岩浆不混溶分异过程动力学分析

根据实验和具体实例,从岩浆不混溶分异过程分析了不混溶球体相随粒经大小而发展演化的阶段性。在早期,数十微米级以下细小的不混溶球体相互相碰撞合并作用剧烈,生长迅速,正因为如此,以及岩浆结晶作用影响,这种球体相一般难以保存下来。另一极端情况是不混溶相生长到米级以上粒径的球体相时,由于快速的重力分离作用,也难以呈球状保存下来,而形成较大规模的分异层状体。只有毫米级到厘米级的不混溶球体相,由于发展缓慢,容易保存,以致可以在火成岩中看到这种球颗（粒）结构。有时微米级球体可以在淬冷火山岩基质中得以保存。从力学角度看,岩浆不混溶相的发展过程是一种有效的岩浆分异演化机理。     

NCEP FNL全球分析资料的解码及其图形显示

美国环境预报中心（NCEP）的FNL资料分辨率较高且融合了大量的观测资料及卫星反演资料,被广泛用于数值模式及天气、气候的诊断分析研究中。本文对该类资料的解码程序及绘图时所需控制文件、索引文件生成方法进行介绍,通过一系列批处理命令,可以进行大量FNL资料的解码及绘图处理,为科研工作者在资料内容提取和图形显示等方面的工作提供一定的参考。     

地质雷达在公路路面检测中的应用

探讨了地质雷达在公路路面无损检测中的应用,重点介绍了野外资料采集时的参数设置和室内数据处理,以及处理后资料的解释,并给出了应用实例。     

南海及邻域现代构造应力场与近代地壳运动及地壳稳定性研究

本文根据有限元法反演了南海及邻域现代构造应力场的基本特征,着重讨论了应力场与地震活动、火山活动、活动断裂和地壳升降运动等的相关性,并根据最大剪应力的数值将本区划分为极不稳定区(≥1.8×10~7Pa)、不稳定区(1.2×10~7Pa-1.8×10~7Pa)、次稳定区(6×10~6Pa-1.2×10~7Pa)和稳定区(<6×10~6Pa)等4个大区域的地壳稳定性分区。     

Assessment of second- and third-order ionospheric effects on regional networks: case study in China with longer CMONOC GPS coordinate time series

Higher-order ionospheric (HOI) delays are one of the principal technique-specific error sources in precise global positioning system analysis and have been proposed to become a standard part of precise GPS data processing. In this research, we apply HOI delay corrections to the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China’s (CMONOC) data processing (from January 2000 to December 2013) and furnish quantitative results for the effects of HOI on CMONOC coordinate time series. The results for both a regional reference frame and global reference frame are analyzed and compared to clarify the HOI effects on the CMONOC network. We find that HOI corrections can effectively reduce the semi-annual signals in the northern and vertical components. For sites with lower semi-annual amplitudes, the average decrease in magnitude can reach 30 and 10 % for the northern and vertical components, respectively. The noise amplitudes with HOI corrections and those without HOI corrections are not significantly different. Generally, the HOI effects on CMONOC networks in a global reference frame are less obvious than the results in the regional reference frame, probably because the HOI-induced errors are smaller in comparison to the higher noise levels seen when using a global reference frame. Furthermore, we investigate the combined contributions of environmental loading and HOI effects on the CMONOC stations. The largest loading effects on the vertical displacement are found in the mid- to high-latitude areas. The weighted root mean square differences between the corrected and original weekly GPS height time series of the loading model indicate that the mass loading adequately reduced the scatter on the CMONOC height time series, whereas the results in the global reference frame showed better agreements between the GPS coordinate time series and the environmental loading. When combining the effects of environmental loading and HOI corrections, the results with the HOI corrections reduced the scatter on the observed GPS height coordinates better than the height when estimated without HOI corrections, and the combined solutions in the regional reference frame indicate more preferred improvements. Therefore, regional reference frames are recommended to investigate the HOI effects on regional networks.     

基于LinuxPPS的高精度校时系统实现

为了实现南极天文观测设备的精确校时,采用搭建高精度网络时间协议NTP（Network Time Protoc01）服务器的方法实现。基本思路是从NMEA0183数据中提取时间信息,通过PPS信号保证高精度。具体实现方法：主要采用GPS接收芯片G591构造硬件电路,软件部分需要LinuxPPS（Linux Pulse Per Second）和NTP服务器软件的正确安装和配置。对照实验表明基于LinuxPPS的NTP服务器是精确、稳定而可靠的。     

Major dry mergers in early-type brightest cluster galaxies

We search for ongoing major dry mergers in a well-selected sample of local brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) from the C4 cluster catalogue. 18 out of 515 early-type BCGs with redshift between 0.03 and 0.12 are found to be in major dry mergers, which are selected as pairs (or triples) with r -band magnitude difference  δ m _r < 1.5  and projected separation   r _p < 30 kpc  , and showing signatures of interaction in the form of significant asymmetry in residual images. We find that the fraction of BCGs in major dry mergers increases with the richness of the clusters, consistent with the fact that richer clusters usually have more massive (or luminous) BCGs. We estimate that present-day early-type BCGs may have experienced on average  ∼0.6 ( t _merge/0.3 Gyr)⁻¹  major dry mergers and through this process increases their luminosity (mass) by 15 per cent  ( t _merge/0.3 Gyr)⁻¹ ( f _mass/0.5)  on average since   z = 0.7  , where t _merge is the merging time-scale and f _mass is the mean mass fraction of companion galaxies added to the central ones. We also find that major dry mergers do not seem to elevate radio activities in BCGs. Our study shows that major dry mergers involving BCGs in clusters of galaxies are not rare in the local Universe, and they are an important channel for the formation and evolution of BCGs.     

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火灾烟颗粒分形模型和球形模型光散射的比较研究

对烟颗粒的光散射进行模拟计算是研究火灾烟颗粒光散射特性的重要手段,目前对于火灾烟颗粒光散射的数值计算多采用球形或椭球模型.实际上,火灾烟颗粒的形貌与球形和椭球均存在着显著差异.扫描电子显微镜图像表明,烟颗粒具有近似分形的结构.本文利用离散偶极近似方法计算了随机取向的火灾烟颗粒分形凝团以及同体积的球形颗粒的光散射Muller矩阵,并对两者的归一化Muller矩阵元素随散射角的分布进行了比较.研究表明:火灾烟颗粒分形模型和球形模型的归一化矩阵元素F₁₁(θ)/F_{11相似文献}   

Chemical characteristics of water environment in limnic wetlands in the western Songnen Plain, China

Duetoregionalhydrogeologicandclimaticconditions,inthewesternSongnenPlain,themostdistinctcharacteristicofwaterenvironmentinlimnicwetlandsisthatmanywaterbodieshavehighsaltcontentsandpHvalues,andsomelimnicwetlandsbelongtosaltmarshes.Thelimnicwetlandsofthisregionarespecialnaturecomplex.Itisimportantfortheutilizationofwetlandresourcesandtheintegrateddevelopmentofsaline-alkalinesoiltostudychemicalcharacteristicsofwaterenvironmentinthisregion.1NATURALENVIRONMENTCHARACTERISTICSOFTHEWE…