三维层状场地中斜面均布荷载动力格林函数

在作者三维层状场地精确动力刚度矩阵基础上,给出了三维层状场地内部斜面均布荷载动力格林函数。本文格林函数包含了场地的所有基本力学特性,可用于三维层状局部场地中波的散射及土-结构相互作用等问题的求解。文中对所得结果进行了精度检验,同时给出了一些数值结果,包括均匀半空间和基岩上单一土层中竖面或斜面荷载作用下的位移和应力格林函数。     

我国矿山采空区综合治理研究综述

为了探明煤矿采空区覆岩破坏类型与裂隙发育情况,快速准确划分采空区覆岩弯曲带、断裂带、垮落带(简称“三带”),提出智能识别方法,为制定采空区治理方案提供依据。以山东某矿区采空区为例,采用贝叶斯在线变化点检测(Bayesian Online Changepoint Detection,BOCD)算法对钻进过程中的冲洗液漏失量和钻速数据在煤矿采空区“三带”界限处的变化及响应特征进行分析。以勘察规范中有关“三带”高度计算经验公式作为约束条件,对冲洗液漏失量和钻速数据中的候选变化点进行检测、优选,进而确定煤矿采空区“三带”界限深度。智能识别的结果与实际值吻合,其中,弯曲带下限、断裂带下限、垮落带下限的深度误差分别为+0.67、+0.31和+0.52 m,弯曲带、断裂带和垮落带的高度误差分别为+0.14%、−0.63%和+2.49%。基于钻进数据的采空区覆岩“三带”智能识别方法精度满足设计需要,切实可行。该方法将钻进数据与经验公式相结合,在钻进过程中即可完成“三带”界限的划分,充分发挥数据的时效性,避免了技术人员主观判断对识别结果产生影响。相较于依靠多种方式综合确定“三带”界限的传统方法,该智能识别方法显著提高了“三带”划分的时效性和准确性。

     

Role of hydrodynamic factors in controlling the formation and location of unconformity-related uranium deposits: insights from reactive-flow modeling

The role of hydrodynamic factors in controlling the formation and location of unconformity-related uranium (URU) deposits in sedimentary basins during tectonically quiet periods is investigated. A number of reactive-flow modeling experiments at the deposit scale were carried out by assigning different dip angles and directions to a fault and various permeabilities to hydrostratigraphic units). The results show that the fault dip angle and direction, and permeability of the hydrostratigraphic units govern the convection pattern, temperature distribution, and uranium mineralization. A vertical fault results in uranium mineralization at the bottom of the fault within the basement, while a dipping fault leads to precipitation of uraninite below the unconformity either away from or along the plane of the fault, depending on the fault permeability. A more permeable fault causes uraninite precipitates along the fault plane, whereas a less permeable one gives rise to the precipitation of uraninite away from it. No economic ore mineralization can form when either very low or very high permeabilities are assigned to the sandstone or basement suggesting that these units seem to have an optimal window of permeability for the formation of uranium deposits. Physicochemical parameters also exert an additional control in both the location and grade of URU deposits. These results indicate that the difference in size and grade of different URU deposits may result from variation in fluid flow pattern and physicochemical conditions, caused by the change in structural features and hydraulic properties of the stratigraphic units involved.     

3D scattering of obliquely incident plane SV waves by an alluvial valley embedded in a fluid-saturated,poroelastic layered half-space

The indirect boundary element method is used to study the 3D dynamic response of an infinitely long alluvial valley embedded in a saturated layered half-space for obliquely incident SV waves. A wave-number transform is first applied along the valley’s axis to reduce a 3D problem to a 2D plane strain problem. The problem is then solved in the section perpendicular to the axis of the valley. Finally, the 3D dynamic responses of the valley are obtained by an inverse wave-number transform. The validity of the method is confirmed by comparison with relevant results. The differences between the responses around the valley embedded in dry and in saturated poroelastic medium are studied, and the effects of drainage conditions, porosity, soil layer stiffness, and soil layer thickness on the dynamic response are discussed in detail resulting in some conclusions.     

Simulation of FY-2D infrared brightness temperature and sensitivity analysis to the errors of WRF simulated cloud variables

This study simulated FY-2 D satellite infrared brightness images based on the WRF and RTTOV models. The effects of prediction errors in WRF micro-and macroscale cloud variables on FY-2 D infrared brightness temperature accuracy were analyzed. The principle findings were as follows. In the T+0–48 h simulation time, the root mean square errors of the simulated brightness temperatures were within the range 10–27 K, i.e., better than the range of 20–40 K achieved previously. In the T+0–24 h simulation time, the correlation coefficients between the simulated and measured brightness temperatures for all four channels were 0.5. The simulation performance of water channel IR3 was stable and the best. The four types of cloud microphysical scheme considered all showed that the simulated values of brightness temperature in clouds were too high and that the distributions of cloud systems were incomplete, especially in typhoon areas. The performance of the THOM scheme was considered best, followed in descending order by the WSM6, WDM6, and LIN schemes. Compared with observed values, the maximum deviation appeared in the range 253–273 K for all schemes. On the microscale, the snow water mixing ratio of the THOM scheme was much bigger than that of the other schemes. Improving the production efficiency or increasing the availability of solid water in the cloud microphysical scheme would provide slight benefit for brightness temperature simulations. On the macroscale, the cloud amount obtained by the scheme used in this study was small. Improving the diagnostic scheme for cloud amount, especially high-level cloud, could improve the accuracy of brightness temperature simulations. These results could provide an intuitive reference for forecasters and constitute technical support for the creation of simulated brightness temperature images for the FY-4 satellite.     

Hydrocarbon test in lower-layer atmosphere to predict deep-sea petroleum or hydrate in the Okinawa Trough: an example

INTRODUCTIONItisaverypossiblenewmethodforustopredictdeep seapetroleumorhydratebymeansoftestinglighthydrocarbonandanalyzingCisotopicoflower layeratmosphericsamplesnearseasurface Thismethodisbasedonthetheoryofoilandgasmicro seepages,whichsuggeststhatsomegasessuchasCH4,CO2 etc .(Cheng ,1 999;Daietal.,1 994 ;Daietal.,1 995;Teder,1 985;Jonesetal.,1 985;Fangetal.,2 0 0 0 ;Guo ,1 995;Gongetal.,2 0 0 2 ;Huangetal.,1 998) ,willcontinuallymigrateupwardsintofracturesandporosityofrocks ,seabedse…     

沙尘源区AVHRR反照率时序变化与TSP的对比分析

以2001年3月到5月的几次沙尘天气为例,介绍基于地表覆盖的AVHRR反照率的反演结果,并与TSP(沙尘干量)和Si(硅)进行对比分析,发现它们具有较好的相关性,从而揭示了沙尘暴发生前后地表能量的变化状况,为预测预警沙尘天气的危害提供及时客观的空间信息。     

云微物理参数在飞机积冰分析和预报中的应用研究

对飞机积冰预报的现状进行了分析 ,介绍了积冰预报中云微物理参数的应用概况 ,并就积冰预报中云微物理参数的应用前景进行了分析和讨论。将模式模拟和卫星反演的微物理参数引入飞机积冰分析和预报 ,将进一步提高飞机积冰预报的准确性和合理性     

基础柔性对土-结构相互作用系统响应影响的一个解析解

采用波函数展开法,通过SH波入射均匀半空间中二维埋置半圆形刚柔复合基础-单质点模型,推导土-刚柔复合基础-上部结构动力相互作用的解析解,并验证解的正确性。研究表明:基础柔性对于系统响应峰值与系统频率有较大影响。考虑基础柔性后,上部结构相对响应峰值相比全刚性基础结果均有一定减小,且系统频率也会产生向低频偏移的现象。     

川中龙王庙组气藏多期充注特征及对寒武纪早期海相烃源岩发育的指示意义

为了研究古老超深层天然气藏的充注模式,探讨寒武纪早期海相烃源岩的质量、规模和寿命,笔者等选取高石梯—磨溪地区龙王庙组气藏作为研究对象,结合区域构造演化史和烃源岩生烃史,应用盐水包裹体均一温度与储集层埋藏史温度对比的方法,建立了充注模式,并追踪其烃源岩层位为下寒武统筇竹寺组;从寒武纪早期古气候、古环境和古生物等的角度,分析了该时期形成海相烃源岩的有机生产力和保存条件。研究显示,四川盆地超深层气藏的形成经历了古油藏、古裂解气藏和晚期干气的多期充注阶段,气藏充注来源于古油藏裂解气和超晚期源岩释放的天然气。这一事实指示了,早寒武纪的全球背景为高质量、大规模和长寿命的优质烃源岩发育提供了基础,对于四川盆地超级气盆地的形成提供了理论依据。