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151.
Simulation of multigaussian stochastic fields can be made after a Karhunen-Loéve expansion of a given covariance function.
This method is also called simulation by Empirical Orthogonal Functions. The simulations are made by drawing stochastic coefficients
from a random generator. These numbers are multiplied with eigenfunctions and eigenvalues derived from the predefined covariance
model. The number of eigenfunctions necessary to reproduce the stochastic process within a predefined variance error, turns
out to be a cardinal question. Some ordinary analytical covariance functions are used to evaluate how quickly the series of
eigenfunctions can be truncated. This analysis demonstrates extremely quick convergence to 99.5% of total variance for the
2nd order exponential (‘gaussian’) covariance function, while the opposite is true for the 1st order exponential covariance
function. Due to these convergence characteristics, the Karhunen-Loéve method is most suitable for simulating smooth fields
with ‘gaussian’ shaped covariance functions. Practical applications of Karhunen-Loéve simulations can be improved by spatial
interpolation of the eigenfunctions. In this paper, we suggest interpolation by kriging and limits for reproduction of the
predefined covariance functions are evaluated. 相似文献
152.
中国大陆及邻区大尺度浅源强震空间分布的不均匀性和板块耦合的力学机制 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
对近代中国大陆及其邻区板内浅源强震空间分布的大尺度不均匀性进行研究,得出:(1)该区存在4个主要的高地震活动区,即华北地震区(30°~42°N)、东南沿海地震区(19°~25°N)、南北地震区(缅甸—中国—蒙古)和中亚地震区(帕米尔—天山—贝加尔湖);(2)这4个地震区与该区周围板块(欧亚板块与北美—太平洋—菲律宾海—印度板块)之间边界上地震耦合强度大的段落大致垂直;(3)作用于板块边界不同段落上的应力水平差异,可能是中国大陆及其邻区板内近代大尺度强震活动空间分布不均匀性的控制因素 相似文献
153.
154.
福建省区域地质调查队三分队在元坑幅及埔上幅1:5万区调中分别发现了将乐常口大型萤石矿和顺昌南舟萤石矿。两个矿床均位于常口-南舟北东向断裂带中,受其次级张性断裂直接控制,矿床成因类似。 相似文献
155.
156.
本文简述了GPS测量技术 ,重点介绍了福建地壳形变GPS观测网利用GPS定位技术在地壳形变监测方面及其在地球动力学方面的应用 ,并取得了有重要意义的科学成果。 相似文献
157.
高产高效综放工作面顶板水综合防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通 过 对 T2195工 作 面 顶板 涌 水 水 质化 验 、周 边 开 采 情 况 的 综 合 分 析 认 为:T2195工 作 面 涌 水 以 5煤 层 顶 板 水为 主,地面 注 浆水 只是 起 了间 接补 给 作用 。为 此提 出 继续 进行 地 面注 浆、进一 步 完善 井下 排 水系 统等 有 针对 性的 防 治水 措施 ,确 保 工作 面的 高 产高 效。 相似文献
158.
The paper introduces the horizontal crustal movement obtained from GPS observations in the regional networks (including the
basic network and the fiducial network) of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) carried out in 1999
and 2001. This paper is characterized by the acquisition of the horizontal displacement velocities during the period from
1999 to 2001 at the observation stations in the regional networks with datum definition of a group of stable stations with
small mutual displacements in east China. Based on the most detailed map of horizontal crustal movement in Chinese mainland,
the division of blocks, their displacements and deformations are studied. An approach to analysis of the intensity of the
horizontal crustal deformation is proposed. The general characteristics of the recent horizontal crustal movement in Chinese
mainland and that before the Kunlunshan earthquake of M=8.1 on November 14, 2001 are analyzed.
Foundation item: The National Development and Programming Project for Key Basic Research (95-13-03-07). 相似文献
159.
160.
We study the importance of the zones of weakness and the pattern of downgoing flow in steady-state models of subducting lithosphere, which interacts mechanically and thermally with the ambient mantle. The non-linear system of governing equations consists of (i) the momentum equation in stream function formulation and (ii) the steady-state heat transfer equation including conduction and advection of heat and dissipation. A finite element method has been applied to this system. We consider the viscosity to be a non-linear function of both the temperature and the stream function. In steady-state two-dimensional (2D) flow, the stream function isolines follow material trajectories. They are used to follow the top of the subducting slab, which because of its possible increase in water content, is assumed to have a lower viscosity. The zone of weakness has been thus obtained in the self-consistent fashion since the stream function as well as the temperature are the output from our modeling and no a priori assumptions about the shape of the bending lithosphere are taken into account. It was shown that several orders decrease of viscosity in the zone of weakness is required to obtain the dip angle of about 45°. If the decrease of viscosity is not sufficient enough, the subducted slab either sinks almost vertically or does not exhibit a plate-like behavior. We have also demonstrated that shear heating can unrealistically increase at the zone of weakness for fast subductions if decrease of viscosity is underestimated. 相似文献