海拉尔地震台阵噪声源调查

利用海拉尔地震台阵位置资料,选取台阵半径50 km范围,通过实地摸排和GPS仪定位方法,判断台阵周围有无国际标注的各大噪声源,同时计算噪声源与台阵的距离,分析台阵所属9个子台环境噪声水平,并将现今噪声功率谱与2000年时进行对比,汇总结果,并对台阵环境噪声水平进行评价。结果表明,海拉尔地震台阵周围有6类噪声源,其中工业设施和公共交通对台阵噪声水平的影响集中在高频段,但对监测能力影响不大;根据地震计安放位置与干扰源的最小距离进行评价,得出7个子台噪声源水平达到Ⅰ级台站环境地噪声水平,B₄、B₅子台处于Ⅱ级台站环境地噪声水平,台阵噪声水平总体处于良好状态,不影响仪器的正常运行。     

基于SVR的旱区稀疏植被覆盖下土壤水分遥感反演

中国西北半干旱区降水稀少、蒸散强烈,土壤水分作为重要的生态因子,影响着土壤-大气界面的能量平衡。支持向量回归模型具有估算精度高、可处理非线性问题、泛化能力强等优点,近年来被应用于土壤水分反演研究中,但已有模型极少考虑地表粗糙度因素的影响,导致反演精度受到一定限制。因此,本文以内蒙古乌审旗为研究区,采用水云模型去除地表稀疏植被覆盖的影响,提取全极化Radarsat-2 SAR影像裸土后向散射系数（ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{soil}}^0 ）,并利用AIEM模型和Oh模型建立后向散射系数数据库,采用LUT法模拟地表有效粗糙度参数,构建基于支持向量回归的土壤水分反演模型,并系统地对比分析了不同极化方式的后向散射系数作为数据源的土壤水分反演结果。研究结果表明：不考虑粗糙度参数的单数据源作为模型参数时,同极化数据反演结果比交叉极化具有更高的反演精度;当模型参数为考虑粗糙度的多源数据时,不同极化数据的反演精度均有所提高,其中数据源为 {\sigma }_{\mathit{vv}}^0 和粗糙度参数时,反演结果最好（R ²=0.917,MAE=3.980%,RMSE=5.187%）。研究结果可为旱区稀疏植被覆盖地表土壤水分的遥感监测提供技术支持。     

基于Hilbert变换处理绝对重力仪测量数据

基于Hilbert变换相位平移原理,提取干涉条纹信号采样点瞬时相位,得到采样点位移信息。结合采样频率提取时间信息,利用最小二乘法重建自由落体轨迹,最终解算出重力加速度g值。为提高测量精度,使用零相移低通滤波器去除信号高频噪声,使用多项式拟合法去除信号线性干扰,通过加窗口选取拟合数据抑制吉伯斯现象。仿真结果表明,该方法能使g值误差在10-2 μGal以下,实验结果所得g值平均误差为0.12 μGal。     

Comparison and analysis on lunar rotation with lunar gravity field models

Understanding the structure of and dynamic processes in the deep interior of planets is crucial for understanding their origin and evolution. An effective way to constrain them is through observation of rotation and subsequent simulation. In this paper, a numerical model of the Moon’s rotation and orbital motion is developed based on previous studies and implemented independently. The Moon is modeled as an anelastic body with a liquid core. The equations of the rotation were nonlinear and the Euler angles are cross coupled. We solve them numerically via the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) and multi-steps Adams-Bashforth-Moulton (ABM) predictor-corrector numerical integration. We have found that adequate accuracy is maintained by taking twelve steps per day using eleventh differences in the integrating polynomial. The lunar orbital and rotational equations are strongly coupled, so we integrated the rotation and motion simultaneously. We refer to other planetary informations from the newest planetary and lunar ephemeris INPOP17a, which is reported had fitted the longest LLR (Lunar Laser Ranging) observation data. Using the model GL660B from GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) mission, we firstly compare our numerical results with the INPOP17a to prove the reasonability of our model. After that we apply the lunar gravity model CEGM02 determined from Chang’E-1 mission and SGM100h from SELENE mission to our model, the difference between results from CEGM02 and GL660B are less than \(-0.20 \sim0.15\) arc-second, and \(-0.25 \sim0.20\) arc-second for GL660B and SGM100h. Compared to SGM100h, the results show that the low degree and order coefficients (less than 6 from this paper) of lunar gravity field were improved in CEGM02 as expected. It is the first time to demonstrate that these models can be applied to lunar rotation model. These results manifest that a development of the gravity field measure will help us to know the rotation motion more precisely.     

海洋中塑料污染物的迁移、归趋及其监测

海洋塑料作为一类具有潜在生态风险的污染物,已经引起了研究人员的重点关注。大到数米的塑料垃圾,小到微米级的微塑料,塑料污染物以各种形式在海洋环境中广泛存在。因能长期以固体形式赋存于海水和沉积物中,塑料污染物比溶解性污染物更难在海洋介质中均匀分散;但近年来,各项调查活动却在远离塑料来源的大洋、极地和深海中均发现了塑料污染物,这显然与塑料在海洋环境中的迁移息息相关。一方面,海洋中塑料污染物的分布和迁移受到塑料自身性质以及多种环境因素的影响。因此,针对海洋塑料污染物设计监测方案时,有必要通过对这些因素的研判,规范和优化采样方案,有效提高采样代表性。另一方面,了解海洋塑料污染物迁移和归趋的影响因素,也是预测塑料污染物蓄积和富集的海域或层次,推断其在海洋生境中的暴露情况,进而预测其潜在风险的必要前提。本文归纳了海洋塑料污染物迁移规律的相关研究,分析了影响海洋中塑料污染物水平和垂直分布的因素,总结并列举了在海洋水体和沉积物介质中塑料污染物监测活动的常用采样方法,分析了塑料污染物监测活动方案的制订依据和注意事项。     

Ultra-tight GPS/INS/PL integration: a system concept and performance analysis

The architecture of the ultra-tight GPS/INS/PL integration is the key to its successful performance; the main feature of this architecture is the Doppler feedback to the GPS receiver tracking loops. This Doppler derived from INS, when integrated with the carrier tracking loops, removes the Doppler due to vehicle dynamics from the GPS/PL signal thereby achieving a significant reduction in the carrier tracking loop bandwidth. The bandwidth reduction provides several advantages such as: improvement in anti-jamming performance, and increase in post correlated signal strength which in turn increases the dynamic range and accuracy of measurements. Therefore, any degradation in the derived Doppler estimates will directly affect the tracking loop bandwidth and hence its performance. The quadrature signals from the receiver correlator, I (in-phase) and Q (quadrature), form the measurements, whereas the inertial sensor errors, position, velocity and attitude errors form the states of the complementary Kalman filter. To specify a reliable measurement model of the filter for this type of integrated system, a good understanding of GPS/PL signal characteristics is essential. It is shown in this paper that phase and frequency errors are the variables that relate the measurements and the states in the Kalman filter. The main focus of this paper is to establish the fundamental mathematical relationships that form the measurement model, and to show explicitly how the system error states are related to the GPS/PL signals. The derived mathematical relationships encapsulated in a Kalman filter, are tested by simulation and shown to be valid.

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矿物的深加工及硅橡胶增强填料的制备

以天然矿物滑石,石英,粒状硅灰石和针状硅灰石为原料,经超细粉碎,表面化学改性和机械力化学改性等三种工艺方法进行深加工,制备出具体优良性的超细粉体材料－硅橡胶增强填料,其性能接近气相白碳黑,可部分代替扫描碳黑可用于硅橡胶。     

关于脉冲星参数的我国VLBI网测量

根据毫秒脉冲星计时测量和深空导航应用的基本原理,分析了对脉冲星位置、自行和视差等天体测量参数的VLBI测量精度需求,讨论了我国VLBI网的现有观测能力和不足及可能的改进途径,包括天线后端配置、时钟同步和数据互相关处理等。     

加味旋代颗粒联合丁艾贴丸治疗胃食管反流病肝郁脾虚证40例

目的：观察加味旋代颗粒联合丁艾贴丸治疗胃食管反流病（GERD)肝郁脾虚证的临床疗效。方法：将80 例GERD肝郁脾虚证患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各40 例。治疗组予加味旋代颗粒联合丁艾贴丸治疗,对照组予奥美拉唑肠溶片合枸橼酸莫沙必利片治疗,疗程均为8周。观察2组治疗前后中医证候（反流、烧心、嗳气、胸骨后疼痛等）积分的变化,评定中医证候疗效及胃镜疗效。结果：中医证候疗效总有效率治疗组为87.5%（35/40）,对照组为57.5%（23/40）,组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;胃镜疗效总有效率治疗组为82.5%（33/40）,对照组为67.5%（27/40）,组间比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05)。2组中医证候积分治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05)。结论：加味旋代颗粒联合丁艾贴丸治疗GERD肝郁脾虚证疗效确切,值得临床推广应用。     

Performance analysis and design of the optimal frequency-assisted phase tracking loop

GPS Solutions - The frequency-assisted phase tracking (FAPT) is investigated extensively in comparison with the phase tracking (PT) in a Kalman filter (KF) frame to explore the role the augmented...