一次西南印度洋热带气旋过程发展机制的数值研究

本文利用尽可能多的观测资料和WRF-3.4.1模式(Weather Research and Forecasting Model)对2012年1月19日至28日发生在西南印度洋上空的1次强热带气旋进行了研究,并分析其时空结构和发展机制。对该热带气旋的移动路径、强度及内部结构的数值模拟结果与实际符合较好。分析表明,感热和凝结潜热贯串于热带气旋发展的整个过程,其中感热对气旋发展的影响较弱,凝结潜热是气旋发展的主要能量来源,CISK机制可解释该热带气旋的发展过程。     

Heterosis and heritability estimates for the survival of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) under the commercial scale ponds

The aim of the present study is to detect the potential of the base population from diallel crosses of eight introduced strains of the Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) for improving the yield. Heterosis and heritability were estimated for pond survival at commercial farm conditions for the base population that included 207 full-sib families from a nested mating design by artificial insemination. Among all the hybrids,the heterosis ranged from –11.37%(UA1×UA2) to 20.53%(UA3×SIN) with an average of 0.953%. The results showed that more than half of the hybrids(51.85%) have negative heterosis for survival rate, but most of the hybrids with positive heterosis have high estimates. The high proportion of negative heterosis for survival rate reminders us that the survival trait also should be considered in the crossbreeding program to avoid yield decrease. However, high positive heterosis manifested in most of the hybrids for survival indicates the usefulness of these hybrids for improving the survival to obtain higher yield by crossbreeding in this breeding program. The heritability estimate for pond survival was 0.092±0.043 when genetic groups were included in the pedigree, and it was significantly different from zero(P0.05). The results from this study also indicated that significant improvement for survival is possible through selection in L. vannamei.     

运用多元统计方法识别浙北海域两个典型港湾的水质状况

浙北海域两个典型港湾,杭州湾与象山港的水体污染状况日趋严重。本文运用多元统计方法,对分析了研究海域水体的物理及生物地球化学要素进行了量化分析。结果表明,根据物理及生物地球化学特性,层次聚类分析可将研究海域划分为两个不同的子区域;主成分分析分别在杭州湾和象山港识别出3个潜在的污染源,且陆源径流的输入、沿岸工业排污以及自然演化过程为主要源头。因此,研究海域的生态环境保护刻不容缓,应该立即采取相关措施。     

不同类型DDM相互应用的质量分析

数字水深模型的应用通常可分为航海和非航海两大类型。从航海与非航海DDM的不同应用需求出发,分别构建了航海和非航海DDM,比对分析了不同类型DDM相互应用时的质量情况。实验证明,航海DDM的模型中误差相对较大,模型产生了系统性偏移,应用于非航海时模型质量会相对降低,且这种降低的程度随着比例尺的缩小而增大;非航海DDM未考虑航海安全性需求,会引起模型深度保证率指标明显偏低,且随比例尺不断缩小而偏低更明显,从而不能直接应用于航海。     

天山乌苏段火山泥元素组成及含量分析

采用能量色散型X射线荧光光谱分析（EDXRF）对新疆乌苏天山泥火山土壤样品的元素含量进行了测定。采用单指标评价指数法和内梅罗综合指数法,对新疆天山乌苏段火山泥中的重金属的种类和含量进行了研究,结果显示：Cd、As、Cu元素的含量达到土壤环境质量评价的二级标准,Hg、Pb、Cr、Zn、Ni元素的含量达到土壤环境质量评价的一级标准,乌苏天山火山泥综合评价达到二级标准。将火山泥的元素含量与新疆地区不同土质的土壤元素含量进行比较,与干旱区不同省份的土壤元素含量进行比较,分析了火山泥元素组成及含量的成因。     

基于主成分分析的甘肃省水资源承载力评价

以甘肃省水资源承载力为研究对象,运用主成分分析法对甘肃省水资源承载力从时间和空间两个角度进行了综合评价。研究表明：影响水资源承载力的因子主要包括经济发展因子、人口因子、水资源供需平衡因子、农业生产用水因子;2006-2015年,甘肃省水资源承载力整体呈现下降趋势;甘肃省水资源承载力存在显著的地区差异,甘南等地区水资源承载力较大,白银等地区居中,张掖等地区较小,兰州等地区最小,这主要是受水资源供需不平衡、农业生产用水差异较大和经济发展及人口因素的影响。     

准噶尔盆地西北缘超剥带轻质油的发现及意义

含油气盆地超剥带的勘探以重质油-油砂为主。在准噶尔盆地西北缘超剥带的中生代油砂中发现了轻质油,报道了其基本特征与成藏模式,并探讨了勘探意义。结果表明,轻质油呈黄绿色荧光,与呈黄褐色荧光的重质油共生。油砂连续抽提发现,重质油充注在前(颗粒吸附烃/包裹体烃),轻质油充注在后(孔隙游离烃),油源均来自研究区玛湖凹陷下二叠统风城组,典型生标特征为Pr/Ph值小于1,伽马腊烷/C_(30)藿烷为0.43~0.82,C_(20)、C_(21)、C_(23)三环萜烷呈上升型分布。油砂无机地球化学研究发现,2期原油充注明显,形成了2期方解石胶结物,早期MnO和FeO含量在1%~1.5%之间,晚期大于1.5%。白垩纪前,风城组生源成熟油在充注过程中遭受降解,形成重质油-油砂;白垩纪至今,风城组生源高熟轻质油沿横断裂直接运移至超剥带,在断裂"纵横交叉"之处最富集。据此认为,研究区横断裂沿线是这类轻质原油勘探值得考虑的领域。超剥带的勘探可能不仅局限于传统认为的重质油-油砂,若存在有利的成藏条件,亦有可能形成轻质油气的聚集。     

邯郸娄里金矿床金元素赋存状态及其找矿意义

对娄里金矿中金元素的赋存状态、产出特征进行的分析研究显示,娄里金矿床中金主要以细粒（5~20 μm）自然金为主分散浸染于蚀变较强的凝灰岩和粗面岩裂隙中.金在石英脉和褐铁矿中赋存比例仅为12.5%,远低于片理发育的蚀变凝灰岩.因此娄里金矿的找矿标志有其特殊性.结合野外已知金矿体周边岩性分布特征,提出在岩石片理化及层间裂隙发育处,且出现含霓辉石细粒正长斑岩地段应是下一步找矿重点区域.     

内蒙古大兴安岭东南部土城子组的发现及其意义

通过对研究区地层剖面、接触关系、区域地层对比及同位素测年等资料的研究,将发育于大兴安岭地区原满克头鄂博组下部的一套杂色复成分砾岩、含砾粗砂岩夹火山岩组合的地层厘定为上侏罗统土城子组,与燕辽地区之土城子组有较好的可比性.研究区土城子组的发现,一是填补了研究区土城子组的空白;二是通过对该组形成时代的讨论以及与上覆地层的接触关系研究,为该区与燕辽地区中生代地层划分与对比研究提供了依据,同时为兴安岭地区中生代地质演化研究提供参考.     

A study on the supply relations of different groundwater in Qingdao subway line R3

In this paper, the correlation between different groundwater in the study area is analyzed by using the hydrological data from the hydrogeological test holes and the long-term observation holes based on the hydrogeological data between the Jinggangshan Road Station and the Jianianhua Station on the Qingdao Subway Line R3. The conclusions are as follows. When the drills are near the seashore (less than 50 m) and the backfilled formation has a large permeability coefficient (the backfilled components being coarse particles), the Quaternary pore water is connected with the seawater and there is correlation between the two. When the drills are far from the seashore (more than 50 m) or the backfilled formation has a small permeability coefficient, there is no correlation between the two. When the drills are near the seashore (less than 50 m) with developed bedrock fissure, the bedrock fissure water is connected with the seawater and there is correlation between the two. When the drills are far from the seashore (more than 50 m), or when the bedrock fissure is undeveloped, there is no correlation between the two. There exists an aquifer (mainly marine muddy silt clay layers and partially silt clay layers) between the Quaternary pore water and the bedrock fissure water, which blocks the connectivity between the two. Consequently, there is no correlation.