 264.5~330.5 ℃、盐度w(NaCleq)为16.24%~18.20%、密度为0.853~0.924 g/cm3; 萤石流体包裹体均一温度为199.8~339.1 ℃、盐度w(NaCleq)为8.81%~18.88%、密度为0.822~0.955 g/cm3; 方解石流体包裹体均一温度为112.1~199.4 ℃、盐度w(NaCleq)为4.96%~10.86%、密度为0.910~1.011 g/cm3, 表明卡房铜多金属矿床成矿流体具有中低温、中低盐度、低密度特征, 且早阶段到晚阶段, 成矿温度和流体盐度明显降低。与Cu矿共生的石英δDV-SMOW值为–83.9‰ ~ –78.9‰, δ18OH2O值为4.63‰~12.14‰, 方解石δ13CV-PDB值为–7.11‰~ 0.64‰; 同时, 石英单个流体包裹体原位分析结果显示流体包裹体富集大离子亲石元素, 如Na、K、Rb、Cs、Sr等。这些特征暗示了流体可能来源于与花岗质岩浆有关的热液流体, 热液流体上升过程中与围岩碳酸盐岩发生强烈的水-岩反应; 该过程可能萃取了玄武岩层中的Cu物质, 诱发了Cu的富集并最终成矿。     

济阳坳陷孤南洼陷低熟油成藏特征

孤南洼陷具有丰富的低熟油资源，低熟油中的生物标志物以高伽玛蜡烷含量，植烷优势，低成熟度为特征。下第三系沙一段是低熟油的源岩，其岩性为富含藻类有机质的油页岩，油泥岩，低熟油在平面上环生烃洼陷分布，剖面上层位集中在沙二－沙一段，断层控制了低熟油的运移距离和聚集层位，低熟油的成藏模式有3种，即自源侧向运移聚集成藏，自源断层垂向运聚成茂混合运取成藏模式。孤南洼陷低熟油盆地内部以侧向运移，侧向充注入岩性－断块圈闭为主，形成单源油藏。在断藏带原油是以垂向运移及垂向充注断块圈闭为主，形成混源油藏。