基于中远场小震结构台阵观测数据的地震响应分析

近年来我国布设的强震动观测结构台阵越来越多,并在数次地震中捕获了一批宝贵的观测记录,这些记录既是对应用日益广泛的结构数值模拟结果的检验和参数标定的依据,也是结构健康监测的重要数据。本文选取昆明防灾减灾中心大楼观测台阵捕获的3次中远场小震记录作为研究对象,对比ANSYS结构数值模拟和观测值之间在时程以及谱特性等方面的响应差别,证明了在弹性范围下二者结果具有较好的一致性。最后,基于观测记录,采用高效简单的经验谱比法进行了结构模态参数快速识别,3次地震下的自振频率计算结果相对稳定,与数值建模计算结果的差值可控制在0.17Hz以内。     

GDM-Ⅰ型光电面积量测仪研制报告

本文详细介绍了制研的GDM-I型光电面积量测仪的基本原理、仪器结构、电路系统以及使用方法。本文还叙述了该仪器的工作程序:即对被量测图形的扫描,经过光电变换、放大、整形、控制计数器进行计数,再经过简单换算,便得量测面积,误差小于0.5%。算例对湖北省某县全县、公社、镇等面积进行了量测,证明精度良好。     

大连机场典型低空风切变的成因分析

风切变是指空间两点之间的风的矢量差,风切变分为水平风切变和垂直风切变。航空气象学中,低空风切变通常是指近地面600 m高度以下的垂直风切变,低空风切变严重危害航空活动安全,尤其是在飞机起飞和着陆阶段。为了提高对低空风切变的预报准确率和提前预警时间,利用大连机场话音方式航空器报告统计大连机场出现的低空风切变特点。大连机场低空风切变出现最多的季节是秋末和春季,其中以西北大风和偏北大风造成的低空风切变最为典型,这种切变常常出现在地面风向为360°或350°、平均风速9 m·s^-1、阵风风速16 m·s^-1的观测时次附近。选取3个大连机场典型低空风切变的天气个例,利用NCEP/NCAR FNL(1°×1°)资料分析大连机场出现典型低空风切变时的天气形势特点,利用WRF模式输出资料,分析了大连机场出现典型低空风切变时低层的风场特征。分析结果表明,WRF模式输出的风场变化较小,不能体现低空风切变的突变特征,利用模式输出资料计算得到的反映偏差风相对大小的I值与风切变的出现有明显关系,当I大于0.5且逐渐增加时,容易出现低空风切变,当I小于0.5且逐渐减小时,不易出现低空风切变,可以利用I值及其变化情况进行风切变的预报预警。     

Using Airgun Source Signals to Study Regional Wave Velocity Changes before and after the Yunlong MS5.0 and Yangbi MS5.1 Earthquakes

On the basis of the airgun source signals recorded by the stations from January, 2016 to June, 2017, we use cross-correlation detection technology to obtain the characteristics of the stable phase travel time change of each station. We used the Yunlong M_S5.0 and Yangbi M_S5.1 earthquakes as samples. According to regional characteristics, 13 stations with high signal-to-noise ratios and complete data were selected (including 3 fixed stations and 10 active source stations). They are divided into four regions, and on the basis of the GNSS baseline data, the characteristics of regional wave velocity changes before and after the earthquake are analyzed. The results show that the station phase travel time change and the regional stress characteristics represented by the GNSS baseline data have good correlation in the short-term. Due to different degrees of regional stress, there are differences in the travel time changes of different stations in the four regions. Before the Yunlong M_S5.0 and Yangbi M_S5.1 earthquakes, with regional stress adjustment, there is an upward trend in the travel time changes of related stations in the adjacent areas of up to 0.02s. The difference is that there are differences in the time nodes and duration of the travel time anomalies, and there is a reverse descent process after the Yangbi M_S5.1 earthquake. There are different degrees of travel time fluctuations in the relevant stations before and after the two earthquakes, but the fluctuation range before and after the earthquake was small. Compared with the water level change of the reservoir, the adjustment of the regional stress is more likely to have a substantial impact on the travel time changes of the relevant stations.     

景谷M_S6.6、M_S5.8和M_S5.9地震强震动记录初步分析与场地效应研究

2014年云南景谷先后发生M_S6.6、M_S5.8和M_S5.9中强地震,云南强震动台网获取了丰富的加速度记录。本文整理了各次地震中固定台和流动台获取的强震动加速度记录资料,分别进行了地震动衰减关系和加速度反应谱分析,结果表明,所观测到的加速度峰值比云南地区地震动衰减关系预测值高,反应谱谱值随震级的增加有增大趋势。最后将益智强震台作为典型台站,分析了该台站在地震中的场地放大效应。     

In-plane dynamic Green’s functions for inclined and uniformly distributed loads in a multi-layered transversely isotropic half-space

The dynamic stiffness method combined with the Fourier transform is utilized to derive the in-plane Green’s functions for inclined and uniformly distributed loads in a multi-layered transversely isotropic(TI)half-space.The loaded layer is fixed to obtain solutions restricted in it and the corresponding reactions forces,which are then applied to the total system with the opposite sign.By adding solutions restricted in the loaded layer to solutions from the reaction forces,the global solutions in the wavenumber domain are obtained,and the dynamic Green’s functions in the space domain are recovered by the inverse Fourier transform.The presented formulations can be reduced to the isotropic case developed by Wolf(1985),and are further verified by comparisons with existing solutions in a uniform isotropic as well as a layered TI halfspace subjected to horizontally distributed loads which are special cases of the more general problem addressed.The deduced Green’s functions,in conjunction with boundary element methods,will lead to significant advances in the investigation of a variety of wave scattering,wave radiation and soil-structure interaction problems in a layered TI site.Selected numerical results are given to investigate the influence of material anisotropy,frequency of excitation,inclination angle and layered on the responses of displacement and stress,and some conclusions are drawn.     

遥感地质在川西北平武-青川地区金矿研究中的应用

本文运用遥感地质综合研究方法,解译分析了区域构造组合特征及与金矿成矿的关系,探讨了TM蚀变带信息提取试验方法,提出了遥感影像找矿模式和川西北金矿的找矿前景。     

柱面SH波在地下圆形衬砌洞室周围散射解析解

采用波函数展开法给出了半空间中柱面SH波在圆形衬砌洞室周围散射的解析解,并对解答的精度进行了分析。通过数值算例分析了入射频率、波源与洞室的距离、洞室埋深、衬砌刚度等对洞室衬砌动应力集中因子的影响。研究表明,柱面波在地下衬砌洞室周围的散射与平面波情况有着显著的差别,衬砌动应力集中因子和波源与洞室的距离密切相关;柱面波在全空间衬砌洞室周围的散射与半空间情况有着显著的差别,半空间地表对动应力集中因子有着重要影响。     

乌蒙山区革香河流域干旱成因及打井找水模式

地下水是乌蒙山区革香河流域重要的饮用水源,由于地下水发育规律复杂,地形起伏巨大,给地下水的有效开发利用带来了诸多困难,广大地区存在干旱缺水问题。文章利用岩溶地下水综合调查—探测—评价方法,查明革香河流域地下水赋存发育规律,揭示流域内干旱频发的成因机理,归纳总结出向斜蓄水构造、背斜蓄水构造、断层蓄水带和断陷盆地蓄水构造四类典型蓄水构造模式,优选了断层阻水、向斜蓄水、岩性界线阻水、上下阻水和地下河径流带五种富水成井区位,并有效应用于严重干旱缺水区的打井找水工作,定井成功率达到70%以上,解决了流域内2万多人的饮水困难问题,有效服务脱贫攻坚。     

渤海南部性成熟黄鲫季节分布的研究

渤海南部黄鲫的性成熟期为5月中、下旬—7月中、下旬，盛期为6月上、中旬，其中渤海湾黄鲫的性成熟期比莱州湾晚10天左右。群体主要分布于莱州湾西北部和渤海湾南部，其次是渤海湾西部海域，渤海湾北部和莱州湾南部不是黄鲫产卵场。黄鲫性成熟个体分布的温、盐度范围分别为15－27．1℃和28．98－32．14，属广温狭盐性，数量分布与温、盐度有密切相关关系。